Michigan Compiled Laws
Chapter 1 - Constitution of The State of Michigan of 1963
CONSTITUTION OF MICHIGAN OF 1963 - State Constitution (Article I § 1 - § 0)

Article I § 15 Double Jeopardy; Bailable Offenses; Commencement of Trial if Bail Denied; Bail Hearing; Effective Date. - Sec. 15. No person shall be subject for the same...

Article I § 16 Bail; Fines; Punishments; Detention of Witnesses. - Sec. 16. Excessive bail shall not be required; excessive fines...

Article I § 17 Self-Incrimination; Due Process of Law; Fair Treatment at Investigations. - Sec. 17. No person shall be compelled in any criminal...

Article I § 18 Witnesses; Competency, Religious Beliefs. - Sec. 18. No person shall be rendered incompetent to be...

Article I § 19 Libels, Truth as Defense. - Sec. 19. In all prosecutions for libels the truth may...

Article I § 20 Rights of Accused in Criminal Prosecutions. - Sec. 20. In every criminal prosecution, the accused shall have...

Article I § 21 Imprisonment for Debt. - Sec. 21. No person shall be imprisoned for debt arising...

Article I § 22 Treason; Definition, Evidence. - Sec. 22. Treason against the state shall consist only in...

Article I § 23 Enumeration of Rights Not to Deny Others. - Sec. 23. The enumeration in this constitution of certain rights...

Article I § 24 Rights of Crime Victims; Enforcement; Assessment Against Convicted Defendants. - Sec. 24. (1) Crime victims, as defined by law, shall...

Article I § 25 Marriage. - Sec. 25. To secure and preserve the benefits of marriage...

Article I § 26 Affirmative Action Programs. - Sec. 26. (1) The University of Michigan, Michigan State University,...

Article I § 27 Human Embryo and Embryonic Stem Cell Research. - Section 27. (1) Nothing in this section shall alter Michigan’s...

Article I § 28 Right to Reproductive Freedom. - Sec. 28. (1) Every individual has a fundamental right to...

Article II - Elections (Article II § 1...§ 10)

Article II § 1 Qualifications of Electors; Residence. - Sec. 1. Every citizen of the United States who has...

Article II § 2 Mental Incompetence; Imprisonment. - Sec. 2. The legislature may by law exclude persons from...

Article II § 3 Presidential Electors; Residence. - Sec. 3. For purposes of voting in the election for...

Article II § 4 Place and Manner of Elections. - Sec. 4. (1) Every citizen of the United States who...

Article II § 5 Time of Elections. - Sec. 5. Except for special elections to fill vacancies, or...

Article II § 6 Voters on Tax Limit Increases or Bond Issues. - Sec. 6. Whenever any question is required to be submitted...

Article II § 7 Boards of Canvassers, Certification of Election Results. - Sec. 7. (1) The outcome of every election in this...

Article II § 8 Recalls. - Sec. 8. Laws shall be enacted to provide for the...

Article II § 9 Initiative and Referendum; Limitations; Appropriations; Petitions. - Sec. 9. The people reserve to themselves the power to...

Article II § 10 Limitations on Terms of Office of Members of the United States House of Representatives and United States Senate From Michigan. - Sec. 10. No person shall be elected to office as...

Article III - General Government (Article III § 1...§ 8)

Article III § 1 Seat of Government. - Sec. 1. The seat of government shall be at Lansing....

Article III § 2 Separation of Powers of Government. - Sec. 2. The powers of government are divided into three...

Article III § 3 Great Seal. - Sec. 3. There shall be a great seal of the...

Article III § 4 Militia. - Sec. 4. The militia shall be organized, equipped and disciplined...

Article III § 5 Intergovernmental Agreements; Service by Public Officers and Employees. - Sec. 5. Subject to provisions of general law, this state...

Article III § 6 Internal Improvements. - Sec. 6. The state shall not be a party to,...

Article III § 7 Common Law and Statutes, Continuance. - Sec. 7. The common law and the statute laws now...

Article III § 8 Opinions on Constitutionality by Supreme Court. - Sec. 8. Either house of the legislature or the governor...

Article IV - Legislative Branch (Article IV § 1...§ 54)

Article IV § 1 Legislative Power. - Sec. 1. Except to the extent limited or abrogated by...

Article IV § 2 Senators, Number, Term. - Sec. 2. The senate shall consist of 38 members to...

Article IV § 3 Representatives, Number, Term; Contiguity of Districts. - Sec. 3. The house of representatives shall consist of 110...

