Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations
Chapter 938 - Juvenile justice code.
938.34 - Disposition of juvenile adjudged delinquent.

938.34 Disposition of juvenile adjudged delinquent. If the court adjudges a juvenile delinquent, the court shall enter an order deciding one or more of the dispositions of the case as provided in this section under a care and treatment plan. A disposition under sub. (4m) must be combined with a disposition under sub. (4n). In deciding the dispositions for a juvenile who is adjudicated delinquent, the court shall consider the seriousness of the act for which the juvenile is adjudicated delinquent and may consider any other delinquent act that is read into the record and dismissed at the time of the adjudication. The dispositions under this section are:
(1) Counseling. Counsel the juvenile or the parent, guardian or legal custodian.
(2) Supervision.
(a) Place the juvenile under the supervision of an agency, the county department, or a suitable adult, including a friend of the juvenile, under conditions prescribed by the court, including reasonable rules for the juvenile's conduct, designed for the physical, mental, and moral well-being and behavior of the juvenile.
(b) If the juvenile is placed in the juvenile's home under the supervision of an agency or the county department, order that agency or department to provide specified services to the juvenile and the juvenile's family, including individual, family, or group counseling, homemaker or parent aide services, respite care, housing assistance, child care, or parent skills training.
(c) Order the juvenile to remain at his or her home or other placement for a period of not more than 30 days under rules of supervision specified in the order.
(2g) Volunteers in probation program. If the juvenile is adjudicated delinquent for the commission of an act that would constitute a misdemeanor if committed by an adult, if the chief judge of the judicial administrative district has approved under s. 973.11 (2) a volunteers in probation program established in the juvenile's county of residence, and if the court determines that volunteer supervision under that program will likely benefit the juvenile and the community, place the juvenile with the volunteers in probation program under conditions the court determines are reasonable and appropriate. These conditions may include any of the following:
(a) A directive to a volunteer to be a role model for the juvenile, informal counseling, general monitoring, monitoring of the conditions established by the court, or any combination of these functions.
(b) Any other disposition that the court may impose under this section.
(2m) Teen court program. Order the juvenile to be placed in a teen court program if all of the following conditions apply:
(a) The chief judge of the judicial administrative district has approved a teen court program established in the juvenile's county of residence and the court determines that participation in the teen court program will likely benefit the juvenile and the community.
(b) The juvenile is alleged to have committed a delinquent act that would be a misdemeanor if committed by an adult.
(c) The juvenile admits or pleads no contest in open court, in the presence of the juvenile's parent, guardian, or legal custodian, to the allegations that the juvenile committed the delinquent act.
(d) The juvenile has not successfully completed participation in a teen court program during the 2 years before the date of the alleged delinquent act.
(2r) Intensive supervision. Order the juvenile to participate in an intensive supervision program under s. 938.534.
(3) Placement. Designate one of the following as the placement for the juvenile:
(a) The home of a parent or other relative of the juvenile, except that the court may not designate any of the following as the juvenile's placement, unless the court determines by clear and convincing evidence that the placement would be in the best interests of the juvenile or, in the case of an Indian juvenile, the best interests of the Indian juvenile as described in s. 938.01 (3):
1. The home of a parent or other relative of the juvenile if the parent or other relative has been convicted of the homicide of a parent of the juvenile under s. 940.01 or 940.05, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside, or vacated. In determining whether a placement under this subdivision would be in the best interests of the juvenile, the court shall consider the wishes of the juvenile.
2. The home of a relative other than the parent of the juvenile if the court finds that the relative has been convicted of, has pleaded no contest to, or has had a charge dismissed or amended as a result of a plea agreement for a crime under s. 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03 (2) or (5) (a) 1., 2., 3., or 4., 948.05, 948.051, 948.055, 948.06, 948.07, 948.08, 948.081, 948.085, 948.11 (2) (a) or (am), 948.12, 948.13, 948.21, 948.215, 948.30, or 948.53, or a similar law of another state.
(b) The home of a person who is not required to be licensed if placement is for less than 30 days, except that the court may not designate any of the following as the juvenile's placement, unless the court determines by clear and convincing evidence that the placement would be in the best interests of the juvenile or, in the case of an Indian juvenile, the best interests of the Indian juvenile as described in s. 938.01 (3):
1. The home of a person who is not required to be licensed if the court finds that the person has been convicted of the homicide of a parent of the juvenile under s. 940.01 or 940.05, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside, or vacated. In determining whether a placement under this subdivision would be in the best interests of the juvenile, the court shall consider the wishes of the juvenile.
2. The home of a person who is not required to be licensed if the court finds that the person has been convicted of, has pleaded no contest to, or has had a charge dismissed or amended as a result of a plea agreement for a crime under s. 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03 (2) or (5) (a) 1., 2., 3., or 4., 948.05, 948.051, 948.055, 948.06, 948.07, 948.08, 948.081, 948.085, 948.11 (2) (a) or (am), 948.12, 948.13, 948.21, 948.215, 948.30, or 948.53, or a similar law of another state.
(c) A foster home licensed under s. 48.62 or a group home licensed under s. 48.625.
