Connecticut General Statutes
Chapter 446k - Water Pollution Control
Section 22a-449f. - Application for reimbursement for claims resulting from release of petroleum.

(a) Application. Notice of claim. A responsible party may apply to the commissioner for reimbursement for costs paid and payment of costs incurred as a result of a release, or a suspected release, including costs of investigating and remediating a release, or a suspected release, incurred or paid by such party who is determined not to have been liable for any such release. If a person other than a responsible party claims to have suffered bodily injury, property damage or damage to natural resources from a release, the person with such claim shall make reasonable attempts to provide written notice to the responsible party of such claim and if such person cannot provide such notice or if the responsible party does not apply to the commissioner for payment of such claim not later than sixty days after receipt of such notice or such other time as may be agreed to by the parties, the person holding such claim may apply to the commissioner for payment for such damage or bodily injury.

(b) Approval by commissioner or licensed environmental professional. (1) In addition to all other applicable requirements, a person seeking payment or reimbursement from the underground storage tank petroleum clean-up program established pursuant to section 22a-449c shall demonstrate that when the total costs, expenses or other obligations in response to a release or suspected release (A) are two hundred fifty thousand dollars or less, all labor, equipment and materials provided after October 1, 2005, and all services and activities undertaken after October 1, 2005, are approved, in writing, either by the commissioner or by a licensed environmental professional with a currently valid and effective license issued pursuant to section 22a-133v; and (B) exceed two hundred fifty thousand dollars, all labor, equipment and materials provided after October 1, 2005, and all services and activities undertaken after October 1, 2005, are approved, in writing, by the commissioner, provided the commissioner may authorize, in writing, a licensed environmental professional with a currently valid and effective license issued pursuant to section 22a-133v to approve, in writing, such labor, equipment, materials, services and activities, in lieu of the commissioner. The provisions of this subsection shall apply to all costs, expenses or other obligations for which a person is seeking payment or reimbursement from the program and the commissioner shall not order or make payment or reimbursement from the program for any cost, expense or other obligation, unless the person seeking such payment or reimbursement provides the written approval required by this subdivision. Any written approval provided by a licensed environmental professional pursuant to this subdivision shall be submitted with the application for payment or reimbursement. Any written approval provided by the commissioner pursuant to this subdivision shall not constitute an approval pursuant to any other provision of the general statutes or any regulation.
(2) The fees charged by a licensed environmental professional regarding labor or services rendered in response to a release or suspected release may be included in any application or request for payment or reimbursement from the program. The amount to be paid or reimbursed for such fees may also be established in the schedule adopted by the commissioner pursuant to subsection (b) of section 22a-449e.
(3) Providing it is true and accurate, a licensed environmental professional shall submit an executed certification regarding any approval provided under subdivision (1) of this subsection and section 22a-449p that reads: “I hereby agree that all of the labor, equipment, materials, services, and activities described in or covered by this certification were appropriate under the circumstances to abate an emergency or were performed as part of a plan specifically designed to ensure that the release or suspected release is or has been investigated in accordance with prevailing standards and guidelines and remediated consistent with and to achieve compliance with the remediation standards adopted under section 22a-133k of the general statutes.”. The commissioner shall not order or make payment or reimbursement from the program if an application relying upon approval from a licensed environmental professional pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection does not include such certification of approval.
(c) Conditions for reimbursement or payment. The commissioner shall order reimbursement or payment from the program for any cost paid or incurred, as the case may be, if, (1) such cost is or was incurred after July 5, 1989, (2) a responsible party was or would have been required to demonstrate financial responsibility under 40 CFR Part 280.90 et seq. as said regulation was published in the Federal Register of October 26, 1988, for the underground storage tank or underground storage tank system from which the release emanated, whether or not such party is required to comply with said requirements on the date any such cost is incurred, provided if the state is the responsible party, the commissioner may order payment, within available resources, without regard to whether the state was or would have been required to demonstrate financial responsibility under said sections 40 CFR Part 280.90 et seq., (3) after the release, if any, the responsible party incurred a cost, expense or obligation for investigation, cleanup or for claims of a person other than a responsible party resulting from the release, provided any such claim shall be required to be finally adjudicated or settled with the prior written approval of the commissioner before an application for reimbursement or payment is made, (4) the commissioner determines that the cost, expense or other obligation is reasonable and that there are not grounds for recovery specified in subdivision (1) or (3) of subsection (g) of this section, (5) the responsible party notified the commissioner, as soon as practicable, of the release and of any other claim by a person other than a responsible party, resulting from the release, in accordance with the regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-449e, (6) the responsible party, or, if a person other than a responsible party applies for payment or reimbursement from the program, then such person demonstrates the remediation, including any monitoring to determine the effectiveness of the remediation, for which payment or reimbursement is sought is not more stringent than that required by the remediation standards established pursuant to section 22a-133k, except to the extent the responsible party or such person demonstrates that it has been directed otherwise, in writing, by the commissioner, (7) the responsible party, or, if a person other than a responsible party applies for payment or reimbursement, then such person demonstrates that it does not have insurance, or a contract or other agreement to provide payment or reimbursement for any cost, expense or other obligation incurred in response to a release or suspected release, or if there is any such insurance, contract or other agreement, that any insurance coverage has been denied or is