Article IV § 4 Annexation or Merger With a City. - History: Abrogated. Init., approved Nov. 6, 2018, Eff. Dec. 22,...

Article IV § 5 Island Areas, Contiguity. - History: Abrogated. Init., approved Nov. 6, 2018, Eff. Dec. 22,...

Article IV § 6 Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission for State Legislative and Congressional Districts. - Sec. 6. (1) An independent citizens redistricting commission for state...

Article IV § 7 Legislators; Qualifications, Removal From District. - Sec. 7. Each senator and representative must be a citizen...

Article IV § 8 Ineligibility of Government Officers and Employees. - Sec. 8. No person holding any office, employment or position...

Article IV § 9 Civil Appointments, Ineligibility of Legislators. - Sec. 9. No person elected to the legislature shall receive...

Article IV § 10 Legislators and State Officers, Government Contracts, Conflict of Interest; Annual Financial Disclosure Report. - Sec. 10. (1) No member of the legislature nor any...

Article IV § 11 Legislators Privileged From Civil Arrest and Civil Process; Limitation; Questioning for Speech in Either House Prohibited. - Sec. 11. Except as provided by law, senators and representatives...

Article IV § 12 State Officers Compensation Commission. - Sec. 12. The state officers compensation commission is created which...

Article IV § 13 Legislature; Time of Convening, Sine Die Adjournment, Measures Carried Over. - Sec. 13. The legislature shall meet at the seat of...

Article IV § 14 Quorum; Powers of Less Than Quorum. - Sec. 14. A majority of the members elected to and...

Article IV § 15 Legislative Council. - Sec. 15. There shall be a bi-partisan legislative council consisting...

Article IV § 16 Legislature; Officers, Rules of Procedure, Expulsion of Members. - Sec. 16. Each house, except as otherwise provided in this...

Article IV § 17 Committees; Record of Votes, Public Inspection, Notice of Hearings. - Sec. 17. Each house of the legislature may establish the...

Article IV § 18 Journal of Proceedings; Record of Votes, Dissents. - Sec. 18. Each house shall keep a journal of its...

Article IV § 19 Record of Votes on Elections and Advice and Consent. - Sec. 19. All elections in either house or in joint...

Article IV § 20 Open Meetings. - Sec. 20. The doors of each house shall be open...

Article IV § 21 Adjournments, Limitations. - Sec. 21. Neither house shall, without the consent of the...

Article IV § 22 Bills. - Sec. 22. All legislation shall be by bill and may...

Article IV § 23 Style of Laws. - Sec. 23. The style of the laws shall be: The...

Article IV § 24 Laws; Object, Title, Amendments Changing Purpose. - Sec. 24. No law shall embrace more than one object,...

Article IV § 25 Revision and Amendment of Laws; Title References, Publication of Entire Sections. - Sec. 25. No law shall be revised, altered or amended...

Article IV § 26 Bills; Printing, Possession, Reading, Vote on Passage. - Sec. 26. No bill shall be passed or become a...

Article IV § 27 Laws, Effective Date. - Sec. 27. No act shall take effect until the expiration...

Article IV § 28 Bills, Subjects at Special Session. - Sec. 28. When the legislature is convened on extraordinary occasions...

Article IV § 29 Local or Special Acts. - Sec. 29. The legislature shall pass no local or special...

Article IV § 30 Appropriations; Local or Private Purposes. - Sec. 30. The assent of two-thirds of the members elected...

Article IV § 31 General Appropriation Bills; Priority, Statement of Estimated Revenue. - Sec. 31. The general appropriation bills for the succeeding fiscal...

Article IV § 32 Laws Imposing Taxes. - Sec. 32. Every law which imposes, continues or revives a...

Article IV § 33 Bills Passed; Approval by Governor or Veto, Reconsideration by Legislature. - Sec. 33. Every bill passed by the legislature shall be...

Article IV § 34 Bills, Referendum. - Sec. 34. Any bill passed by the legislature and approved...

Article IV § 35 Publication and Distribution of Laws and Judicial Decisions. - Sec. 35. All laws enacted at any session of the...

Article IV § 36 General Revision of Laws; Compilation of Laws. - Sec. 36. No general revision of the laws shall be...

Article IV § 37 Administrative Rules, Suspension by Legislative Committee. - Sec. 37. The legislature may by concurrent resolution empower a...

