Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes
Act 65 - FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT ACT - REPLACING REFERENCES TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY AFFAIRS WITH THE PENNSYLVANIA EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, REPEALING PROVISIONS RELATED TO APPROPRIATIONS, MAKING A RELATED REPEAL AND EDITORIAL CHANGES

Session of 2022
No. 2022-65
 
HB 1598
 
AN ACT
 
Amending the act of October 4, 1978 (P.L.851, No.166), entitled "An act providing
for the regulation of land and water use for flood control purposes, imposing duties
and conferring powers on the Department of Community Affairs, the Department of Environmental
Resources, and municipalities, providing for penalties and enforcement and making
appropriations," replacing references to the Department of Community Affairs with
the Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency; in miscellaneous and appropriations,
repealing provisions related to appropriations; making a related repeal; and making
editorial changes.

 
The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hereby enacts as follows:
 
Section 1.  The title of the act of October 4, 1978 (P.L.851, No.166), known as the Flood Plain
Management Act, is amended to read:

AN ACT
Providing for the regulation of land and water use for flood control purposes, imposing
duties and conferring powers on the [Department of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency, the Department of Environmental [Resources] Protection, and municipalities, providing for penalties and enforcement and making appropriations.

Section 2.  The definition of "department" in section 104 of the act is repealed:
Section 104.  Definitions.
The following words and phrases when used in this act shall have, unless the context
clearly indicates otherwise, the meanings given to them in this section:

["Department."  The Department of Community Affairs of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.]
* * *
Section 3.  Sections 205, 206, 207, 301, 302(b), 401, 402, 403, 404, 501 and 502 of the act are
amended to read:

Section 205.  [Department review] Review and approval of municipal flood plain management regulations.

(a)  The [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall, in consultation with the Department of Environmental [Resources] Protection, review and approve all municipal flood plain management regulations, and amendments
thereto, for the purpose of assuring that such regulations comply with the requirements
of the National Flood Insurance Program and that such regulations are coordinated
and uniformly enforced throughout each watershed.

(b)  The [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency, in consultation with the Department of Environmental [Resources] Protection, shall adopt, and periodically review and amend, regulations including but not limited
to:

(1)  Criteria and standards for the coordination and uniform enforcement of municipal flood
plain management regulations under the National Flood Insurance Program.

(2)  Procedures, requirements and standards for submission, review and approval of municipal
flood plain management regulations pursuant to this section.

(c)  Prior to adoption of [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency regulations pursuant to this section, the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall hold at least one public hearing, after public notice, in each major river
basin of the Commonwealth. Prior to any amendment of [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency regulations, the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall hold at least one public hearing after public notice.

Section 206.  Municipalities [required to comply] compliance with [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency regulations.

Each municipality participating in the National Flood Insurance Program shall comply
with any regulations adopted by the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency pursuant to this chapter within six months of the effective date of such regulations.
A municipality shall be deemed to have complied with [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency regulations if it has received [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency approval as provided for in this chapter. The [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall not adopt regulations more strict than the regulations of the National Flood
Insurance Program and shall not require the regulations of the municipalities to be
more strict than the regulations of the National Flood Insurance Program: Provided,
however, That these limitations shall not apply to section 207 or the special hazards
under sections 301 and 302.

Section 207.  Regulations to prohibit development which has been determined as dangerous to human
life.

The regulations promulgated by the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall prohibit the construction or substantial improvement of structures in an area
which has been determined by the Environmental Quality Board as a flood hazard area
on a flood insurance rate map promulgated by the Department of Housing and Urban Development
which may endanger human life.

Section 301.  Obstructions posting special hazards in flood plains.
(a)  The [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall by regulation publish a list of obstructions which it determines present a
special hazard to the health and safety of the public or occupants or may result in
significant pollution, increased flood levels or flows or debris endangering life
and property, if such obstructions are located in all or a designated portion of the
flood plain. These obstructions are limited to: hospitals, nursing homes, jails, new
mobile home parks, subdivision or substantial additions to mobile home parks or subdivisions.

(b)  Construction of any structure or commencement of any activity listed as a special
hazard by [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency regulations in a flood plain or such portion of the flood plain designated by the
regulations shall be prohibited except in accordance with a special exception issued
pursuant to this section.

(c)  A municipality administering flood plain management regulations may issue a special
exception if the applicant demonstrates and the municipality determines that the structure
or activity will be located, constructed and maintained in a manner which:

(1)  will fully protect the health and safety of the public or occupants;
(2)  will prevent any significant possibility of pollution, increased flood levels or flows,
or debris endangering life and property; and

(3)  will comply with the requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program.
Approval of any special exception shall be conditioned upon compliance with all feasible
floodproofing and other requirements necessary to minimize damage, and the hindrance
of flood flows and to minimize potential danger to life and property.