insufficient to cover the costs, expenses or other obligations, paid or incurred or that any contract or other agreement is not able to or is insufficient to cover the costs, expenses or other obligations, paid or incurred, for which payment or reimbursement is sought, (8) the responsible party demonstrates and the commissioner determines that one of the milestones noted in section 22a-449p has been completed, (9) the commissioner determines what, if any, reductions to the amounts sought should be made based upon the compliance evaluations performed pursuant to subsection (d) of this section, and (10) at the time any application or request for payment or reimbursement, including any supplemental application or request, is submitted (A) for applications submitted on or after October 1, 2007, there is no underground storage tank system subject to the financial responsibility demonstration required in subdivision (2) of this subsection dispensing petroleum on the property where the release or suspected release emanated or occurred, and if the application is submitted by the person who owns or operates or who owned or operated the underground storage tank system at the time of the release, such person demonstrates, in addition to all other applicable requirements, that lack of compliance with provisions of the general statutes and regulations governing underground storage tank systems was not a proximate cause of the release or suspected release and that there are not grounds for recovery specified in subdivision (2) of subsection (g) of this section, or (B) for applications submitted prior to October 1, 2007, there is no underground storage tank system dispensing petroleum on the property where the release or suspected release emanated or occurred, and if the application is submitted by the person who owns or operates or who owned or operated the underground storage tank system at the time of the release, such person demonstrates, in addition to all other applicable requirements, that lack of compliance with provisions of the general statutes and regulations governing underground storage tank systems was not a proximate cause of the release or suspected release and that there are not grounds for recovery specified in subdivision (2) of subsection (g) of this section. Subdivision (10) of this subsection shall not apply to any application concerning a release of an underground storage tank system that was reported to the commissioner in September, 2003 where such system was owned or operated by a municipality or other political subdivision of the state at the time of the release and such system was removed on or before April 1, 2005. In acting on an application or a request for payment or reimbursement, the commissioner, using funds from the program, may contract with experts, including, but not limited to, attorneys and medical professionals, to better evaluate and defend against claims and negotiate claims by persons other than responsible parties. If a person other than a responsible party applies to the commissioner claiming to have suffered bodily injury, property damage or damage to natural resources, the commissioner shall order reimbursement or payment from the program if such person demonstrates that subdivisions (1), (2), (6) and (7) of this subsection are satisfied, the commissioner determines that as a result of a release or suspected release such person has suffered bodily injury, property damage or damage to natural resources, that the costs, expenses or other obligations incurred are reasonable and the person submitting such claim demonstrates that it has attempted to or has provided written notice of its claim to the responsible party as required in subsection (a) of this section and that the responsible party has not applied to the commissioner for payment or reimbursement of this claim. On or before June 30, 2005, if the commissioner denied reimbursement or provided for only partial payment or reimbursement from the program regarding a release, pursuant to subdivision (4) of this subsection, such denial or partial payment or reimbursement shall remain in effect and shall apply to all subsequent applications or requests for payment or reimbursement regarding such release.
(d) Compliance status of underground storage tank systems. Applicability. Evaluation. (1) Except as provided in this subsection, if at the time any application or request for payment or reimbursement is submitted to the commissioner, including any supplemental application or request, there is an underground storage tank system dispensing petroleum on the property where the release or suspected release emanated or occurred, such application or request shall not be deemed complete and shall not be acted upon by the commissioner unless such application or request includes a summary of the compliance status of all the underground storage tank systems on the subject property. Any such summary shall include an evaluation of compliance with the design, construction, installation, notification, general operating, release detecting, system upgrading, abandonment and removal date requirements of the regulations adopted pursuant to sections 22a-449 and 22a-449o and shall be prepared by an independent consultant on a form prescribed by or acceptable to the commissioner. The summary shall be based on an evaluation of said underground storage tank systems performed not more than one hundred eighty days before the commissioner receives an application or a request for reimbursement or payment, except that with respect to any provision of the subject regulations regarding record keeping, periodic monitoring or testing, the summary shall be based on an evaluation of a one-year period terminating within one hundred eighty days prior to the commissioner's receipt of an application or a request for payment or reimbursement. The summary shall also include a full description of all corrective measures that have been taken or that are being taken with regard to any noncompliance identified in the compliance evaluation performed pursuant to this subdivision.
(2) With respect to any initial application or request for payment or reimbursement regarding a release or suspected release the provisions of subdivision (1) of this subsection shall apply only to applications or requests received on or after January 1, 2006. With respect to any supplemental application or request for payment or reimbursement regarding a release or suspected release, the provisions of subdivision (1) of this subsection shall apply to each application or request submitted to the commissioner on or after January 1, 2006, regardless of when the initial application or request was submitted, except that submission of a compliance summary shall not be required if at the time a supplemental application or request is submitted, less than one year has passed since the performance of a compliance evaluation submitted with any prior application or request.
(3) The cost of hiring an independent consultant to perform a compliance evaluation, as required by this subsection, shall be eligible for payment or reimbursement up to a maximum of one thousand dollars per compliance evaluation, provided the evaluation is in conformance with the requirements of this subsection and includes all underground storage tank systems on the property where a release or suspected release emanated or occurred. If the schedule adopted by the commissioner pursuant to subsection (b) of section 22a-449e includes an amount for performing a compliance evaluation, upon adoption of any such schedule, the amount eligible for payment or reimbursement for performing a compliance evaluation shall be the amount prescribed in any such schedule.