Article IV § 38 Vacancies in Office. - Sec. 38. The legislature may provide by law the cases...

Article IV § 39 Continuity of Government in Emergencies. - Sec. 39. In order to insure continuity of state and...

Article IV § 40 Alcoholic Beverages; Age Requirement; Liquor Control Commission; Excise Tax; Local Option. - Sec. 40. A person shall not sell or give any...

Article IV § 41 Lotteries. - Sec. 41. The legislature may authorize lotteries and permit the...

Article IV § 42 Ports and Port Districts; Incorporation, Internal. - Sec. 42. The legislature may provide for the incorporation of...

Article IV § 43 Bank and Trust Company Laws. - Sec. 43. No general law providing for the incorporation of...

Article IV § 44 Trial by Jury in Civil Cases. - Sec. 44. The legislature may authorize a trial by a...

Article IV § 45 Indeterminate Sentences. - Sec. 45. The legislature may provide for indeterminate sentences as...

Article IV § 46 Death Penalty. - Sec. 46. No law shall be enacted providing for the...

Article IV § 47 Chaplains in State Institutions. - Sec. 47. The legislature may authorize the employment of chaplains...

Article IV § 48 Disputes Concerning Public Employees. - Sec. 48. The legislature may enact laws providing for the...

Article IV § 49 Hours and Conditions of Employment. - Sec. 49. The legislature may enact laws relative to the...

Article IV § 50 Atomic and New Forms of Energy. - Sec. 50. The legislature may provide safety measures and regulate...

Article IV § 51 Public Health and General Welfare. - Sec. 51. The public health and general welfare of the...

Article IV § 52 Natural Resources; Conservation, Pollution, Impairment, Destruction. - Sec. 52. The conservation and development of the natural resources...

Article IV § 53 Auditor General; Appointment, Qualifications, Term, Removal, Post Audits. - Sec. 53. The legislature by a majority vote of the...

Article IV § 54 Limitations on Terms of Office of State Legislators. - Sec. 54. (1) A person may not be elected to...

Article V - Executive Branch (Article V § 1...§ 30)

Article V § 1 Executive Power. - Sec. 1. Except to the extent limited or abrogated by...

Article V § 2 Principal Departments. - Sec. 2. All executive and administrative offices, agencies and instrumentalities...

Article V § 3 Single Heads of Departments; Appointment, Term. - Sec. 3. The head of each principal department shall be...

Article V § 4 Commissions or Agencies for Less Than 2 Years. - Sec. 4. Except to the extent limited or abrogated by...

Article V § 5 Examining or Licensing Board Members, Qualifications. - Sec. 5. A majority of the members of an appointed...

Article V § 6 Advice and Consent to Appointments. - Sec. 6. Appointment by and with the advice and consent...

Article V § 7 Vacancies in Office; Filling, Senatorial Disapproval of Appointees. - Sec. 7. Vacancies in any office, appointment to which requires...

Article V § 8 Principal Departments, Supervision of Governor; Information From State Officers. - Sec. 8. Each principal department shall be under the supervision...

Article V § 9 Principal Departments, Location. - Sec. 9. Single executives heading principal departments and the chief...

Article V § 10 Removal or Suspension of Officers; Grounds, Report. - Sec. 10. The governor shall have power and it shall...

Article V § 11 Provisional Appointments to Fill Vacancies Due to Suspension. - Sec. 11. The governor may make a provisional appointment to...

Article V § 12 Military Powers. - Sec. 12. The governor shall be commander-in-chief of the armed...

Article V § 13 Elections to Fill Vacancies in Legislature. - Sec. 13. The governor shall issue writs of election to...

Article V § 14 Reprieves, Commutations and Pardons. - Sec. 14. The governor shall have power to grant reprieves,...

Article V § 15 Extra Sessions of Legislature. - Sec. 15. The governor may convene the legislature on extraordinary...

Article V § 16 Legislature Other Than at Seat of Government. - Sec. 16. The governor may convene the legislature at some...

Article V § 17 Messages and Recommendations to Legislature. - Sec. 17. The governor shall communicate by message to the...

Article V § 18 Budget; General and Deficiency Appropriation Bills. - Sec. 18. The governor shall submit to the legislature at...

Article V § 19 Disapproval of Items in Appropriation Bills. - Sec. 19. The governor may disapprove any distinct item or...

Article V § 20 Reductions in Expenditures. - Sec. 20. No appropriation shall be a mandate to spend....