(d)  Written notice of municipal approval of a special exception shall be filed with the
[department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency. The special exception shall become effective 30 days following the receipt of notice
by the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency unless the special exception is disapproved by the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency. If the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency disapproves a special exception, it shall notify the municipality and applicant of
the reasons for disapproval.

Section 302.  Exclusive State jurisdiction over certain   obstructions in flood plains.
* * *
(b)  No person shall construct, modify, remove, abandon or destroy any structure or engage
in any activity specified in subsection (a) in the 100-year flood plain unless such
person has first applied for and obtained a permit from the Department of Environmental
[Resources] Protection. The [department] Department of Environmental Protection may impose such permit terms and conditions as it deems necessary to carry out the
purposes of this act. The permit shall become effective 60 days following the receipt
of the application by the [department]  Department of Environmental Protection unless the application is disapproved by the [department] Department of Environmental Protection. If the [department] Department of Environmental Protection disapproves the application it shall notify the applicant of the reasons for disapproval.

* * *
Section 401.  Powers and duties [of the Department of Community   Affairs and the Department of Environmental   Resources].
(a)  The [Department of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall have the power and its duty shall be to:

(1)  Coordinate the administration of municipal flood plain management regulations in the
Commonwealth.

(2)  Require the submission of municipal flood plain management regulations and municipal
records and reports, as necessary to carry out the purposes of this act.

(3)  Provide technical assistance for the purpose of assisting municipalities in complying
with the provisions of this act.

(4)  Draft, publish and approve, for use by municipalities, model flood plain ordinances,
codes and regulations which comply with the requirements of the National Flood Insurance
Program and the regulations adopted pursuant to this act.

(b)  The [Department of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency and the Department of Environmental [Resources] Protection shall exercise the joint powers and their duties shall be to:

(1)  Cooperate with appropriate agencies of the United States or of other states or any
interstate agencies with respect to the planning and management of flood plains.

(2)  Serve as the agencies of the Commonwealth for the receipt of moneys from the Federal
Government or other public or private agencies or persons and expend such moneys as
appropriated by the General Assembly for studies and research with respect to the
planning and management of flood plains.

Section 402.  Additional powers and duties [of the Department of   Community Affairs, Department of Environmental Resources and municipalities].
In conjunction with their responsibilities otherwise provided under this act, the
[Department of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency, the Department of Environmental [Resources] Protection and every municipality administering flood plain management regulations shall have
the additional power and its duty shall be to:

(1)  Investigate complaints and conduct surveys of flood plains and obstructions.
(2)  Institute prosecutions and civil proceedings to enforce the provisions of this act.
(3)  Conduct educational programs with respect to flood plain management.
(4)  Establish reasonable fees for permit processing for the program that the agency or
municipality administers.

(5)  Do any other acts not inconsistent with this act which are necessary or proper for
its effective implementation.

Section 403.  Inspections.
(a)  An agent or employee of the [Department of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency, the Department of Environmental [Resources] Protection, or of a municipality administering flood plain management regulations shall have
the power and duty to, upon presentation of proper credentials:

(1)  Enter any land for the purpose of surveying flood plains.
(2)  Enter any land in a flood plain for the purpose of ascertaining the location and condition
of obstructions.

(3)  Enter land or, while under construction, any structure located in a flood plain for
the purpose of ascertaining the compliance or noncompliance with the flood plain management
regulations adopted pursuant to this act.

(b)  Whenever an agent or employee of the [Department of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency, the Department of Environmental [Resources] Protection, or municipality charged with the enforcement of the provisions of this act has been
refused access to property for the purposes of conducting a survey or inspection as
authorized by this section or reasonably requires access to such property without
prior notice to the owner, such agent or employee may apply for an inspection warrant
to any Commonwealth official authorized by law to issue a search or inspection warrant
to enable him or her to have access and inspect such property. It shall be sufficient
probable cause to issue an inspection warrant that the inspection is necessary to
properly enforce the provisions of this act.

Section 404.  Grants and reimbursements to municipalities and counties.
(a)  The [Department of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency is authorized to administer grants to municipalities and counties to assist or reimburse
them for costs in preparing official plans and actual administrative enforcement and
implementation costs and revisions to official plans for flood plain management required
by this act, and for carrying out related studies, surveys, investigations, research
and analyses. Grants and reimbursements shall be made from and to the extent of funds
appropriated by the General Assembly for such purposes, and shall be made in accordance
to rules and regulations adopted by the [Department of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency and in accordance with the following:

(1)  The grant shall be equal to:
(i)  50% of the allowable costs for preparation of official plans, administrative, enforcement
and implementation costs required by this act, and revisions of official plans incurred
by any municipality or county which prior to the effective date of this act adopted
a flood area management program which complies with Title 24, section 1910.3(c) or
1910.3(d) of the regulations of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal
Insurance Administration; or

(ii)  50% of the allowable costs for preparation of official plans, administrative, enforcement
and implementation costs required by this act, and revisions of official plans incurred
by any municipality or county not covered by subclause (i); and

(iii)  50% of the allowable costs for administration of official plans incurred by any municipality
or county. Allowable costs for administration of official plans shall not include
those costs which are offset by reasonable permit fees imposed by the municipality
or county.