(4) Nothing in this subsection shall affect the continued applicability of any decision of the commissioner to (A) deny reimbursement or payment, or (B) provide only partial payment or reimbursement regarding all applications or requests for payment or reimbursement. Any such decision shall remain in effect and shall not be subject to reconsideration or reevaluation as a result of this subsection.
(5) Except as provided for in this subdivision, if at the time any application or request for payment or reimbursement, including any supplemental application or request, is submitted, there is no underground storage tank system dispensing petroleum on the property where the release or suspected release emanated or occurred, any such application or request shall be subject to the provisions of subdivision (10) of subsection (c) of this section, even where a prior application or request was subject to the provisions of this subsection. The provisions of this subdivision shall not apply to an application or request for payment or reimbursement for annual groundwater remedial actions, including the preparation of a groundwater remedial action progress report, performed pursuant to subdivision (6) of section 22a-449p.
(e) Reduction of payment or reimbursement. Authority of commissioner. (1) If the compliance evaluation summary performed pursuant to subsection (d) of this section indicates that any of the violations noted in this subdivision exist with respect to any underground storage tank or underground storage tank system on the property at which a release or suspected release occurred and any such violations have not been fully corrected by the time an application or request for reimbursement is submitted to the commissioner, the commissioner shall reduce any payment or amount to be reimbursed as follows: (A) A one hundred per cent reduction of the payment or amount to be reimbursed for failure to meet the tank or piping construction requirements of section 22a-449o or the regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-449 or for failure to report the release to the commissioner as required by this section, (B) a seventy-five per cent reduction of the payment or amount to be reimbursed for failure to have properly functioning cathodic protection, spill prevention, overfill prevention, or release detection as required by the regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-449. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection, the commissioner may reduce any amount to be paid or reimbursed based on any other violation of the provisions of the general statutes or regulations of Connecticut state agencies regarding ownership or operation of an underground storage tank system.
(2) Nothing in this subsection and no determination by the commissioner of any issue of fact or law pursuant to this subsection shall affect the authority of the commissioner under any other statute or regulations, including, but not limited to, taking any enforcement action based upon the violations identified in any compliance evaluation performed pursuant to subsection (d) of this section.
(f) Payment or reimbursement for work, services, material. (1) For all work or services performed or materials provided before October 1, 2004, the commissioner shall not order payment or reimbursement for any cost paid or incurred, unless when seeking payment or reimbursement, the application is received by the commissioner on or before April 1, 2005.
(2) For purposes of this subsection, work or services shall be deemed rendered or performed on the date such work is rendered or performed and a material shall be deemed provided on the date a material is made available for use.
(3) After June 30, 2005, the commissioner shall not order payment or reimbursement for any cost, expense or other obligation, paid or incurred, unless the application or request for payment or reimbursement is received by the commissioner not later than one year after the completion of all or substantially all of the work or activities necessary to prepare the plan or report required by the milestones set forth in section 22a-449p.
(g) Civil actions. The Attorney General, upon the request of the commissioner, may institute an action in the superior court for the judicial district of Hartford to recover the amounts specified in this section from any person who owns or operates an underground storage tank system at the time a release emanates or occurs from such system or any person who owns the real property on which a release emanates or occurs, provided such person owned the real property at or any time after the release emanates or occurs until the time that a final remediation action report is submitted by a licensed environmental professional or approved by the commissioner pursuant to subdivision (7) of section 22a-449p, if: (1) Prior to the occurrence of the release, the underground storage tank or underground storage tank system from which the release emanated was required by regulations adopted under section 22a-449 to be the subject of an Underground Storage Facility Notification Form, or EPHM-6 but the person who owns or operates or who owned or operated such tank or tank system knowingly and intentionally failed to submit such notification form to the commissioner; (2) the release results from a reckless, wilful, wanton or intentional act or omission of such person or a negligent act or omission of such person that constitutes noncompliance with the general statutes or regulations governing the installation, operation and maintenance of underground storage tanks; or (3) the release occurs from an underground storage tank or system which is not in compliance with a final order issued by the commissioner pursuant to this chapter or a final judgment issued by a court concerning noncompliance with a requirement of this chapter; or (4) payment has been made, including payment to the commissioner pursuant to subsection (i) of this section, to a person other than a person against whom an action may be brought pursuant to this subsection. All costs to the state relating to actions to recover such payments, including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys' fees, shall initially be paid within available resources. In any recovery the commissioner is entitled to recover from such person (A) all payments made under the program with respect to a release or suspected release, (B) all payments made by the commissioner pursuant to subsection (i) of this section with respect to a release or suspected release, (C) interest on such payments at a rate of ten per cent per year from the date such payments were made, and (D) all costs of the state relating to actions to recover such payments, including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys' fees. All actions brought pursuant to this section shall have precedence in the order of trial, as provided in section 52-191. If the Attorney General has filed an action against a person seeking recovery of the amounts specified in this subsection or if the commissioner sends a person a demand letter regarding costs incurred by the state pursuant to section 22a-451, any such person against whom an action has been brought or who receives a demand letter shall not submit an application or request for payment or reimbursement to the commissioner seeking payment or reimbursement of any such amount sought by the Attorney General or by the commissioner. If any such application or request for payment or reimbursement is submitted, the commissioner shall not take any action regarding any such application or request.