(cm) A group home described in s. 48.625 (1m) if the juvenile is at least 12 years of age, is a custodial parent, as defined in s. 49.141 (1) (b), or an expectant mother, is receiving inadequate care, and is in need of a safe and structured living arrangement.
(d) A residential treatment center operated by a child welfare agency licensed under s. 48.60.
(e) An independent living situation effective on or after the juvenile's 17th birthday, either alone or with friends, under supervision the court considers appropriate, but only if the juvenile is of sufficient maturity and judgment to live independently and only upon proof of a reasonable plan for supervision by an appropriate person or agency.
(f) A juvenile detention facility or juvenile portion of a county jail that meets the standards promulgated by the department of corrections by rule, or in a place of nonsecure custody designated by the court, subject to all of the following:
1. The placement may be for any combination of single or consecutive days totalling not more than 365 in a juvenile detention facility under s. 938.22 (2) (d) 1. and may be for no more than 30 consecutive days in any other juvenile detention facility, including any placement under pars. (a) to (e). The juvenile shall be given credit against the period of detention or nonsecure custody imposed under this paragraph for all time spent in secure detention in connection with the course of conduct for which the detention or nonsecure custody was imposed.
2. The order may provide that the juvenile may be released from the juvenile detention facility, juvenile portion of the jail, or place of nonsecure custody during specified hours to attend school, to work at the juvenile's place of employment or to attend or participate in any activity which the court considers beneficial to the juvenile.
3. The use of placement in a juvenile detention facility or in a juvenile portion of a county jail as a disposition under this paragraph is subject to the adoption of a resolution by the county board of supervisors under s. 938.06 (5) authorizing the use of those placements as a disposition.
4. If a juvenile's placement under this paragraph exceeds 30 days, whether or not consecutive, the county department shall offer the juvenile alcohol or other drug abuse treatment, counseling, and education services under sub. (6r). The payment for those services shall be in accordance with s. 938.361.
(3g) Electronic monitoring. Monitoring by an electronic monitoring system for a juvenile subject to an order under sub. (2), (2r), (3) (a) to (e), (4h) or (4n) who is placed in the community.
(4) Transfer of legal custody. If it is shown that the rehabilitation or the treatment and care of the juvenile cannot be accomplished by means of voluntary consent of the parent or guardian, transfer legal custody to any of the following:
(a) A relative of the juvenile.
(b) A county department.
(c) A licensed child welfare agency.
(4d) Type 2 residential care center for children and youth placement. Place the juvenile in a Type 2 residential care center for children and youth under the supervision of the county department and subject to Type 2 status, as described in s. 938.539, but only if all of the following apply:
(a) The juvenile has been found to be delinquent for the commission of an act that would be punishable by a sentence of 6 months or more if committed by an adult.
(b) The juvenile has been found to be a danger to the public and to be in need of restrictive custodial treatment. If the court determines that any of the conditions specified in sub. (4m) (b) 1., 2., or 3. applies, but that placement in the serious juvenile offender program under sub. (4h) or in a juvenile correctional facility under sub. (4m) would not be appropriate, that determination shall be prima facie evidence that the juvenile is a danger to the public and in need of restrictive custodial treatment under this subsection.
(4h) Serious juvenile offender program. Place the juvenile in the serious juvenile offender program under s. 938.538, but only if all of the following apply:
(a) The juvenile is 14 years of age or over and has been adjudicated delinquent for committing or conspiring to commit a violation of s. 939.32 (1) (a), 940.03, 940.06, 940.21, 940.225 (1), 940.305, 940.31, 941.327 (2) (b) 4., 943.02, 943.10 (2), 943.23 (1g), 943.32 (2), 948.02 (1), 948.025 (1), or 948.30 (2) or attempting a violation of s. 943.32 (2) or the juvenile is 10 years of age or over and has been adjudicated delinquent for attempting or committing a violation of s. 940.01 or for committing a violation of s. 940.02 or 940.05.
(b) The court finds that the only other disposition that is appropriate for the juvenile is placement in a juvenile correctional facility under sub. (4m).
(4m) Correctional placement. Place the juvenile under the supervision of the county department in a secured residential care center for children and youth identified by the county department if all of the following apply:
(a) The juvenile has been found to be delinquent for the commission of an act that would be punishable by a sentence of 6 months or more if committed by an adult.
(b) The juvenile has been found to be a danger to the public and to be in need of restrictive custodial treatment. If the court determines that any of the following conditions applies, but that placement in the serious juvenile offender program under sub. (4h) is not appropriate, that determination shall be prima facie evidence that the juvenile is a danger to the public and in need of restrictive custodial treatment under this subsection:
1. The juvenile has committed a delinquent act that would be a felony under s. 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.19 (2) to (6), 940.198, 940.21, 940.225 (1), 940.31, 941.20 (3), 943.02 (1), 943.23 (1g), 943.32 (2), 947.013 (1t), (1v) or (1x), 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03, or 948.085 (2) if committed by an adult.
2. The juvenile has possessed, used or threatened to use a handgun, as defined in s. 175.35 (1) (b), short-barreled rifle, as defined in s. 941.28 (1) (b), or short-barreled shotgun, as defined in s. 941.28 (1) (c), while committing a delinquent act that would be a felony under ch. 940 if committed by an adult.