Article V § 21 State Elective Executive Officers; Term, Election. - Sec. 21. The governor, lieutenant governor, secretary of state and...

Article V § 22 Governor and Lieutenant Governor, Qualifications. - Sec. 22. To be eligible for the office of governor...

Article V § 23 State Elective Executive Officers, Compensation. - Sec. 23. The governor, lieutenant governor, secretary of state and...

Article V § 24 Executive Residence. - Sec. 24. An executive residence suitably furnished shall be provided...

Article V § 25 Lieutenant Governor; President of Senate, Tie Vote, Duties. - Sec. 25. The lieutenant governor shall be president of the...

Article V § 26 Succession to Governorship. - Sec. 26. In case of the conviction of the governor...

Article V § 27 Salary of Successor. - Sec. 27. The legislature shall provide that the salary of...

Article V § 28 State Transportation Commission; Establishment; Purpose; Appointment, Qualifications, and Terms of Members; Director of State Transportation Department. - Sec. 28. There is hereby established a state transportation commission,...

Article V § 29 Civil Rights Commission; Members, Term, Duties, Appropriation. - Sec. 29. There is hereby established a civil rights commission...

Article V § 30 Limitations on Terms of Executive Officers. - Sec. 30. No person shall be elected more than two...

Article VI - Judicial Branch (Article VI § 1...§ 30)

Article VI § 1 Judicial Power in Court of Justice; Divisions. - Sec. 1. Except to the extent limited or abrogated by...

Article VI § 2 Justices of the Supreme Court; Number, Term, Nomination, Election. - Sec. 2. The supreme court shall consist of seven justices...

Article VI § 3 Chief Justice; Court Administrator; Other Assistants. - Sec. 3. One justice of the supreme court shall be...

Article VI § 4 General Superintending Control Over Courts; Writs; Appellate Jurisdiction. - Sec. 4. Except to the extent limited or abrogated by...

Article VI § 5 Court Rules; Distinctions Between Law and Equity; Master in Chancery. - Sec. 5. The supreme court shall by general rules establish,...

Article VI § 6 Decisions and Dissents; Writing, Contents. - Sec. 6. Decisions of the supreme court, including all decisions...

Article VI § 7 Staff; Budget; Salaries of Justices; Fees. - Sec. 7. The supreme court may appoint, may remove, and...

Article VI § 8 Court of Appeals; Election of Judges, Divisions. - Sec. 8. The court of appeals shall consist initially of...

Article VI § 9 Judges of Court of Appeals, Terms. - Sec. 9. Judges of the court of appeals shall hold...

Article VI § 10 Jurisdiction, Practice and Procedure of Court of Appeals. - Sec. 10. The jurisdiction of the court of appeals shall...

Article VI § 11 Circuit Courts; Judicial Circuits, Sessions, Number of Judges. - Sec. 11. The state shall be divided into judicial circuits...

Article VI § 12 Circuit Judges; Nomination, Election, Term. - Sec. 12. Circuit judges shall be nominated and elected at...

Article VI § 13 Circuit Courts; Jurisdiction, Writs, Supervisory Control Over Inferior Courts. - Sec. 13. The circuit court shall have original jurisdiction in...

Article VI § 14 County Clerks; Duties, Vacancies; Prosecuting Attorneys, Vacancies. - Sec. 14. The clerk of each county organized for judicial...

Article VI § 15 Probate Courts; Districts, Jurisdiction. - Sec. 15. In each county organized for judicial purposes there...

Article VI § 16 Probate Judges; Nomination, Election, Terms. - Sec. 16. One or more judges of probate as provided...

Article VI § 17 Judicial Salaries and Fees. - Sec. 17. No judge or justice of any court of...

Article VI § 18 Salaries; Uniformity, Changes During Term. - Sec. 18. Salaries of justices of the supreme court, of...

Article VI § 19 Courts of Record; Seal, Qualifications of Judges. - Sec. 19. (1) The supreme court, the court of appeals,...

Article VI § 20 Removal of Domicile of Judge. - Sec. 20. Whenever a justice or judge removes his domicile...

Article VI § 21 Ineligibility for Other Office. - Sec. 21. Any justice or judge of a court of...

Article VI § 22 Incumbent Judges, Affidavit of Candidacy. - Sec. 22. Any judge of the court of appeals, circuit...

Article VI § 23 Judicial Vacancies, Filling; Appointee, Term; Successor; New Offices. - Sec. 23. A vacancy shall occur in the office of...

