(a) If a court as a matter of law finds a contract or a term thereof to have been unconscionable at the time it was made, the court may refuse to enforce the contract, enforce the remainder of the contract without the unconscionable term, or limit the application of the unconscionable term so as to avoid an unconscionable result.
(b) If a court as a matter of law finds a contract or a term thereof has been induced by unconscionable conduct or that unconscionable conduct has occurred in the collection of a claim arising from the contract, the court may grant appropriate relief.
(c) If it is claimed or appears to the court that a contract or term thereof may be unconscionable, the parties must be afforded a reasonable opportunity to present evidence as to its commercial setting, purpose, and effect to aid the court in making the determination.
2000, cc. 101, 996.
Structure Code of Virginia
Title 59.1 - Trade and Commerce
Chapter 43 - Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act
§ 59.1-501.3. Scope; exclusions
§ 59.1-501.4:1. Consumer protection law governs
§ 59.1-501.6. Rule of construction
§ 59.1-501.7. Legal recognition of electronic record and authentication; use of electronic agents
§ 59.1-501.8. Proof and effect of authentication
§ 59.1-501.10. Contractual choice of forum
§ 59.1-501.11. Unconscionable contract or term
§ 59.1-501.12. Manifesting assent
§ 59.1-501.13:1. Opportunity to review
§ 59.1-501.14:1. Pretransaction disclosures in Internet-type transactions
§ 59.1-501.15. Variation by agreement; commercial practice
§ 59.1-501.16. Supplemental principles; good faith; commercial practice
§ 59.1-501.17. Decision for court; legal consequences; reasonable time; reason to know
§ 59.1-502.1. Formal requirements
§ 59.1-502.2. Formation in general
§ 59.1-502.3. Offer and acceptance in general
§ 59.1-502.4. Acceptance with varying terms
§ 59.1-502.5. Conditional offer or acceptance
§ 59.1-502.6. Offer and acceptance; electronic agents
§ 59.1-502.7. Formation; releases of informational rights
§ 59.1-502.8. Adopting terms of records
§ 59.1-502.9. Mass-market license
§ 59.1-502.10. Terms of contract formed by conduct
§ 59.1-502.12. Efficacy and commercial reasonableness of attribution procedure
§ 59.1-502.13. Determining attribution
§ 59.1-502.14. Electronic error; consumer defenses
§ 59.1-502.15. Electronic message; when effective; effect of acknowledgment
§ 59.1-502.16. Idea or information submission
§ 59.1-503.1. Parol or extrinsic evidence
§ 59.1-503.2. Practical construction
§ 59.1-503.3. Modification and rescission
§ 59.1-503.4. Continuing contractual terms
§ 59.1-503.5. Terms to be specified
§ 59.1-503.6. Performance under open terms
§ 59.1-503.7. Interpretation and requirements for grant
§ 59.1-503.9. Agreement for performance to party's satisfaction
§ 59.1-503.10. Licenses to nonprofit libraries, archives or educational institutions
§ 59.1-504.1. Warranty and obligations concerning noninterference and noninfringement
§ 59.1-504.2. Express warranty
§ 59.1-504.3. Implied warranty; merchantability of computer program
§ 59.1-504.4. Implied warranty; informational content
§ 59.1-504.5. Implied warranty; licensee's purpose; system integration
§ 59.1-504.6. Disclaimer or modification of warranty
§ 59.1-504.7. Modification of computer program
§ 59.1-504.8. Cumulation and conflict of warranties
§ 59.1-504.9. Third-party beneficiaries of warranty
§ 59.1-504.10. No implied warranties for free software
§ 59.1-505.1. Ownership of informational rights
§ 59.1-505.3. Transfer of contractual interest
§ 59.1-505.4. Effect of transfer of contractual interest
§ 59.1-505.5. Performance by delegate; subcontract
§ 59.1-505.6. Transfer by licensee
§ 59.1-505.7. Financing if financier does not become licensee
§ 59.1-505.8. Finance licenses
§ 59.1-505.9. Financing arrangements; obligations irrevocable
§ 59.1-505.10. Financing arrangements; remedies or enforcement
§ 59.1-505.11. Financing arrangements; effect on licensor's rights
§ 59.1-506.1. Performance of contract in general
§ 59.1-506.2. Licensor's obligations to enable use
§ 59.1-506.3. Submissions of information to satisfaction of party
§ 59.1-506.4. Immediately completed performance
§ 59.1-506.5. Electronic regulation of performance
§ 59.1-506.6. Copy; delivery; tender of delivery
§ 59.1-506.7. Copy; performance related to delivery; payment
§ 59.1-506.8. Copy; right to inspect; payment before inspection
§ 59.1-506.9. Copy; when acceptance occurs
§ 59.1-506.10. Copy; effect of acceptance; burden of establishing; notice of claims
§ 59.1-506.11. Access contracts
§ 59.1-506.12. Correction and support contracts
§ 59.1-506.13. Contracts involving publishers, dealers, and end users
§ 59.1-506.14. Risk of loss of copy
§ 59.1-506.15. Excuse by failure of presupposed conditions
§ 59.1-506.16. Termination; survival of obligations
§ 59.1-506.17. Notice of termination
§ 59.1-506.18. Termination; enforcement
§ 59.1-507.1. Breach of contract; material breach
§ 59.1-507.2. Waiver of remedy for breach of contract
§ 59.1-507.3. Cure of breach of contract
§ 59.1-507.4. Copy; refusal of defective tender
§ 59.1-507.5. Copy; contract with previous vested grant of rights
§ 59.1-507.6. Copy; duties upon rightful refusal
§ 59.1-507.7. Copy; revocation of acceptance
§ 59.1-507.8. Adequate assurance of performance
§ 59.1-507.9. Anticipatory repudiation
§ 59.1-507.10. Retraction of anticipatory repudiation
§ 59.1-508.1. Remedies in general
§ 59.1-508.3. Contractual modification of remedy
§ 59.1-508.4. Liquidation of damages
§ 59.1-508.5. Limitation of actions
§ 59.1-508.6. Remedies for fraud
§ 59.1-508.7. Measurement of damages in general
§ 59.1-508.8. Licensor's damages
§ 59.1-508.9. Licensee's damages
§ 59.1-508.11. Specific performance
§ 59.1-508.12. Completing performance
§ 59.1-508.14. Discontinuing access
§ 59.1-508.15. Right to possession and to prevent use