3. The juvenile has possessed or gone armed with a short-barreled rifle or a short-barreled shotgun in violation of s. 941.28 or has possessed or gone armed with a handgun in violation of s. 948.60.
(4n) Aftercare supervision. In the case of a juvenile who has received a correctional placement under sub. (4m), designate one of the following to provide aftercare supervision for the juvenile following the juvenile's release from a secured residential care center for children and youth or Type 1 juvenile correctional facility:
(b) The county department of the county of the court that placed the juvenile in the juvenile correctional facility or secured residential care center for children and youth.
(c) The county department of the juvenile's county of legal residence.
(5) Restitution.
(a) Subject to par. (c), if the juvenile is found to have committed a delinquent act that resulted in damage to the property of another, or actual physical injury to another excluding pain and suffering, order the juvenile to repair the damage to property or to make reasonable restitution for the damage or injury, either in the form of cash payments or, if the victim agrees, the performance of services for the victim, or both, if the court, after taking into consideration the well-being and needs of the victim, considers it beneficial to the well-being and behavior of the juvenile. The order shall include a finding that the juvenile alone is financially able to pay or physically able to perform the services, may allow up to the date of the expiration of the order for the payment or for the completion of the services, and may include a schedule for the performance and completion of the services. If the juvenile objects to the amount of damages claimed, the juvenile is entitled to a hearing on the question of damages before the amount of restitution is ordered. Any recovery under this paragraph shall be reduced by the amount recovered as restitution under s. 938.45 (1r) (a).
(am) Subject to par. (c), order a juvenile who owes restitution under par. (a) and who is receiving income while placed in a juvenile correctional facility, residential care center for children and youth, or other out-of-home placement to contribute a specified percentage of that income towards that restitution.
(b) In addition to any other employment or duties permitted under ch. 103 or any rule or order under ch. 103, a juvenile under 14 years of age who is participating in a restitution project provided by the county or who is performing services for the victim as restitution may, for the purpose of making restitution ordered by the court under this subsection, be employed or perform any duties under any circumstances in which a juvenile 14 or 15 years of age is permitted to be employed or perform duties under ch. 103 or any rule or order under ch. 103. A juvenile who is participating in a restitution project provided by the county or who is performing services for the victim as restitution is exempt from the permit requirement under s. 103.70 (1).
(c) Under this subsection, a court may order a juvenile who is under 14 years of age to make not more than $250 in restitution or to perform not more than 40 total hours of services for the victim as total restitution under the order.
(5g) Supervised work program or other community service work.
(a) Order the juvenile to participate in a supervised work program administered by the county department or a community agency approved by the court or other community service work administered by a public agency or nonprofit charitable organization approved by the court.
(am) The court shall set standards for the supervised work program within the budgetary limits established by the county board of supervisors. The supervised work program may provide the juvenile reasonable compensation reflecting a reasonable market value of the work performed or it may consist of uncompensated community service work. Community service work may be in lieu of restitution only if also agreed to by the county department, community agency, public agency or nonprofit charitable organization and by the person to whom the restitution is owed. The court may use any available resources, including any community service work program, in ordering the juvenile to perform community service work.
(b) The supervised work program or other community service work shall be constructive and designed to promote the rehabilitation of the juvenile, appropriate to the age level and physical ability of the juvenile, and combined with counseling from a member of the staff of the county department, community agency, public agency, or nonprofit charitable organization or other qualified person. The supervised work program or other community service work may not conflict with the juvenile's regular attendance at school. Subject to par. (d), the amount of work required shall be reasonably related to the seriousness of the juvenile's offense.
(c) In addition to any other employment or duties permitted under ch. 103 or any rule or order under ch. 103, a juvenile under 14 years of age who is participating in a supervised work program or other community service work may, for purposes of performing the supervised work or other community service work, be employed or perform any duties under any circumstances in which a juvenile 14 or 15 years of age is permitted to be employed or perform duties under ch. 103 or any rule or order under ch. 103. A juvenile who is participating in a supervised work program or other community service work is exempt from the permit requirement under s. 103.70 (1).
(d) Under this subsection, a juvenile who is under 14 years of age may not be required to perform more than 40 total hours of supervised work or other community service work, except as provided in subs. (13r) and (14t).
(5m) Community service work program. Order the juvenile to participate in a youth corps program, as defined in s. 16.22 (1) (dm) or another community service work program, if the sponsor of the program approves the juvenile's participation in the program.
(5r) Victim-offender mediation program. Order the juvenile to participate in a victim-offender mediation program if the victim of the juvenile's delinquent act agrees.
(6) Special treatment or care.
(a) If the juvenile is in need of special treatment or care, as identified in an evaluation under s. 938.295 and the report under s. 938.33 (1), order the juvenile's parent to provide the special treatment or care.
(am) An order of special treatment or care under this subsection may include an order committing the juvenile to a county department under s. 51.42 or 51.437 for special treatment or care in an inpatient facility, as defined in s. 51.01 (10), if the evaluation under s. 938.295 and the report under s. 938.33 (1) indicate all of the following:
1. That the juvenile has an alcohol or other drug abuse impairment.
2. That the juvenile is a proper subject for treatment and is in need of inpatient treatment because appropriate treatment is not available on an outpatient basis.