Article VI § 24 Incumbent Judges, Ballot Designation. - Sec. 24. There shall be printed upon the ballot under...

Article VI § 25 Removal of Judges From Office. - Sec. 25. For reasonable cause, which is not sufficient ground...

Article VI § 26 Circuit Court Commissioners and Justices of the Peace, Abolition; Courts of Limited Jurisdiction. - Sec. 26. The offices of circuit court commissioner and justice...

Article VI § 27 Power of Appointment to Public Office. - Sec. 27. The supreme court, the court of appeals, the...

Article VI § 28 Administrative Action, Review. - Sec. 28. All final decisions, findings, rulings and orders of...

Article VI § 29 Conservators of the Peace. - Sec. 29. Justices of the supreme court, judges of the...

Article VI § 30 Judicial Tenure Commission; Selection; Terms; Duties; Power of Supreme Court. - Sec. 30. (1) A judicial tenure commission is established consisting...

Article VII - Local Government (Article VII § 1...§ 34)

Article VII § 1 Counties; Corporate Character, Powers and Immunities. - Sec. 1. Each organized county shall be a body corporate...

Article VII § 2 County Charters. - Sec. 2. Any county may frame, adopt, amend or repeal...

Article VII § 3 Reduction of Size of County. - Sec. 3. No organized county shall be reduced by the...

Article VII § 4 County Officers; Terms, Combination. - Sec. 4. There shall be elected for four-year terms in...

Article VII § 5 Offices at County Seat. - Sec. 5. The sheriff, county clerk, county treasurer and register...

Article VII § 6 Sheriffs; Security, Responsibility for Acts, Ineligibility for Other Office. - Sec. 6. The sheriff may be required by law to...

Article VII § 7 Boards of Supervisors; Members. - Sec. 7. A board of supervisors shall be established in...

Article VII § 8 Legislative, Administrative, and Other Powers and Duties of Boards. - Sec. 8. Boards of supervisors shall have legislative, administrative and...

Article VII § 9 Compensation of County Officers. - Sec. 9. Boards of supervisors shall have exclusive power to...

Article VII § 10 Removal of County Seat. - Sec. 10. A county seat once established shall not be...

Article VII § 11 Indebtedness, Limitation. - Sec. 11. No county shall incur any indebtedness which shall...

Article VII § 12 Navigable Streams, Permission to Bridge or Dam. - Sec. 12. A navigable stream shall not be bridged or...

Article VII § 13 Consolidation of Counties, Approval by Electors. - Sec. 13. Two or more contiguous counties may combine into...

Article VII § 14 Organization and Consolidation of Townships. - Sec. 14. The board of supervisors of each organized county...

Article VII § 15 County Intervention in Public Utility Service and Rate Proceedings. - Sec. 15. Any county, when authorized by its board of...

Article VII § 16 Highways, Bridges, Culverts, Airports; Road Tax Limitation. - Sec. 16. The legislature may provide for the laying out,...

Article VII § 17 Townships; Corporate Character, Powers and Immunities. - Sec. 17. Each organized township shall be a body corporate...

Article VII § 18 Township Officers; Term, Powers and Duties. - Sec. 18. In each organized township there shall be elected...

Article VII § 19 Township Public Utility Franchises. - Sec. 19. No organized township shall grant any public utility...

Article VII § 20 Townships, Dissolution; Villages as Cities. - Sec. 20. The legislature shall provide by law for the...

Article VII § 21 Cities and Villages; Incorporation, Taxes, Indebtedness. - Sec. 21. The legislature shall provide by general laws for...

Article VII § 22 Charters, Resolutions, Ordinances; Enumeration of Powers. - Sec. 22. Under general laws the electors of each city...

Article VII § 23 Parks, Boulevards, Cemeteries, Hospitals. - Sec. 23. Any city or village may acquire, own, establish...

Article VII § 24 Public Service Facilities. - Sec. 24. Subject to this constitution, any city or village...

Article VII § 25 Public Utilities; Acquisition, Franchises, Sale. - Sec. 25. No city or village shall acquire any public...

Article VII § 26 Cities and Villages, Loan of Credit. - Sec. 26. Except as otherwise provided in this constitution, no...

Article VII § 27 Metropolitan Governments and Authorities. - Sec. 27. Notwithstanding any other provision of this constitution the...

Article VII § 28 Governmental Functions and Powers; Joint Administration, Costs and Credits, Transfers. - Sec. 28. The legislature by general law shall authorize two...