(h) Rendering of decision by commissioner. Hearings. The commissioner shall render a decision as to whether or not to order payment or reimbursement from the program not more than ninety days after receipt of an application from a person, provided, in the case of a second or subsequent application, the commissioner shall render a decision not more than forty-five days after receipt of such application. A copy of the decision shall be sent to the person seeking payment or reimbursement by certified mail, return receipt requested. Any person aggrieved by the decision of the commissioner may, not later than twenty days after the date of issuance of such decision, request a hearing before the commissioner in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54. After such hearing, the commissioner shall consider the information submitted and affirm or modify the decision on the application. A copy of the affirmed or modified decision shall be sent to all parties to the hearing by certified mail, return receipt requested. For applications submitted before, on or after June 15, 2012, once the commissioner renders a decision regarding an application or request for payment or reimbursement and no hearing has been requested pursuant to this subsection regarding any such decision, the costs, expenses or other obligations addressed by any such decision shall not be resubmitted in any other application or request.
(i) Use of available resources for clean-up. Whenever the commissioner determines that as a result of a release or a suspected release, a clean-up is necessary, including, but not limited to, actions to prevent or abate pollution or a potential source of pollution and to provide potable drinking water, the commissioner may undertake such actions using not more than one million dollars, within available resources, for each release or suspected release from an underground storage tank or an underground storage tank system for which the responsible party is the state or for which a responsible party was or would have been required to demonstrate financial responsibility under 40 CFR Part 280.90 et seq., as said regulation was published in the Federal Register of October 26, 1988.
(j) Percentage payments. (1) If through an initial application or request for payment or reimbursement received by the commissioner before June 1, 2005, the commissioner has determined that a person has paid or incurred costs, expenses or other obligations that are eligible for payment or reimbursement, with respect to any supplemental application or request for payment or reimbursement the following shall apply. The commissioner may identify a category of activities, costs, expenses, or other obligations that are less than one hundred thousand dollars for which, in lieu of full payment, the commissioner may approve a percentage of the costs, expenses or other obligations paid or incurred. When implementing this subsection, the commissioner shall consider the amounts previously paid from the program and any other information the commissioner deems relevant. Any such percentage shall be not more than, but may be less than, ninety per cent of the average amount, as determined by the commissioner, previously paid from the program for any activity, cost, expense or obligation. The commissioner may, using the procedures specified in this subdivision, modify any percentage previously approved pursuant to this subdivision.
(2) A person with a supplemental application or request for payment or reimbursement may agree to accept the percentage payment approved by the commissioner. Any such acceptance shall be in writing, signed by the person seeking payment or reimbursement and shall acknowledge that the person is agreeing to accept less than the full amount sought by such person for the costs, expenses or other obligations covered by such acceptance. If the commissioner has prescribed forms, any such acceptance shall be made using the forms prescribed by the commissioner. Once a completed written acceptance is received, the commissioner shall, not later than ninety days after receiving such acceptance, determine whether to order payment or reimbursement from the program.
(3) Any amount paid or reimbursed under this section shall be considered full payment for any such activity, expense or other obligation and a person shall not seek any additional reimbursement for any such activity, expense or other obligation. The categories or activities for which the commissioner recommends payment of a percentage pursuant to this section may constitute all or a portion of the amounts sought in a supplemental application or supplemental request for payment or reimbursement.
(k) Notification to commissioner. Notification to the commissioner pursuant to regulations adopted pursuant to section 22a-449 shall constitute compliance with any regulation adopted pursuant to section 22a-449e regarding notification to the commissioner of a release.
(P.A. 88-230, S. 1, 12; P.A. 89-373, S. 7, 10; P.A. 90-98, S. 1, 2; 90-181, S. 3; P.A. 91-254, S. 4, 7; P.A. 93-142, S. 4, 7, 8; P.A. 94-28, S. 2, 3; P.A. 95-220, S. 4–6; P.A. 96-180, S. 81, 166; P.A. 04-244, S. 3; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 05-3, S. 94; P.A. 06-196, S. 260; P.A. 07-192, S. 5–7; P.A. 08-124, S. 29, 30; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3, S. 426; P.A. 11-80, S. 1; June 12, Sp. Sess. P.A. 12-1, S. 255.)
History: P.A. 90-181 amended Subsec. (a) to allow a responsible party to apply for costs paid, to allow application for reimbursement and payment of costs for a suspected release, to allow the board to order reimbursement in addition to payment, added Subdiv. (1) re requirement that reimbursement may only be ordered if the cost is or was incurred after July 5, 1989, amended Subdiv. (2) to provide that the responsible party had to demonstrate financial responsibility under the CFR as it was published in the Federal Register of October 26, 1988, regardless of whether the owner is required to comply with said requirements on the date the cost is incurred, amended Subdiv. (3) to include expense for investigation and amended Subsec. (b) to allow the board the right of subrogation if the release occurs from a tank or system which is not in compliance with the general statutes and regulations governing such tanks and to allow the board an additional right for subrogation against a responsible party for the first $10,000 of reimbursements and payments it makes in respect to a release unless the responsible party incurring the costs is determined not to have been liable for the release; P.A. 91-254 added Subsec. (a)(4) and (5) concerning a determination by the board for disbursement from the fund, amended Subsec. (b) to authorize the attorney general to institute actions to recover amounts disbursed from the fund, to set forth prerequisite factors for such action and to provide for payment of costs for such actions, and to specify what may be recovered in such action, amended Subsec. (c) to provide for a process of appeal from decisions of the board and added Subsec. (d) concerning use of the fund by the commissioner in case of a release (Revisor's note: P.A. 88-230 and P.A. 90-98 authorized substitution of “judicial district of Hartford” for “judicial district of Hartford-New Britain at Hartford” in public and special acts of the 1991 session of the general assembly, effective September 1, 1993); P.A. 93-142 changed the effective date of P.A. 88-230 from September 1, 1993, to September 1, 1996, effective June 14, 1993; P.A. 94-28 amended Subsec. (c) to extend the time for decisions by the board regarding first applications for reimbursement from 45 to 90 days, effective July 1, 1994, and applicable to applications filed with the board after said date; (Revisor's note: In 1995 the word “fund” was replaced editorially by the Revisors with “account” in references to the former underground storage tank petroleum clean-up fund and its review board to conform section with Secs. 22a-449b et seq., as amended by P.A. 94-130); P.A. 95-220 changed the effective date of P.A. 88-230 from September 1, 1996, to September 1, 1998, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 96-180 amended Subsec. (d) to correct a grammatical error, effective June 3, 1996; P.A. 04-244 added Subsec. (a)(6) re demonstration that the remediation is not more stringent than required by remediation standards, added new Subsec. (b) re deadlines for submission of application or preauthorization request, redesignated existing Subsecs. (b) to (d) as new Subsecs. (c) to (e), respectively, and made technical changes in said Subsec. (c), effective June 8, 2004; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 05-3 amended Subsec. (a) to add “and remediating”, to delete references to “responsible” party and to “entity”, to replace “damage or personal injury” with “bodily injury, property damage or damage to natural resources”, to add requirement re attempt to provide written notice, to delete reference to denial of release, and to add 60-day requirement re application, designated a portion of existing Subsec. (a) as new Subsec. (c), added new Subsec. (b) re approval of services and activities that surpass certain cost thresholds and inclusion of fees and certification by licensed environmental professional, amended new Subsec. (c) to make technical changes, to change names of certain entities and notification requirement, to add new criteria for applicants in Subdivs. (7) to (10), and to specify criteria for persons other than a responsible party, added new Subsec. (d) re compliance evaluations of existing tank systems, added new Subsec. (e) re reduction of payment or amount to be reimbursed based on compliance evaluations, deleted former Subsec. (b)(1) and redesignated existing Subsecs. (b)(2) and (3) as Subsecs. (f)(1) and (2), amended Subsec. (f)(1) to rephrase language re preauthorization, added new Subsec. (f)(3) re deadline for applications, redesignated existing Subsec. (c) as Subsec. (g) and amended same to allow commissioner to request an action, to revise persons from which attorney general may attempt to recover costs, to make technical changes, to delete references to knowingly and intentionally failing to notify commissioner, to add negligent acts or omissions that constitute noncompliance with installation, operation, and maintenance requirements in Subdiv. (2), to revise Subdiv. (3) to insert reference to “a final” order, to replace reference to general statutes and regulations with “this chapter” or certain final judgments, to add Subdiv. (4) re payment made from account, and to add language re inability of person to file an application or request upon receipt of demand letter or where person is subject of an action, redesignated existing Subsec. (d) as Subsec. (h) and amended same to change names of certain entities, to make technical changes, and to prohibit resubmission of costs in application subject to board decision, redesignated existing Subsec. (e) as Subsec. (i) and amended same to make a technical change and to delete language re refusal to pay first $10,000 of third party claims, added Subsec. (j) re identification of a category of activities and approval of a percentage of costs, and added Subsec. (k) re notification of release, effective June 30, 2005; P.A. 06-196 made technical changes in Subsec. (b)(1)(B) and (3), effective June 7, 2006; P.A. 07-192 amended Subsec. (b)(1) to make technical changes, provide differing timeframes for submission of approval by a licensed environmental professional and add provision re commissioner's approval pursuant to subdivision, effective July 5, 2007, and applicable to applications filed with the underground storage tank petroleum clean-up account on or after July 1, 2005, amended Subsec. (c)(5) to require notification concerning release and to add reference to regulations, and amended Subsec. (c)(10) to add Subpara. (A) designator, to add requirement re demonstration of financial responsibility, to require that only certain applicants do proximate cause analysis, to add new Subpara. (B) and to add provision re denial or partial payment or reimbursement on or before June 30, 2005, effective July 5, 2007, and applicable to applications filed with the underground storage tank petroleum clean-up account either prior to or subsequent to July 5, 2007, except that the provisions of Subsec. (a)(10)(A) shall be applicable only to applications filed on or after October 1, 2007, and amended Subsec. (g)(1) to add provision re knowing or intentional failure to submit Underground Storage Facility Notification Form, effective July 5, 2007, and applicable to applications filed with the underground storage tank petroleum clean-up account both prior to and subsequent to July 5, 2007; P.A. 08-124 made technical changes in Subsecs. (b)(1) and (c), effective June 2, 2008; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-3 deleted references to underground storage tank petroleum clean-up account and made conforming changes throughout; pursuant to P.A. 11-80, “Commissioner of Environmental Protection” and “Department of Environmental Protection” were changed editorially by the Revisors to “Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection” and “Department of Energy and Environmental Protection”, respectively, in Subsec. (c), effective July 1, 2011; June 12 Sp. Sess. P.A. 12-1 deleted provisions re the Underground Storage Tank Petroleum Clean-Up Review Board and changed “board” to “commissioner”, changed “account” to “underground storage tank petroleum clean-up program” and “program”, amended Subsec. (b)(3) to add provision prohibiting commissioner from ordering or making payment or reimbursement from program if application relying upon approval from a licensed environmental professional does not include certification of approval, amended Subsec. (c) to delete provision re the costs for experts, amended Subsec. (h) to add reference to applications filed on or after June 15, 2012, amended Subsec. (i) to delete reference to Sec. 22a-449a, and made technical changes, effective June 15, 2012.

Structure Connecticut General Statutes

Connecticut General Statutes

Title 22a - Environmental Protection

Chapter 446k - Water Pollution Control

Section 22a-416. (Formerly Sec. 25-26). - Pollution of waterways. Qualifications of operators. Delegation of authority.

Section 22a-417. (Formerly Sec. 25-26a). - Discharge of sewage into tributaries of water supply impoundments or Salmon River.

Section 22a-418. (Formerly Sec. 25-27). - Complaints concerning pollution of waters; investigation; orders.

Section 22a-422. (Formerly Sec. 25-54a). - Declaration of policy.

Section 22a-423. (Formerly Sec. 25-54b). - Definitions.

Section 22a-424. (Formerly Sec. 25-54c). - Powers and duties of commissioner.

Section 22a-424a. - Map of anticipated sewer overflows and sewage spills. Notice of reported sewage spills and permitted sewage bypasses. Electronic reporting of sewage spill and permitted sewage bypass. Notice to municipal chief elected official, lo...

Section 22a-425. (Formerly Sec. 25-54d). - Records.

Section 22a-426. (Formerly Sec. 25-54e). - Standards of water quality.

Section 22a-427. (Formerly Sec. 25-54f). - Pollution or discharge of wastes prohibited.

Section 22a-428. (Formerly Sec. 25-54g). - Orders to municipalities to abate pollution.

Section 22a-428a. - State-wide strategy to reduce phosphorus loading in inland nontidal waters.

Section 22a-429. (Formerly Sec. 25-54h). - Order to person to abate pollution.

Section 22a-430. (Formerly Sec. 25-54i). - Permit for new discharge. Regulations. Renewal. Special category permits or approvals. Limited delegation. General permits.

Section 22a-430a. - Delegation of authority to issue certain permits to municipal water pollution control authorities.

Section 22a-430b. - General permits. Certifications by qualified professionals. Regulations.

Section 22a-430c. - Annual inventory of persons and municipalities in significant noncompliance.

Section 22a-431. (Formerly Sec. 25-54j). - Periodic investigation of discharges. Order to abate or submit information.

Section 22a-432. (Formerly Sec. 25-54k). - Order to correct potential sources of pollution.

Section 22a-433. (Formerly Sec. 25-54l). - Order to landowner.

Section 22a-434. (Formerly Sec. 25-54m). - Filing of order on land records.

Section 22a-434a. - Notice of contaminated wells; abatement of contamination or abandonment of well to be on land records.

Section 22a-435. (Formerly Sec. 25-54n). - Injunction.

Section 22a-436. (Formerly Sec. 25-54o). - Hearing on order to abate.

Section 22a-437. (Formerly Sec. 25-54p). - Appeal.

Section 22a-438. (Formerly Sec. 25-54q). - Forfeiture for violations. Penalties.

Section 22a-439. (Formerly Sec. 25-54r). - State grant for sewers and pollution abatement facilities. Commissioner to adopt regulations.

Section 22a-439a. - Funds for construction of facilities by state agencies.

Section 22a-439b. - Southeastern Connecticut Water Authority may acquire and operate sewerage systems.

Section 22a-440. (Formerly Sec. 25-54s). - Grants for storm and sanitary sewer separation programs, pollution abatement facilities.

Section 22a-441. (Formerly Sec. 25-54t). - Grants for prior construction.

Section 22a-442. (Formerly Sec. 25-54u). - State advances in anticipation of federal funds for construction of facility.

Section 22a-443. (Formerly Sec. 25-54v). - State advance in anticipation of federal funds for contract plans and specifications.

Section 22a-444. (Formerly Sec. 25-54x). - Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection to administer funds.

Section 22a-445. (Formerly Sec. 25-54y). - Commissioner to accept federal aid. Cooperation with other agencies, municipalities, states.

Section 22a-446. (Formerly Sec. 25-54z). - Bond issue.

Section 22a-446a. - Uniform tipping fee at facilities disposing of septic tank pumpings.

Section 22a-447. (Formerly Sec. 25-54aa). - Prior orders, directives and decisions continued in force.

Section 22a-448. (Formerly Sec. 25-54bb). - Pollution by chemical liquid, hazardous waste, oil or petroleum, waste oil or solid, liquid or gaseous products: Definitions.

Section 22a-449. (Formerly Sec. 25-54cc). - Duties and powers of commissioner re sources of potential pollution or damage. Licenses. Regulations. Nonresidential underground storage tank systems.

Section 22a-449a. - Definitions.

Section 22a-449b. - Portion of petroleum products gross earnings tax credited to underground storage tank petroleum clean-up account.

Section 22a-449c. - Underground storage tank petroleum clean-up program. Applications for payment or reimbursement.

Section 22a-449d. - Payment and reimbursement from the program. Guidelines for reasonable cost determinations. Payment to registered contractors.

Section 22a-449e. - Regulations. Schedule for maximum or range of amounts to be paid from the program. Use of seal.

Section 22a-449f. - Application for reimbursement for claims resulting from release of petroleum.

Section 22a-449g. - Appeals.

Section 22a-449h. - Extension of time to replace school underground storage tank systems.

Section 22a-449i. - Authority of commissioners unaffected.

Section 22a-449j. - Immunity from liability to the state for certain residential underground heating oil storage tank systems.

Section 22a-449k. - Residential underground heating oil storage tank replacement contractors. Registration. Fees.

Section 22a-449l. - Remediation costs of removal or replacement of certain residential underground heating oil storage tank systems. Payment for services commenced prior to July 1, 2001. Procedures.

Section 22a-449m. - Standards for remediation of soil and replacement of residential underground heating oil storage tank systems.

Section 22a-449n. - Remediation costs of removal or replacement of certain residential underground heating oil storage tank systems. Payment for services commenced on or after July 1, 2001. Procedures.

Section 22a-449o. - Requirement for double-walled underground storage tanks.

Section 22a-449p. - Milestones for investigation and remediation of a release.

Section 22a-449q. - Storage of underground storage tank system records.

Section 22a-449r. - Underground storage tank clean-up program. Distribution of funds. Order of priority. Reduced payment election.

Section 22a-449s. - Underground storage tank petroleum clean-up program: Cancellation. Unavailability of program to demonstrate financial responsibility. Determination of applicability.

Section 22a-449t. - Underground storage tank petroleum clean-up program: Prohibitions on applications. Exceptions.

Section 22a-449u. - Bond authorization for underground storage tank petroleum clean-up program.

Section 22a-449v. - Underground storage tank general liability insurance policy. Cancellation restriction.

Section 22a-450. (Formerly Sec. 25-54dd). - Report of discharge, spill, loss, seepage or filtration. Regulations.

Section 22a-450a. - Elimination of MTBE as gasoline additive.

Section 22a-451. (Formerly Sec. 25-54ee). - Liability for pollution, contamination or emergency.

Section 22a-451a. - Annual report.

Section 22a-451b. - Expenditures by agencies paid from emergency spill response account.

Section 22a-452. (Formerly Sec. 25-54ff). - Reimbursement for containment or removal costs. Liability for certain acts or omissions.

Section 22a-452a. - State lien against real estate as security for amounts paid to clean up or to remove hazardous waste. Notice and hearing.

Section 22a-452b. - Exemptions.

Section 22a-452c. - Definition of “spill”.

Section 22a-452d. - Limitation on liability of innocent landowners: Definitions.

Section 22a-452e. - Limitation on liability of innocent landowners.

Section 22a-452f. - Exemption from liability for certain lenders.

Section 22a-453. (Formerly Sec. 25-54gg). - Coordination of activities with other agencies. Contracts for services.

Section 22a-453a. - Oil spill contingency planning and coordination.

Section 22a-454. (Formerly Sec. 25-54hh). - Permit for collection, storage or treatment, containment, removal or disposal of certain substances, materials or wastes: Suspension or revocation. Prohibition of disposal of certain hazardous wastes in a l...

Section 22a-454a. - Closure plans. Fees. Regulations.

Section 22a-454b. - Groundwater monitoring. Fees. Regulations.

Section 22a-454c. - Annual fees. Generators of acutely hazardous waste. Facilities.

Section 22a-455 to 22a-457. (Formerly Secs. 25-54ii to 25-54kk). - Vessel operator to post bond. Other evidence of financial responsibility. Penalty.

Section 22a-457a. - Floating boom retention devices required, when. Regulations.

Section 22a-457b. - Limited immunity for certain persons responding to oil spills.

Section 22a-458. (Formerly Sec. 25-54ll). - Water pollution control authority, mandatory establishment by municipality.

Section 22a-458a and 22a-458b. - Water pollution control authority; reports. Submission of municipal assessment to commissioner.

Section 22a-459. (Formerly Sec. 25-54mm). - Failure to establish water pollution control authority, violation. Penalties.

Section 22a-460. (Formerly Sec. 25-54nn). - Detergents: Definitions.

Section 22a-461. (Formerly Sec. 25-54oo). - Labeling of detergents. Restrictions on sale or use. Certain sewage system additives prohibited. Penalty.

Section 22a-462. (Formerly Sec. 25-54pp). - Sale of certain detergents prohibited: Excepted uses. Regulations.

Section 22a-462a. - Microbead prohibitions. Regulations. Study. Penalty.

Section 22a-462b. - Microfiber pollution working group. Consumer awareness and education program. Requirements. Membership. Report.