(ap) An order under par. (am) is subject to all of the following:
1. The commitment may total not more than 30 days.
2. The use of commitment to a county department under s. 51.42 or 51.437 as a disposition under par. (am) is subject to the adoption of a resolution by the county board of supervisors under s. 938.06 (5) authorizing the use of that disposition.
(ar) If the parent fails or is financially unable to provide the special treatment or care ordered under par. (a) or (am), the court may order an appropriate agency to provide the special treatment or care whether or not legal custody has been taken from the parents. If the court orders a county department under s. 51.42 or 51.437 to provide special treatment or care under par. (a) or (am), the provision of that special treatment or care shall be subject to conditions specified in ch. 51, except that an order under par. (am) may not be extended. An order of special treatment or care under this subsection may not include an order for the administration of psychotropic medication.
(b) Payment for alcohol and other drug abuse services ordered under par. (a) shall be in accordance with s. 938.361.
(c) Payment for services provided under ch. 51 that are ordered under par. (a), other than alcohol and other drug abuse services, shall be in accordance with s. 938.362.
(6m) Coordinated services plan of care. If the report prepared under s. 938.33 (1) recommends that the juvenile is in need of a coordinated services plan of care and if an initiative under s. 46.56 has been established for the county or, if applicable, for a tribe, order that an assessment of the juvenile and the juvenile's family for eligibility for and appropriateness of the initiative, and if eligible for enrollment in the initiative, that a coordinated services plan of care be developed and implemented.
(6r) Alcohol or drug treatment or education.
(a) If the report prepared under s. 938.33 (1) recommends that the juvenile is in need of treatment for the use or abuse of alcohol beverages, controlled substances, or controlled substance analogs and its medical, personal, family, or social effects, order the juvenile to enter an outpatient alcohol and other drug abuse treatment program at an approved treatment facility. The approved treatment facility shall, under the terms of a service agreement between the county and the approved treatment facility, or with the written informed consent of the juvenile or the juvenile's parent if the juvenile has not attained the age of 12, report to the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the juvenile as to whether the juvenile is cooperating with the treatment and whether the treatment appears to be effective.
(b) If the report prepared under s. 938.33 (1) recommends that the juvenile is in need of education relating to the use of alcohol beverages, controlled substances, or controlled substance analogs, order the juvenile to participate in an alcohol or other drug abuse education program approved by the court. The person or agency that provides the education program shall, under the terms of a service agreement between the county and the education program, or with the written informed consent of the juvenile or the juvenile's parent if the juvenile has not attained the age of 12, report to the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the juvenile about the juvenile's attendance at the program.
(c) Payment for the court-ordered treatment or education under this subsection in counties that have a pilot program under s. 938.547 shall be in accordance with s. 938.361.
(6s) Drug testing. If the report under s. 938.33 (1) indicates that the juvenile is in need of treatment for the use or abuse of controlled substances or controlled substance analogs, order the juvenile to submit to drug testing under a drug testing program that the department of corrections shall promulgate by rule.
(7d) Education program.
(a) Except as provided in par. (d), order the juvenile to attend any of the following:
1. A nonresidential educational program, including a program for children at risk under s. 118.153, provided by the school district in which the juvenile resides.
2. Under a contractual agreement with the school district in which the juvenile resides, a nonresidential educational program provided by a licensed child welfare agency.
3. Under a contractual agreement with the school district in which the juvenile resides, an educational program provided by a private, nonprofit, nonsectarian agency that is located in the school district in which the juvenile resides and that complies with 42 USC 2000d.
4. Under a contractual agreement with the school district in which the juvenile resides, an educational program provided by a technical college district located in the school district in which the juvenile resides.
5. Under a contractual agreement with the school district in which the child resides, an educational program provided by a tribal school.
(b) The court shall order the school board to disclose the juvenile's pupil records, as defined under s. 118.125 (1) (d), to the county department or licensed child welfare agency responsible for supervising the juvenile, as necessary to determine the juvenile's compliance with the order under par. (a).
(c) The court shall order the county department or licensed child welfare agency responsible for supervising the juvenile to disclose to the school board, technical college district board, tribal school, or private, nonprofit, nonsectarian agency which is providing an educational program under par. (a) 3. records or information about the juvenile, as necessary to assure the provision of appropriate educational services under par. (a).
(d) This subsection does not apply to a juvenile who is a child with a disability, as defined under s. 115.76 (5).
(7g) Experiential education. Order the juvenile to participate in a wilderness challenge program or other experiential education program.
(7j) Youth report center. Order the juvenile to report to a youth report center after school, in the evening, on weekends, on other nonschool days, or at any other time that the juvenile is not under immediate adult supervision, for participation in the social, behavioral, academic, community service, and other programming of the center. Subsection (5g) applies to any community service work performed by a juvenile under this subsection.
(7n) Juvenile offender education program. Order the juvenile to participate in an educational program that is designed to deter future delinquent behavior by focusing on such issues as decision making, assertiveness instead of aggression, family and peer relationships, self-esteem, identification and expression of feelings, alcohol and other drug abuse recognition and errors in thinking and judgment.
(7r) Vocational training. If the report under s. 938.33 (1) recommends that the juvenile is in need of vocational assessment, counseling and training, order the juvenile to participate in that assessment, counseling and training.
(7w) Day treatment program. If the report under s. 938.33 (1) indicates that the juvenile has specialized educational needs, order the juvenile to participate in a day treatment program.
(8) Forfeiture. Impose a forfeiture based upon a determination that this disposition is in the best interest of the juvenile and the juvenile's rehabilitation. The maximum forfeiture that the court may impose under this subsection for a violation by a juvenile is the maximum amount of the fine that may be imposed on an adult for committing that violation or, if the violation is applicable only to a person under 18 years of age, $100. The order shall include a finding that the juvenile alone is financially able to pay the forfeiture and shall allow up to 12 months for payment. If the juvenile fails to pay the forfeiture, the court may vacate the forfeiture and order other alternatives under this section; or the court may suspend any license issued under ch. 29 for not less than 30 days nor more than 5 years, or suspend the juvenile's operating privilege, as defined in s. 340.01 (40), for not more than 2 years. If the court suspends any license under this subsection, the clerk of the court shall immediately take possession of the suspended license if issued under ch. 29 or, if the license is issued under ch. 343, the court may take possession of, and if possession is taken, shall destroy, the license. The court shall forward to the department which issued the license a notice of suspension stating that the suspension is for failure to pay a forfeiture imposed by the court, together with any license issued under ch. 29 of which the court takes possession. If the forfeiture is paid during the period of suspension, the suspension shall be reduced to the time period which has already elapsed and the court shall immediately notify the department which shall then, if the license is issued under ch. 29, return the license to the juvenile. Any recovery under this subsection shall be reduced by the amount recovered as a forfeiture for the same act under s. 938.45 (1r) (b).
(8d) Delinquency victim and witness assistance surcharge.
(a) In addition to any other disposition imposed under this section, the court shall impose a delinquency victim and witness assistance surcharge of $20.
(b) The clerk of court shall collect and transmit the amount to the county treasurer under s. 59.40 (2) (m). The county treasurer shall then make payment to the secretary of administration under s. 59.25 (3) (f) 2.
(c) If a juvenile placed in a juvenile correctional facility or a secured residential care center for children and youth fails to pay the surcharge under par. (a), the department of corrections shall assess and collect the amount owed from the juvenile's wages or other moneys. Any amount collected shall be transmitted to the secretary of administration.
(d) If the juvenile fails to pay the surcharge under par. (a), the court may vacate the surcharge and order other alternatives under this section, in accordance with the conditions specified in this chapter; or the court may suspend any license issued under ch. 29 for not less than 30 days nor more than 5 years, or suspend the juvenile's operating privilege, as defined in s. 340.01 (40), for not less than 30 days nor more than 5 years. If the court suspends any license under this subsection, the clerk of the court shall immediately take possession of the suspended license if issued under ch. 29 or, if the license is issued under ch. 343, the court may take possession of, and if possession is taken, shall destroy, the license. The court shall forward to the department which issued the license a notice of suspension stating that the suspension is for failure to pay a surcharge imposed by the court, together with any license issued under ch. 29 of which the court takes possession. If the surcharge is paid during the period of suspension, the suspension shall be reduced to the time period which has already elapsed and the court shall immediately notify the department which shall then, if the license is issued under ch. 29, return the license to the juvenile.
(11) Transfer to foreign countries under treaty. If a treaty is in effect between the United States and a foreign country, allowing a juvenile adjudged delinquent who is a citizen or national of the foreign country to be transferred to the foreign country and if the juvenile and the juvenile's parent, guardian and legal custodian agree, request the governor to commence a transfer of the juvenile to the juvenile's country.
(13r) Violent violation in a school zone.
(a) If the juvenile is adjudicated delinquent for a violation of a violent crime law specified in s. 939.632 (1) (e) in a school zone, as defined in s. 939.632 (1) (d), require that the juvenile participate for 100 hours in a supervised work program under sub. (5g) or perform 100 hours of other community service work.
(b) The court may not impose the requirement under par. (a) if the court determines that the juvenile would pose a threat to public safety while completing the requirement.
(13t) Graffiti violation. If the juvenile is adjudicated delinquent for a violation of s. 943.017, require that the juvenile participate for not less than 10 hours nor more than 100 hours in a supervised work program under sub. (5g) or perform not less than 10 hours nor more than 100 hours of other community service work, except that if the juvenile has not attained 14 years of age the maximum number of hours is 40.
(14d) Hate violations. In addition to any other disposition imposed under this section, if the juvenile is found to have committed a violation under circumstances in which, if committed by an adult, the adult would be subject to a penalty enhancement under s. 939.645, order any one or more of the following dispositions:
(a) Restitution under sub. (5).
(b) Participation in a supervised work program or other community service work under sub. (5g) or (5m).
(c) Participation in a victim-offender mediation program under sub. (5r) or an other means of apologizing to the victim.
(d) Participation in an educational program under sub. (7n) that includes sensitivity training or training in diversity.