(2)  For the purposes of this section, such State grants shall be in addition to grants
for similar purposes made to any municipality or county by the Federal Government:
Provided, That the grants authorized by this section shall be limited such that the
total of all State and Federal grants does not exceed 50% of the allowable costs incurred
by the municipality or county.

(b)  Nothing in this section shall be construed to impair or limit application of this
act to any municipality or person, or to relieve any municipality or person of duties
imposed under this act.

(c)  If, in any fiscal year, appropriations are insufficient to cover the costs or grants
and reimbursements to all municipalities or counties eligible for such grants and
reimbursements in that fiscal year, the [Department of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall report such fact to the General Assembly and shall request appropriation of
funds necessary to provide the grants authorized in this section. If such a deficiency
appropriation is not enacted, any municipality or county which has not received the
full amount of the grant for which it is eligible under this section shall be as a
first priority reimbursed from appropriations made in the next successive fiscal year.

Section 501.  Penalties.
(a)  If the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency finds that a municipality has failed to comply with any requirement of Chapter 2,
or any [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency regulations adopted pursuant thereto, the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall provide a written notice of violation to the municipality.

(b)  Within 60 days of receipt of the notice of violation, the municipality shall report
to the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency the action which it is taking to comply with the requirement or regulation.

(c)  If within 180 days of receipt of the notice of violation, the municipality has failed
to comply with such requirement or regulation, as determined by the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency, the [Secretary of Community Affairs] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency shall notify the State Treasurer to withhold payment of all funds payable to the
municipality from the General Fund or any other fund. Upon notification, the State
Treasurer shall hold in escrow all moneys due to such municipality from the Commonwealth
until such time as the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency notifies the State Treasurer that the municipality has complied with such requirement
or regulation.

Section 502.  Civil remedies.
(a)  Any obstruction or conduct in violation of this act or of any flood plain management
regulations is hereby declared a public nuisance.

(b)  Suits to restrain, prevent or abate violation of this act or of any flood plain management
regulations may be instituted in equity or at law by the [department] Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency, the Department of Environmental [Resources] Protection, any affected county or municipality, or any aggrieved person. Such proceedings may
be prosecuted in the Commonwealth Court, or in the court of common pleas of the county
where the obstruction exists, conduct occurs, or the public affected, and to that
end jurisdiction is hereby conferred in law and equity upon such courts. Except in
cases of emergency where, in the opinion of the court, the circumstances of the case
require immediate abatement of the unlawful obstruction or conduct, the court may,
in its decree, fix a reasonable time during which the person responsible for the unlawful
obstruction or conduct shall correct or abate the same. The expense of such proceedings
shall be recoverable from the violator in such manner as may now or hereafter be provided
by law.

Section 4.  Section 602 of the act is repealed:  
[Section 602.  Appropriations.
(a)  The sum of $750,000, or as much thereof as may be necessary, is hereby appropriated
for the fiscal period beginning July 1, 1978, and ending June 30, 1979, to the Department
of Community Affairs for the purposes of administrative and general expenses in implementing
the provisions of this act.

(b)  The sum of $250,000, or as much thereof as may be necessary, is hereby appropriated
for the fiscal period beginning July 1, 1978, and ending June 30, 1979, to the Department
of Environmental Resources for the purposes of this act.]

Section 5.  All activities initiated by the Department of Community Affairs or the Department
of Community and Economic Development shall continue and remain in full force and
effect and may be completed by the Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency. Orders,
regulations, rules and decisions which were made by the Department of Community Affairs
or the Department of Community and Economic Development and which are in effect on
the effective date of this section shall remain in full force and effect until revoked,
vacated or modified by the Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency. Contracts, obligations
and collective bargaining agreements entered into by the Department of Community Affairs
or the Department of Community and Economic Development are not affected nor impaired
by the replacement of the Department of Community and Economic Development with the
Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency.

Section 6.  Repeals are as follows:
(1)  The General Assembly declares that the repeal under paragraph (2) is necessary to
effectuate the amendment or repeal of the title, the definition of "department" in
section 104, sections 205, 206, 207, 301, 302(b), 401, 402, 403, 404, 501, 502 and
602 of the act and section 5 of this act.

(2)  Article V-B of the act of April 9, 1929 (P.L.177, No.175), known as The Administrative
Code of 1929, is repealed.

Section 7.  This act shall take effect in 60 days.
 
APPROVED--The 11th day of July, A.D. 2022.
 
TOM WOLF

Structure Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes