Connecticut General Statutes
Chapter 166 - Teachers and Superintendents
Section 10-157. - Superintendents: Relationship to local or regional board of education; verification of certification status; waiver of certification; written contract of employment; evaluation of superintendent by board of education.

(a) Each local board of education for a municipality with (1) a population of ten thousand or more, (2) three or more public schools located in the municipality, and (3) two thousand or more resident students, as defined in section 10-262f, shall provide for the supervision of the schools under its control by a superintendent who shall serve as the chief executive officer of the board. A local board of education for any other municipality may (A) provide for the supervision of the schools under its control by a superintendent who shall serve as the chief executive officer of the board, or (B) receive direction concerning the supervision of the schools under its control by a superintendent employed by another local board of education, provided the legislative body of such other municipality authorizes the use of such superintendent. Each regional board of education shall provide for the supervision of the schools under its control by a superintendent who shall serve as the chief executive officer of the board. The superintendent shall have executive authority over the school system and the responsibility for its supervision. Employment of a superintendent shall be by election of the board of education. Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, no person shall assume the duties and responsibilities of the superintendent until the board receives written confirmation from the Commissioner of Education that the person to be employed is properly certified or has had such certification waived by the commissioner pursuant to subsection (c) of this section. The commissioner shall inform any such board, in writing, of the proper certification, waiver of certification or lack of certification or waiver of any such person not later than fourteen days after the name of such person is submitted to the commissioner pursuant to section 10-226. A majority vote of all members of the board shall be necessary to an election, and the board shall fix the salary of the superintendent and the term of office, which shall not exceed three years. Upon election and notification of employment or reemployment, the superintendent may request and the board shall provide a written contract of employment which includes, but is not limited to, the salary, employment benefits and term of office of such superintendent. Such superintendent shall, at least three weeks before the annual town or regional school district meeting, submit to the board a full written report of the proceedings of such board and of the condition of the several schools during the school year preceding, with plans and suggestions for their improvement. The board of education shall evaluate the performance of the superintendent annually in accordance with guidelines and criteria mutually determined and agreed to by such board and such superintendent.

(b) A local or regional board of education may appoint as acting superintendent a person who is or is not properly certified for a probationary period, not to exceed one school year, with the approval of the Commissioner of Education. During such probationary period such acting superintendent shall assume all duties of the superintendent for the time specified and shall successfully complete a school leadership program, approved by the State Board of Education, offered at a public or private institution of higher education in the state. At the conclusion of such probationary period, such appointing local or regional board of education may request the commissioner to grant (1) a waiver of certification for such acting superintendent pursuant to subsection (c) of this section, or (2) a one-time extension of such probationary period, not to exceed one additional school year, if the commissioner determines that such board of education has demonstrated a significant need or hardship for such extension.
(c) The commissioner may, upon request of an employing local or regional board of education, grant a waiver of certification to a person (1) who has successfully completed at least three years of experience as a certified administrator with a superintendent certificate issued by another state in a public school in another state during the ten-year period prior to the date of application, or (2) who has successfully completed a probationary period as an acting superintendent pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, and who the commissioner deems to be exceptionally qualified for the position of superintendent.
(1949 Rev., S. 1442; P.A. 78-218, S. 112; P.A. 81-196; P.A. 85-54, S. 1, 3; P.A. 07-241, S. 4; P.A. 10-111, S. 2; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 10-1, S. 59; P.A. 11-28, S. 13; P.A. 12-116, S. 58; P.A. 17-173, S. 12; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 17-2, S. 152.)
History: P.A. 78-218 specified applicability to local and regional boards of education rather than town boards and deleted references to supervising agents; P.A. 81-196 clarified the rights and responsibilities of superintendents of schools and the employing board of education by specifying that superintendent is the chief executive officer of the board and has executive authority over the school system, that board must provide the superintendent with a written contract of employment or reemployment if the superintendent so requests and that board shall evaluate the superintendent annually in accordance with guidelines mutually agreed to by the board and the superintendent; P.A. 85-54 added requirement that no person assume duties and responsibilities of superintendent until hiring board receives confirmation from commissioner that person is properly certified, and added provision allowing certified or uncertified person as acting superintendent with commissioner's approval as Subsec. (b); P.A. 07-241 amended Subsec. (a) to make technical changes and add references to waiver of certification and added Subsec. (c) re waiver of certification, effective July 1, 2007; P.A. 10-111 amended Subsec. (c) by adding “upon request of an employing local or regional board of education” and provision re waiver of certification requirements for out-of-state superintendent experience, effective July 1, 2010; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 10-1 made technical changes in Subsec. (c), effective July 1, 2010; P.A. 11-28 made a technical change in Subsec. (a), effective June 3, 2011; P.A. 12-116 amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “specified period of time” with “probationary period”, replacing “ninety days” with “one school year”, adding provision requiring completion of a school leadership program during probationary period, and replacing provision re extension of time with provision re waiver of certification, and amended Subsec. (c) by adding provision re successful completion of probationary period as new Subdiv. (2) and deleting former Subparas. (A) to (C) re findings for person exceptionally qualified, effective July 1, 2012; P.A. 17-173 amended Subsec. (b) by designating existing provision re waiver of certification for acting superintendent as Subdiv. (1) and adding Subdiv. (2) re one-time extension of probationary period, effective July 6, 2017; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 17-2 amended Subsec. (a) by adding Subdivs. (1) to (3) re describing certain local boards of education for which superintendent requirement applies, adding Subparas. (A) and (B) re options for superintendent administration for other local boards of education, and adding provision re regional board of education superintendent to serve as chief executive officer, effective October 31, 2017.
Superintendent appointed for fixed term does not hold over de jure. 127 C. 426. Cited. 129 C. 191; 152 C. 568; 228 C. 640.
Cited. 30 CA 594.
Superintendent of schools is not an employee to be hired by contract but a public officer to be elected. 10 CS 404.

Structure Connecticut General Statutes

Connecticut General Statutes

Title 10 - Education and Culture

Chapter 166 - Teachers and Superintendents

Section 10-144o. - Definitions.

Section 10-145. - Certificate necessary to employment. Forfeiture for noncompliance. Substitute teachers.

Section 10-145a. (Formerly Sec. 10-146). - Specific components of teacher preparation programs.

Section 10-145b. - Teaching certificates.

Section 10-145c. - Election of persons certified provisionally before July 1, 1974.

Section 10-145d. - State board regulations for teacher certificates. Certification of school business administrators; membership in teachers' retirement system; applicability of teacher tenure law. Certification of computer science teachers. Applicab...

Section 10-145e. - Certification for occupational subjects.

Section 10-145f. - Testing for prospective teachers.

Section 10-145g. - Regulations.

Section 10-145h. - Requirements for certification as a bilingual education teacher.

Section 10-145i. - Limitation on issuance and reissuance of certificates, authorizations or permits to certain individuals.

Section 10-145j. - Employment of national corps of teachers' training program graduates.

Section 10-145k. - Issuance of international teacher permit.

Section 10-145l. - Waiver from subject area major requirements for certain teachers.

Section 10-145m. - Resident teacher certificate.

Section 10-145n. - Issuance of adjunct instructor permit.

Section 10-145o. - Teacher education and mentoring program. Administration. Three-year plan. Instructional modules. Data system. Guidelines.

Section 10-145p. - Alternate route to certification programs for school administrators. Requirements; exception. Issuance of initial educator certificate upon completion.

Section 10-145q. - Issuance of charter school educator permit.

Section 10-145r. - Survey on reading instruction.

Section 10-145s. - Distinguished educator designation.

Section 10-145t. - Alternate route to certification programs for school support staff. Requirements. Issuance of initial educator certificate upon completion.

Section 10-145u. - Requirements for certification as a teacher at a technical education and career school.

Section 10-145v. - Information and guidance re requirements for endorsement area of occupational subjects in vocational-technical schools.

Section 10-145w. - Alternate route to certification programs for persons from an alternate profession. Requirements. Issuance of initial educator certificate upon completion.

Section 10-145x. - Memorandum of understanding with teacher licensure assessment vendors re provision of licensure examinations. Department to provide educational materials to assist eligible applicants.

Section 10-145y. - Issuance of career and technical pathways instructor permit.

Section 10-146a. - Advisory board on state certification of teachers.

Section 10-146b. - Extension of period to complete requirements for teaching certificate. Renewal of certificate, authorization or permit that expires while holder is on active duty with armed forces of United States or ordered out with National Guar...

Section 10-146c. - Reciprocity agreements, interstate agreements and recognition statement to facilitate educator certification.

Section 10-146d and 10-146e. - Commissioner of Education as agent for state. Filing of contracts under agreement.

Section 10-146f. - Waiver of certification requirements for bilingual teachers.

Section 10-146g. - Teachers of specialized courses.

Section 10-146h. - Report re quality of teacher preparation programs.

Section 10-146i. - Military spouse teacher permit.

Section 10-147 and 10-148. - Kindergarten certificates. Teacher to have certificate.

Section 10-148a. - Professional development for certified employees.

Section 10-148b. - Professional development program re scientifically-based reading research and instruction.

Section 10-148c. - Subject matter to be made available to boards of education for in-service training programs.

Section 10-148d. - Professional development for paraeducators.

Section 10-149. - Qualifications for athletic coaches of intramural and interscholastic athletics.

Section 10-149a. - Felony conviction or fine pursuant to mandated reporting provisions. Notification by state's attorney.

Section 10-149b. - Concussions: Training courses for coaches. Education plan. Informed consent form. Development or approval by State Board of Education. Revocation of coaching permit.

Section 10-149c. - Student athletes and concussions. Removal from athletic activities. Notification of parent or legal guardian. Revocation of coaching permit.

Section 10-149d. - Athletic directors. Definitions. Qualifications and hiring. Duties.

Section 10-149e. - School districts to collect and report occurrences of concussions. Report by Commissioner of Public Health.

Section 10-149f. - Sudden cardiac arrest awareness education program. Consent form.

Section 10-149g. - Coaches to annually review cardiac arrest education program. Revocation of coaching permit. Immunity from suit and liability.

Section 10-149h. - Exertional heat illness awareness education program.

Section 10-150 and 10-150a. - School registers.

Section 10-151. - Employment of teachers. Definitions. Tenure. Notice and hearing on failure to renew or termination of contract. Appeal.

Section 10-151a. - Access of teacher to supervisory records and reports in personnel file.

Section 10-151b. - Teacher evaluations. Teacher evaluation and support program; development; adoption; implementation; guidelines.

Section 10-151c. - Nondisclosure of records of teacher performance and evaluation. Exceptions.

Section 10-151d. - Performance Evaluation Advisory Council. Responsibilities.

Section 10-151e. - Disclosure of teacher records for purposes of an investigation of child abuse or neglect.

Section 10-151f. - Teacher evaluation and support pilot program.

Section 10-151g. - Neag School of Education study of teacher evaluation and support pilot program.

Section 10-151h. - Training and orientation programs for educators re teacher evaluation and support program.

Section 10-151i. - Audits of teacher evaluation and support programs.

Section 10-152. - Discrimination in salaries of teachers.

Section 10-153. - Discrimination on the basis of sex, gender identity or expression or marital status prohibited.

Section 10-153a. - Rights concerning professional organization and negotiations. Duty of fair representation. Annual service fees negotiable item.

Section 10-153b. - Selection of teachers' representatives.

Section 10-153c. - Disputes as to elections.

Section 10-153d. - Meeting between board of education and fiscal authority required. Duty to negotiate. Procedure if legislative body rejects contract.

Section 10-153e. - Prohibited practices of employers, employees and representatives. Hearing before State Board of Labor Relations. Appeal. Penalty.

Section 10-153f. - Mediation and arbitration of disagreements.

Section 10-153g. - Negotiations concerning salaries, hours and other conditions of employment unaffected by special acts, charters, ordinances.

Section 10-153h. - Appropriation.

Section 10-153i. - Designation of statutory agent for service of process.

Section 10-153j. - The making of service of process, notice or demand.

Section 10-153k. - Teacher Negotiation Act applies to incorporated or endowed high schools or academies.

Section 10-153l. - Applicability of employment of teachers statute and teacher negotiation law to incorporated or endowed high schools or academies.

Section 10-153m. - Payment of attorney's fees in proceedings to vacate or confirm teacher grievance arbitration awards.

Section 10-153n. - Applicability of employment of teachers statute and teacher negotiation law to the Gilbert School in Winchester.

Section 10-153o. - Review of performance of arbitration panel members.

Section 10-153p to 10-153r. - Summary of results of contract negotiations. Monitoring of major economic provisions of contracts. Report concerning contracts to General Assembly.

Section 10-153s. - Negotiation, arbitration and ratification of turnaround plans for commissioner's network schools.

Section 10-153t. - Turnaround plan referees.

Section 10-154. - Homes and transportation for teachers.

Section 10-154a. - Professional communications between teacher or nurse and student. Surrender of physical evidence obtained from students.

Section 10-155. - Emergency teacher training program.

Section 10-155a to 10-155c. - Cooperative arrangements for teacher training. Subcommittee and advisory committee for program. State grants.

Section 10-155cc. - Definitions.

Section 10-155d. - Preparation of teachers. Alternate route programs for teachers, administrators and early childhood education teachers.

Section 10-155dd to 10-155gg. - Grants to implement comprehensive professional development plans. Planning grants to develop or revise teacher evaluation programs. Grants to implement, assess and improve teacher evaluation programs. Planning grants f...

Section 10-155e. - Development of programs to assist paraprofessionals to fulfill state certification requirements. Report to General Assembly.

Section 10-155f. - Residency requirement prohibited.

Section 10-155g. - Educational Excellence Trust Fund.

Section 10-155h. - Educational excellence program administered by department. Governor to recommend appropriation for.

Section 10-155i. - Pilot program to assist paraprofessionals.

Section 10-155j. - Development of paraprofessionals.

Section 10-155k. - School Paraeducator Advisory Council.

Section 10-155l. - Minority teacher recruitment.

Section 10-155m. - Promotion of teaching profession as career option to high school students.

Section 10-155n to 10-155q. - Teacher career incentive programs. Applications for grants; selection criteria. Project evaluations; statement of expenditures. Grant program administration.

Section 10-155t to 10-155bb. - Advisory commission on career incentives and teacher evaluation. Election to participate in programs; appointment of panels. Local teacher evaluation plans. Presentation of plans. Grants for developing evaluation plans....

Section 10-156. - Sick leave.

Section 10-156a. - Duty-free lunch period.

Section 10-156aa. - Task Force to Diversify the Educator Workforce.

Section 10-156b. - Tenure and sick leave rights of teacher on regionalization of school and on dissolution of regional school district.

Section 10-156bb. - Minority Teacher Recruitment Policy Oversight Council.

Section 10-156c. - Military leave.

Section 10-156cc. - Report re effectiveness of minority teacher recruitment programs.

Section 10-156d. - Reemployment after military leave.

Section 10-156dd. - Student survey re minority teacher recruitment programs.

Section 10-156e. - Employees of boards of education permitted to serve as elected officials; exception.

Section 10-156ee. - Duties re minority teacher recruitment.

Section 10-156ff. - Strategies and utilization of resources for the hiring and employment of minority teachers and administrators.

Section 10-156gg. - Minority candidate certification, retention or residency year program.

Section 10-156hh. - Completion of video training module re implicit bias and anti-bias in hiring process for certain school district employees.

Section 10-156ii. - Minority teacher candidate scholarship program.

Section 10-157. - Superintendents: Relationship to local or regional board of education; verification of certification status; waiver of certification; written contract of employment; evaluation of superintendent by board of education.

Section 10-157a. - Superintendent for more than one town.

Section 10-158. - Superintendent for more than one town. Supervision districts.

Section 10-158a. - Cooperative arrangements among towns. School building projects. Student transportation.

Section 10-159 and 10-159a. - Supervisory service by State Board of Education. Election to receive grant in lieu of supervisory service.