(14m) Violation involving a motor vehicle. Restrict or suspend the operating privilege, as defined in s. 340.01 (40), of a juvenile who is adjudicated delinquent under a violation of any law in which a motor vehicle is involved. If the court suspends a juvenile's operating privilege under this subsection, the court may take possession of the suspended license. If the court takes possession of a license, it shall destroy the license. The court shall forward to the department of transportation a notice stating the reason for and duration of the suspension. If the court limits a juvenile's operating privilege under this subsection, the court shall immediately notify the department of transportation of that limitation.
(14p) Computer violation. If the juvenile is found to have violated s. 943.70, place restrictions on the juvenile's use of computers.
(14q) Certain bomb scares and firearm violations. In addition to any other disposition imposed under this section, if the juvenile is found to have violated s. 947.015 and the property involved is owned or leased by the state or any political subdivision of the state, or if the property involved is a school premises, as defined in s. 948.61 (1) (c), or if the juvenile is found to have violated s. 941.235 or 948.605, immediately suspend the juvenile's operating privilege, as defined in s. 340.01 (40), for 2 years. The court shall immediately forward to the department of transportation the notice of suspension, stating that the suspension is for a violation of s. 947.015 involving school premises, or for a violation of s. 941.235 or 948.605. If otherwise eligible, the juvenile is eligible for an occupational license under s. 343.10.
(14r) Violations relating to controlled substances or controlled substance analogs.
(a) In addition to any other dispositions imposed under this section, if the juvenile is found to have violated ch. 961, the court may suspend the juvenile's operating privilege, as defined in s. 340.01 (40), for not less than 6 months nor more than 5 years. If a court suspends a person's operating privilege under this paragraph, the court may take possession of any suspended license. If the court takes possession of a license, it shall destroy the license. The court shall forward to the department of transportation the notice of suspension stating that the suspension or revocation is for a violation of ch. 961.
(b) This subsection does not apply to violations under s. 961.573 (2), 961.574 (2) or 961.575 (2) or a local ordinance that strictly conforms to one of those statutes.
(c) If the juvenile's license or operating privilege is currently suspended or revoked or if the juvenile does not currently possess a valid operator's license issued under ch. 343, the suspension under this subsection is effective on the date on which the juvenile is first eligible for issuance or reinstatement of an operator's license under ch. 343.
(14s) Possession of controlled substances or controlled substance analogs.
(a) In addition to any other dispositions imposed under this section, if the juvenile is found to have violated s. 961.41 (3g), the court shall order one of the following penalties:
1. For a first violation, a forfeiture of not more than $50.
2. For a violation committed within 12 months of a previous violation, a forfeiture of not more than $100.
3. For a violation committed within 12 months of 2 or more previous violations, a forfeiture of not more than $500.
(am) In addition to any other dispositions imposed under this section, if the juvenile is found to have violated s. 961.41 (1) or (1m) or 961.65, the court shall order one of the following penalties:
1. For a first violation, a forfeiture of not less than $250 nor more than $500.
2. For a violation committed within 12 months of a previous violation, a forfeiture of not less than $300.
3. For a violation committed within 12 months of 2 or more previous violations, a forfeiture of $500.
(b) After ordering a disposition under par. (a) or (am), the court, with the agreement of the juvenile, may enter an additional order staying the execution of the dispositional order. If the court stays a dispositional order under this paragraph, the court shall enter an additional order requiring the juvenile to do any of the following:
1. Submit to an alcohol and other drug abuse assessment that conforms to the criteria specified under s. 938.547 (4) and that is conducted by an approved treatment facility. The order shall designate an approved treatment facility to conduct the alcohol and other drug abuse assessment and shall specify the date by which the assessment must be completed.
2. Participate in an outpatient alcohol or other drug abuse treatment program at an approved treatment facility, if an assessment conducted under subd. 1. or s. 938.295 (1) recommends treatment.
3. Participate in an alcohol or other drug abuse education program.
(c) If the approved treatment facility, with the written informed consent of the juvenile or, if the juvenile has not attained the age of 12, the written informed consent of the juvenile's parent, notifies the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the juvenile that the juvenile has submitted to an assessment under this subsection and that the juvenile does not need treatment, intervention or education, the court shall notify the juvenile of whether or not the original dispositional order will be reinstated.
(d) If the juvenile completes the alcohol or other drug abuse treatment program or court-approved alcohol or other drug abuse education program, the approved treatment facility or court-approved alcohol or other drug abuse education program shall, with the written informed consent of the juvenile or, if the juvenile has not attained the age of 12, the written informed consent of the juvenile's parent, notify the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the juvenile that the juvenile has complied with the order and the court shall notify the juvenile of whether or not the original dispositional order will be reinstated.
(e) If an approved treatment facility or court-approved alcohol or other drug abuse education program, with the written informed consent of the juvenile or, if the juvenile has not attained the age of 12, the written informed consent of the juvenile's parent, notifies the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the juvenile that a juvenile is not participating in, or has not satisfactorily completed, a recommended alcohol or other drug abuse treatment program or a court-approved alcohol or other drug abuse education program, the court shall impose the original disposition under par. (a) or (am).