Article VII § 29 Highways, Streets, Alleys, Public Places; Control, Use by Public Utilities. - Sec. 29. No person, partnership, association or corporation, public or...

Article VII § 30 Franchises and Licenses, Duration. - Sec. 30. No franchise or license shall be granted by...

Article VII § 31 Vacation or Alteration of Roads, Streets, Alleys, Public Places. - Sec. 31. The legislature shall not vacate or alter any...

Article VII § 32 Budgets, Public Hearing. - Sec. 32. Any county, township, city, village, authority or school...

Article VII § 33 Removal of Elected Officers. - Sec. 33. Any elected officer of a political subdivision may...

Article VII § 34 Construction of Constitution and Law Concerning Counties, Townships, Cities, Villages. - Sec. 34. The provisions of this constitution and law concerning...

Article VIII - Education (Article VIII § 1...§ 9)

Article VIII § 1 Encouragement of Education. - Sec. 1. Religion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good...

Article VIII § 2 Free Public Elementary and Secondary Schools; Discrimination. - Sec. 2. The legislature shall maintain and support a system...

Article VIII § 3 State Board of Education; Duties. - Sec. 3. Leadership and general supervision over all public education,...

Article VIII § 4 Higher Education Institutions; Appropriations, Accounting, Public Sessions of Boards. - Sec. 4. The legislature shall appropriate moneys to maintain the...

Article VIII § 5 University of Michigan, Michigan State University, Wayne State University; Controlling Boards. - Sec. 5. The regents of the University of Michigan and...

Article VIII § 6 Other Institutions of Higher Education, Controlling Boards. - Sec. 6. Other institutions of higher education established by law...

Article VIII § 7 Community and Junior Colleges; State Board, Members, Terms, Vacancies. - Sec. 7. The legislature shall provide by law for the...

Article VIII § 8 Services for Disabled Persons. - Sec. 8. Institutions, programs, and services for the care, treatment,...

Article VIII § 9 Public Libraries, Fines. - Sec. 9. The legislature shall provide by law for the...

Article IX - Finance and Taxation (Article IX § 1...§ 42)

Article IX § 1 Taxes for State Expenses. - Sec. 1. The legislature shall impose taxes sufficient with other...

Article IX § 2 Power of Taxation, Relinquishment. - Sec. 2. The power of taxation shall never be surrendered,...

Article IX § 3 Property Taxation; Uniformity; Assessments; Limitations; Classes; Approval of Legislature. - Sec. 3. The legislature shall provide for the uniform general...

Article IX § 4 Exemption of Religious or Educational Nonprofit Organizations. - Sec. 4. Property owned and occupied by non-profit religious or...

Article IX § 5 Assessment of Property of Public Service Businesses. - Sec. 5. The legislature shall provide for the assessment by...

Article IX § 6 Real and Tangible Personal Property; Limitation on General Ad Valorem Taxes; Adoption and Alteration of Separate Tax Limitations; Exceptions to Limitations; Property Tax on School District Extending Into 2 or More Counties. - Section 6. Except as otherwise provided in this constitution, the...

Article IX § 7 Income Tax. - Sec. 7. No income tax graduated as to rate or...

Article IX § 8 Sales and Use Taxes. - Sec. 8. Except as provided in this section, the Legislature...

Article IX § 9 Use of Specific Taxes on Fuels for Transportation Purposes; Authorization of Indebtedness and Issuance of Obligations. - Sec. 9. All specific taxes, except general sales and use...

Article IX § 10 Sales Tax; Distribution to Local Governments. - Sec. 10. Fifteen percent of all taxes imposed on retailers...

Article IX § 11 State School Aid Fund; Source; Distribution; Guarantee to Local School District. - Sec. 11. There shall be established a state school aid...

Article IX § 12 Evidence of State Indebtedness. - Sec. 12. No evidence of state indebtedness shall be issued...

Article IX § 13 Public Bodies, Borrowing Power. - Sec. 13. Public bodies corporate shall have power to borrow...

Article IX § 14 State Borrowing; Short Term. - Sec. 14. To meet obligations incurred pursuant to appropriations for...

Article IX § 15 Long Term Borrowing by State. - Sec. 15. The state may borrow money for specific purposes...

Article IX § 16 State Loans to School Districts. - Sec. 16. The state, in addition to any other borrowing...

Article IX § 17 Payments From State Treasury. - Sec. 17. No money shall be paid out of the...

Article IX § 18 State Credit. - Sec. 18. The credit of the state shall not be...

Article IX § 19 Subscription to or Interest in Stock by State Prohibited; Exceptions. - Sec. 19. The state shall not subscribe to, nor be...

Article IX § 20 Deposit of State Money in Certain Financial Institutions; Requirements. - Sec. 20. No state money shall be deposited in banks,...

Article IX § 21 Accounting for Public Moneys. - Sec. 21. The legislature shall provide by law for the...

Article IX § 22 Examination and Adjustment of Claims Against State. - Sec. 22. Procedures for the examination and adjustment of claims...

Article IX § 23 Financial Records; Statement of Revenues and Expenditures. - Sec. 23. All financial records, accountings, audit reports and other...

Article IX § 24 Public Pension Plans and Retirement Systems, Obligation. - Sec. 24. The accrued financial benefits of each pension plan...

Article IX § 25 Voter Approval of Increased Local Taxes; Prohibitions; Emergency Conditions; Repayment of Bonded Indebtedness Guaranteed; Implementation of Section. - Sec. 25. Property taxes and other local taxes and state...

Article IX § 26 Limitation on Taxes; Revenue Limit; Refunding or Transferring Excess Revenues; Exceptions to Revenue Limitation; Adjustment of State Revenue and Spending Limits. - Sec. 26. There is hereby established a limit on the...

Article IX § 27 Exceeding Revenue Limit; Conditions. - Sec. 27. The revenue limit of Section 26 of this...

Article IX § 28 Limitation on Expenses of State Government. - Sec. 28. No expenses of state government shall be incurred...

Article IX § 29 State Financing of Activities or Services Required of Local Government by State Law. - Sec. 29. The state is hereby prohibited from reducing the...

Article IX § 30 Reduction of State Spending Paid to Units of Local Government. - Sec. 30. The proportion of total state spending paid to...

Article IX § 31 Levying Tax or Increasing Rate of Existing Tax; Maximum Tax Rate on New Base; Increase in Assessed Valuation of Property; Exceptions to Limitations. - Sec. 31. Units of Local Government are hereby prohibited from...

Article IX § 32 Suit to Enforce Sections 25 to 31. - Sec. 32. Any taxpayer of the state shall have standing...

Article IX § 33 Definitions Applicable to Sections 25 to 32. - Sec. 33. Definitions. The definitions of this section shall apply...

Article IX § 34 Implementation of Sections 25 to 33. - Sec. 34. The Legislature shall implement the provisions of Sections...

Article IX § 35 Michigan Natural Resources Trust Fund. - Sec. 35. (1) There is hereby established the Michigan natural...

Article IX § 35a Michigan State Parks Endowment Fund. - Sec. 35a. (1) There is hereby established the Michigan state...

Article IX § 36 Tax on Tobacco Products; Dedication of Proceeds. - Sec. 36. Six percent of the proceeds of the tax...

Article IX § 37 Michigan Veterans' Trust Fund. - Sec. 37. The Michigan veterans' trust fund is established within...

Article IX § 38 Michigan Veterans' Trust Fund Board of Trustees; Establishment. - Sec. 38. The Michigan veterans' trust fund board of trustees...

Article IX § 39 Michigan Veterans' Trust Fund Board of Trustees; Administration of Trust Fund. - Sec. 39. The Michigan veterans' trust fund board of trustees...

Article IX § 40 Michigan Conservation and Recreation Legacy Fund. - Sec. 40. The Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund is...

Article IX § 41 Michigan Game and Fish Protection Trust Fund. - Sec. 41. The Michigan game and fish protection trust fund...

Article IX § 42 Michigan Nongame Fish and Wildlife Trust Fund. - Sec. 42. The Michigan nongame fish and wildlife trust fund...

Article X - Property (Article X § 1...§ 6)

Article X § 1 Disabilities of Coverture Abolished; Separate Property of Wife; Dower. - Sec. 1. The disabilities of coverture as to property are...

Article X § 2 Eminent Domain; Compensation. - Sec. 2. Private property shall not be taken for public...

Article X § 3 Homestead and Personalty, Exemption From Process. - Sec. 3. A homestead in the amount of not less...

Article X § 4 Escheats. - Sec. 4. Procedures relating to escheats and to the custody...

Article X § 5 State Lands. - Sec. 5. The legislature shall have general supervisory jurisdiction over...

Article X § 6 Resident Aliens, Property Rights. - Sec. 6. Aliens who are residents of this state shall...