Section 22a-463. (Formerly Sec. 25-54rr). Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB - Definitions.

Section 22a-464. (Formerly Sec. 25-54ss). - Restrictions on manufacture, sale or use of PCB.

Section 22a-465. (Formerly Sec. 25-54tt). - Use of PCB in closed systems. Incidental amounts of PCB permitted.

Section 22a-466. (Formerly Sec. 25-54uu). - Exemptions.

Section 22a-467. (Formerly Sec. 25-54vv). - Disposition of PCB regulated.

Section 22a-468. (Formerly Sec. 25-54ww). - Regulations.

Section 22a-469. (Formerly Sec. 25-54xx). - Penalty.

Section 22a-469a. - Incineration of PCB by public service companies.

Section 22a-470. (Formerly Sec. 25-54yy). - Relocation or removal of public service facilities as necessary for construction of municipal sewer or pollution abatement facilities.

Section 22a-471. - Pollution of groundwaters. Orders to provide potable drinking water. Grants to municipalities. Hearing on order to abate. Appeal. Injunction. Forfeiture for violations. Orders to persons engaged in agriculture for contamination of...

Section 22a-471a. - Exemption from potable drinking water orders for persons engaged in agriculture.

Section 22a-471b. - “Person engaged in agriculture” defined.

Section 22a-472. - Hydraulic fracturing waste, oil waste and natural gas waste. Definitions. Prohibitions. Permits. Information requests by Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection. Regulations. Oil and gas exploration. Preemption.

Section 22a-473. - Exploratory drilling for oil or gas restricted.

Section 22a-474. - Regulations re storage of road salt.

Section 22a-474a. - Green Snow Pro training. State, municipal and private roadside applicators. Report.

Section 22a-474b. - Green Snow Pro training. Registration of certification by commercial applicators. Violation. Order. Regulations.

Section 22a-474c. - Sodium chloride run-off. Home or well damage. Health district electronic reporting system. Reporting. Identification of state or federal financial resources. Criteria and procedures.

Section 22a-474d. - Sodium and chloride drinking water testing. Residential water treatment systems installers provision of customer information. Requirement.

Section 22a-475. - Clean Water Fund: Definitions.

Section 22a-476. - Legislative finding.

Section 22a-477. - Clean Water Fund: Accounts and subaccounts.

Section 22a-478. - Eligible water quality projects. Eligible drinking water projects. Project grants. Grant account loans.

Section 22a-479. - Municipal approval of project funding agreements and obligations. Municipal bonds.

Section 22a-480. - Construction of provisions.

Section 22a-481. - Projects with prior funding.

Section 22a-482. - Regulations.

Section 22a-483. - Bond issue for Clean Water Fund projects. General obligation bonds. Revenue bonds.

Section 22a-483f. - Public water system improvement program.

Section 22a-484. - Evaluation of improvements to secondary clarifier operations.

Section 22a-485. - Plan required for maintenance of oxygen levels in Long Island Sound.

Section 22a-497. - Municipal stormwater authority pilot program. Priority municipalities. Application. Selection criteria. Grants.

Section 22a-498. - Creation of stormwater authority. Members. Purposes. Powers.

Section 22a-498a. - Municipal stormwater authority located in a distressed municipality. Powers.

Section 22a-498b. - Delinquent charges due to municipal stormwater authority. Liens.

Section 22a-499. - Joint report re pilot program.

Section 22a-499a. - Water pollution control authority located in a distressed municipality. Levy re stormwater control systems.

Section 22a-499b. - Delinquent charges due to water pollution control authority located in a distressed municipality. Liens.

Section 22a-500. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Definitions. Authorization. Directors. Membership. Termination.

Section 22a-501. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Powers.

Section 22a-502. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Budgets.

Section 22a-503. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Employees. Benefits.

Section 22a-504. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Acquisition of property. Construction of system. Notice. Hearing.

Section 22a-505. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Determination of compensation for taking of real property.

Section 22a-506. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Assessments, rates, fees, charges and penalties.

Section 22a-507. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Issuance of bonds. Use of proceeds.

Section 22a-508. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Sale of bonds.

Section 22a-509. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Bonding obligations.

Section 22a-510. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Bonds or notes executed by former officers.

Section 22a-511. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Execution, delivery and maturation of bonds.

Section 22a-512. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Effect of bonds on municipal indebtedness.

Section 22a-513. - Regional water pollution control authorities: State not to impair obligations of authorities.

Section 22a-514. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Tax exemption.

Section 22a-515. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Other municipal powers not affected.

Section 22a-516. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Bonds to be securities and negotiable instruments.

Section 22a-517. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Receipt of Clean Water Fund disbursements.

Section 22a-518. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Jurisdiction.

Section 22a-519. - Regional water pollution control authorities: Indemnification of officers. Representation of authority by Attorney General. Legal fees of officers.

Section 22a-521. - Nitrogen reduction in state waters: Definitions.

Section 22a-522. - General permit establishing effluent units for nitrogen.

Section 22a-523. - Nitrogen Credit Advisory Board.

Section 22a-524. - Nitrogen credit exchange program.

Section 22a-525. - Audit of annual operating data.

Section 22a-526. - Regulations.

Section 22a-527. - Annual value of equivalent nitrogen credits.