(14t) Possession of a controlled substance or controlled substance analog on or near certain premises. If the juvenile is adjudicated delinquent under a violation of s. 961.41 (3g) by possessing or attempting to possess a controlled substance included in schedule I or II under ch. 961, a controlled substance analog of a controlled substance included in schedule I or II under ch. 961 or ketamine or flunitrazepam while in or on the premises of a scattered-site public housing project, as defined in s. 961.01 (20i), while in or on or otherwise within 1,000 feet of a state, county, city, village, or town park, a jail or correctional facility, as defined in s. 961.01 (12m), a multiunit public housing project, as defined in s. 961.01 (14m), a swimming pool open to members of the public, a youth center, as defined in s. 961.01 (22), or a community center, while in or on or otherwise within 1,000 feet of any private, tribal, or public school premises, or while in or on or otherwise within 1,000 feet of a school bus, as defined in s. 340.01 (56), the court shall require that the juvenile participate for 100 hours in a supervised work program or other community service work under sub. (5g).
(15) Deoxyribonucleic acid analysis requirements.
(a)
1. If the juvenile is adjudicated delinquent on the basis of a violation that would be a felony if committed by an adult in this state or of a violation of s. 940.225 (3m), 941.20 (1), 944.20, 944.30 (1m), 944.31 (1), 944.33, 946.52, or 948.10 (1) (b), the court shall require the juvenile to comply with the requirement under s. 165.76 (1) (am) by providing a biological specimen to the state crime laboratories for deoxyribonucleic acid analysis. The court shall inform the juvenile that he or she may request expungement under s. 165.77 (4).
3. The results from deoxyribonucleic acid analysis of a specimen under subd. 1. may be used only as authorized under s. 165.77 (3).
(b) Biological samples required under par. (a) 1. shall be obtained and submitted as specified in rules promulgated by the department of justice under s. 165.76 (4).
(15m) Sex offender reporting requirements.
(am)
1. Except as provided in par. (bm), if the juvenile is adjudicated delinquent on the basis of any violation, or the solicitation, conspiracy, or attempt to commit any violation, under ch. 940, 944, or 948 or s. 942.08 or 942.09, or ss. 943.01 to 943.15, the court may require the juvenile to comply with the reporting requirements under s. 301.45 if the court determines that the underlying conduct was sexually motivated, as defined in s. 980.01 (5), and that it would be in the interest of public protection to have the juvenile report under s. 301.45.
2. If the court under subd. 1. orders the juvenile to comply with the reporting requirements under s. 301.45 in connection with a violation, or the solicitation, conspiracy, or attempt to commit a violation, of s. 942.09, the court may provide that the juvenile be released from the requirement to comply with the reporting requirements under s. 301.45 upon satisfying the conditions of the dispositional order imposed for the offense. If the juvenile satisfies the conditions of the dispositional order, the court shall notify the department of corrections that the juvenile has satisfied the conditions of the dispositional order.
(bm) If the juvenile is adjudicated delinquent on the basis of a violation, or the solicitation, conspiracy, or attempt to commit a violation, of s. 940.22 (2), 940.225 (1), (2), or (3), 944.06, 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.05, 948.051, 948.055, 948.06, 948.07, 948.075, 948.08, or 948.085 (2), 948.095, 948.11 (2) (a) or (am), 948.12, 948.13, or 948.30, of s. 940.302 (2) if s. 940.302 (2) (a) 1. b. applies, or of s. 940.30 or 940.31 if the victim was a minor and the juvenile was not the victim's parent, the court shall require the juvenile to comply with the reporting requirements under s. 301.45 unless the court determines, after a hearing on a motion made by the juvenile, that the juvenile is not required to comply under s. 301.45 (1m).
(c) In determining under par. (am) 1. whether it would be in the interest of public protection to have the juvenile report under s. 301.45, the court may consider any of the following:
1. The ages, at the time of the violation, of the juvenile and the victim of the violation.
2. The relationship between the juvenile and the victim of the violation.
3. Whether the violation resulted in bodily harm, as defined in s. 939.22 (4), to the victim.
4. Whether the victim suffered from a mental illness or mental deficiency that rendered him or her temporarily or permanently incapable of understanding or evaluating the consequences of his or her actions.
5. The probability that the juvenile will commit other violations in the future.
7. Any other factor that the court determines may be relevant to the particular case.
(d) If the court orders a juvenile to comply with the reporting requirements under s. 301.45, the court may order the juvenile to continue to comply with the reporting requirements until his or her death.
(e) If the court orders a juvenile to comply with the reporting requirements under s. 301.45, the clerk of the court in which the order is entered shall promptly forward a copy of the order to the department of corrections. If the finding of delinquency on which the order is based is reversed, set aside or vacated, the clerk of the court shall promptly forward to the department of corrections a certificate stating that the finding of delinquency has been reversed, set aside or vacated.