Article XI - Public Officers and Employment (Article XI § 1...§ 8)

Article XI § 1 Oath of Public Officers. - Sec. 1. All officers, legislative, executive and judicial, before entering...

Article XI § 2 Terms of Office of State and County Officers. - Sec. 2. The terms of office of elective state officers,...

Article XI § 3 Extra Compensation. - Sec. 3. Neither the legislature nor any political subdivision of...

Article XI § 4 Custodian of Public Moneys; Eligibility to Office, Accounting. - Sec. 4. No person having custody or control of public...

Article XI § 5 Classified State Civil Service; Scope; Exempted Positions; Appointment and Terms of Members of State Civil Service Commission; State Personnel Director; Duties of Commission; Collective Bargaining for State Police Troopers and Sergeant... - Sec. 5. The classified state civil service shall consist of...

Article XI § 6 Merit Systems for Local Governments. - Sec. 6. By ordinance or resolution of its governing body...

Article XI § 7 Impeachment of Civil Officers. - Sec. 7. The house of representatives shall have the sole...

Article XI § 8 Convictions for Certain Felonies; Eligibility for Elective Office or Certain Positions of Public Employment. - Sec. 8. A person is ineligible for election or appointment...

Article XII - Amendment and Revision (Article XII § 1...§ 4)

Article XII § 1 Amendment by Legislative Proposal and Vote of Electors. - Sec. 1. Amendments to this constitution may be proposed in...

Article XII § 2 Amendment by Petition and Vote of Electors. - Sec. 2. Amendments may be proposed to this constitution by...

Article XII § 3 General Revision of Constitution; Submission of Question, Convention Delegates and Meeting. - Sec. 3. At the general election to be held in...

Article XII § 4 Severability. - Sec. 4. If any section, subsection or part of Article...

Article SCHEDULE

Schedule § 1 Recommendations by Attorney General for Changes in Laws. - Sec. 1. The attorney general shall recommend to the legislature...

Schedule § 2 Existing Public and Private Rights, Continuance. - Sec. 2. All writs, actions, suits, proceedings, civil or criminal...

Schedule § 3 Officers, Continuance in Office. - Sec. 3. Except as otherwise provided in this constitution, all...

Schedule § 4 Officers Elected in Spring of 1963, Term. - Sec. 4. All officers elected at the same election that...

Schedule § 5 State Elective Executive Officers and Senators, 2 and 4 Year Terms. - Sec. 5. Notwithstanding any other provision in this constitution, the...

Schedule § 6 Supreme Court, Reduction to 7 Justices. - Sec. 6. Notwithstanding the provisions of this constitution that the...

Schedule § 7 Judges of Probate, Eligibility for Re-Election. - Sec. 7. Any judge of probate serving on the effective...

Schedule § 8 Judicial Officers, Staggered Terms. - Sec. 8. The provisions of Article VI providing that terms...

Schedule § 9 State Board of Education; First Election, Terms. - Sec. 9. The members of the state board of education...

Schedule § 10 Boards Controlling Higher Education Institutions and State Board of Public Community and Junior Colleges, Terms. - Sec. 10. The provisions of this constitution providing for members...

Schedule § 11 Michigan State University Trustees and Wayne State University Governors, Terms. - Sec. 11. The provisions of this constitution increasing the number...

Schedule § 12 Initial Allocation of Departments by Law or Executive Order. - Sec. 12. The initial allocation of departments by law pursuant...

Schedule § 13 State Contracts, Continuance. - Sec. 13. Contractual obligations of the state incurred pursuant to...

Schedule § 14 Mackinac Bridge Authority; Refunding of Bonds, Transfer of Functions to Highway Department. - Sec. 14. The legislature by a vote of two-thirds of...

Schedule § 15 Submission of Constitution; Time, Notice. - Sec. 15. This constitution shall be submitted to the people...

Schedule § 16 Voters, Ballots, Effective Date. - Sec. 16. Every registered elector may vote on the adoption...

Schedule SigBlock Vote Record. - Sec. 0. Adopted by the Constitutional Convention of nineteen hundred...

Michigan Compiled Laws Chapter 1 - Constitution of The State of Michigan of 1963 CONSTITUTION OF MICHIGAN OF 1963 - State Constitution (Article I § 1 - § 0)

Michigan Compiled Laws
Chapter 1 - Constitution of The State of Michigan of 1963
CONSTITUTION OF MICHIGAN OF 1963 - State Constitution (Article I § 1 - § 0)