(16) Stay of order. After ordering a disposition under this section, enter an additional order staying the execution of the dispositional order contingent on the juvenile's satisfactory compliance with any conditions that are specified in the dispositional order and explained to the juvenile by the court. If the juvenile violates a condition of his or her dispositional order, the agency supervising the juvenile or the district attorney or corporation counsel in the county in which the dispositional order was entered shall notify the court and the court shall hold a hearing within 30 days after the filing of the notice to determine whether the original dispositional order should be imposed, unless the juvenile signs a written waiver of any objections to imposing the original dispositional order and the court approves the waiver. If a hearing is held, the court shall notify the parent, juvenile, guardian, and legal custodian, all parties bound by the original dispositional order, and the district attorney or corporation counsel in the county in which the dispositional order was entered of the time and place of the hearing at least 3 days before the hearing. If all parties consent, the court may proceed immediately with the hearing. The court may not impose the original dispositional order unless the court finds by a preponderance of the evidence that the juvenile has violated a condition of his or her dispositional order.
History: 1995 a. 77, 352, 440, 448; 1997 a. 27, 35, 36, 84, 130, 164, 183, 205; 1999 a. 9, 32, 57, 89, 185; 2001 a. 16, 59, 69, 109; 2003 a. 33, 50, 200, 321; 2005 a. 14, 253, 277, 344; 2007 a. 97, 116; 2009 a. 8, 28, 103, 137, 185, 302, 334; 2011 a. 32, 258; 2013 a. 20; 2013 a. 165 s. 115; 2013 a. 362; 2015 a. 55; 2017 a. 131, 185; 2019 a. 8 ss. 32 to 34, 71; 2021 a. 72, 76; 2021 a. 238 s. 45.
Sub. (4h) does not encompass similar offenses from other jurisdictions. A juvenile may not be placed in the serious juvenile offender program on the basis that the juvenile is adjudicated delinquent for violating similar statutes in other jurisdictions. State v. David L.W., 213 Wis. 2d 277, 570 N.W.2d 582 (Ct. App. 1997), 97-0606.
Sub. (16) permits a court to stay imposition of a dispositional order, including revisions. Failure to comply can trigger commencement of the stayed portion commencing when the stay is lifted and terminating upon the completion of the term stated in the stayed order. State v. Kendall G., 2001 WI App 95, 243 Wis. 2d 67, 625 N.W.2d 918, 00-3240.
Placement in the serious juvenile offender program under sub. (4h) must occur at an original disposition. It is not a disposition to extend, revise, or change a placement already in effect. State v. Terry T., 2002 WI App 81, 251 Wis. 2d 462, 643 N.W.2d 175, 01-2226.
A circuit court has discretion under sub. (16) to stay that part of a dispositional order requiring a delinquent child to register as a sex offender. In determining whether to stay an order, a court should consider the seriousness of the offense as well as the factors enumerated in sub. (15m) (c) and s. 301.45 (1m) (e). Sex offender registration is part of a disposition under this section and sub. (16) allows a circuit court to stay a dispositional order or any number of the dispositions set forth within the order. State v. Cesar G., 2004 WI 61, 272 Wis. 2d 22, 682 N.W.2d 1, 02-2106.
Mandatory sex offender registration under sub. (15m) is not criminal punishment. If a provision is not criminal punishment, there is no constitutional right to a jury trial. Sub. (15m) does not violate the guarantees of substantive due process or equal protection. State v. Jeremy P., 2005 WI App 13, 278 Wis. 2d 366, 692 N.W.2d 311, 04-0360.
Sub. (4m) permits a juvenile court to order an adjudged delinquent to a secured correctional facility. Under sub. (16), a trial court, after ordering a disposition, may stay the execution of the dispositional order contingent on the juvenile's satisfactory compliance with any conditions the court specifies in the dispositional order and explains to the juvenile. That the Racine County juvenile court, Racine County Human Services Department and Racine Unified School District joined together to offer a voluntary residential treatment program for adjudged juvenile delinquents as an alternative to a “secured correctional facility" not found in this section does not make a juvenile's participation illegal. State v. Andrew J.K., 2006 WI App 126, 293 Wis. 2d 739, 718 N.W.2d 229, 05-2395.
Under sub. (5) (a) assessing the damages to the victim is the first step in the court's determination of restitution and determining the amount the juvenile is capable of paying is the second. Whichever amount is lower is the maximum amount that the court may order as restitution. Under s. 895.035 (2m) (a), courts are without authority to order that the “total damage" figure be converted to a civil judgment. Section 895.035 (2m) (a) allows only for the conversion of restitution. State v. Anthony D., 2006 WI App 218, 296 Wis. 2d 771, 723 N.W. 2d 775, 05-2644.
Section 938.355 provides a variety of sanctions for juveniles who have violated their dispositional orders. Section 938.357 enumerates the ways in which a juvenile's placement may be changed. Nothing in either statute indicates that it is to be the exclusive mechanism for violation of a disposition order. Section 938.34 (16) specifically allows an alternative procedure for dealing with violations of a disposition order when part of the disposition is imposed and stayed. State v. Richard J.D., 2006 WI App 242, 297 Wis. 2d 20, 724 N.W.2d 665, 06-0555.
Sub. (7d) authorizes a circuit court to order a juvenile to attend a variety of educational programs, but it does not authorize a circuit court to order a school district to create an educational program or contract for an educational program. Madison Metropolitan School District v. Circuit Court for Dane County, 2011 WI 72, 336 Wis. 2d 95, 800 N.W.2d 442, 09-2845.
Dispositions: Increased Options. Ruscitti. Wis. Law. Apr. 1996.

Structure Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations