Code of Virginia
Title 59.1 - Trade and Commerce

§ 59.1-9.7. Discriminatory practices unlawful; proof; payment or acceptance of certain commissions, etc., unlawful - (a) It is unlawful for any person engaged in commerce,...

§ 59.1-9.8. Forum; restraining orders and injunctions; penalties - Actions and proceedings for violations of this chapter shall be...

§ 59.1-9.9. Venue - The venue for all actions and proceedings for violations of...

§ 59.1-9.10. Investigation by Attorney General of suspected violations; civil investigative demand to witnesses; access to business records, etc. - A. Whenever it shall appear to the Attorney General, either...

§ 59.1-9.11. Penalty for flagrant violations - In any action or proceeding brought under § 59.1-9.15 (a)...

§ 59.1-9.12. Personal suit for injunction or actual damages - (a) Any person threatened with injury or damage to his...

§ 59.1-9.13. Effect of conviction in other proceedings - A final judgment or decree to the effect that a...

§ 59.1-9.14. Limitation of actions - (a) An action under § 59.1-9.15 (a) to recover a...

§ 59.1-9.15. Actions on behalf of Commonwealth or localities; injunctive relief; damages - (a) The Attorney General on behalf of the Commonwealth, or...

§ 59.1-9.16. Remedies cumulative - The remedies in this chapter are cumulative. 1974, c. 545.

§ 59.1-9.17. Construction of chapter - This chapter shall be applied and construed to effectuate its...

§ 59.1-9.18. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2015, c. 709, cl. 2.

Chapter 2 - Unfair Sales Act

§ 59.1-10. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1984, c. 582.

Chapter 2.1 - Virginia Home Solicitation Sales Act

§ 59.1-21.1. Citation of chapter - This chapter shall be known, and may be cited, as...

§ 59.1-21.2. Definitions - A. "Home solicitation sale" means: 1. A consumer sale or...

§ 59.1-21.3. Cancellation of sale - (1) Except as provided in subsection (5), in addition to...

§ 59.1-21.4. Receipt or written agreement - (1) In a home solicitation sale, unless the buyer requests...

§ 59.1-21.5. Tender of payments to buyer - (1) Except as provided in this section, within ten days...

§ 59.1-21.6. Tender of goods to seller - (1) Except as provided by the provisions of § 59.1-21.5...

§ 59.1-21.7. Cancellation of contract when seller has misrepresented nature or purpose of transaction - Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if at the time...

§ 59.1-21.7:1. Enforcement; penalties - Any violation of the provisions of this chapter shall constitute...

Chapter 2.2 - Virginia Petroleum Products Franchise Act

§ 59.1-21.8. Short title - This chapter may be cited as the "Virginia Petroleum Products...

§ 59.1-21.9. Findings of General Assembly - The General Assembly finds and declares that since the distribution...

§ 59.1-21.10. Definitions - As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have...

§ 59.1-21.11. Required provisions pertaining to agreements between refiners and dealers - Every agreement between a refiner and a dealer shall be...

§ 59.1-21.11:1. Waiver of constitutional rights prohibited - Any provision in any agreement or franchise subject to the...

§ 59.1-21.12. Civil action for violation of chapter - A. Any person who violates any provision of this chapter...

§ 59.1-21.13. Obligation of refiner to repurchase upon termination, etc., of agreement - In the event of any termination, cancellation, or failure to...

§ 59.1-21.14. Producer or refiner not to terminate, etc., agreement without notice and reasonable cause; nonrenewal by franchisor - A. A producer or refiner shall not terminate, cancel, or...

§ 59.1-21.15. Disclosures to be made by refiner before conclusion of agreement - A refiner shall disclose to any prospective dealer the following...

§ 59.1-21.15:1. Continued rights of dealers upon sale or assignment of franchise agreement - Any franchise between a dealer and a refiner located in...

§ 59.1-21.15:2. Franchisor's obligation to offer leased marketing premises to occupying dealer - A. As used in this section, unless the context requires...

§ 59.1-21.16. Authority of Attorney General under § 59.1-68.2 not limited - Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as limiting the...

§ 59.1-21.16:1. Expired - Expired.

§ 59.1-21.16:2. Operation of retail outlet by refiner; apportionment of fuels during periods of shortage; rules and regulations - A. After July 1, 1979, no refiner of petroleum products...

§ 59.1-21.17. Effective date of chapter - The provisions of this chapter shall be applicable to franchise...

§ 59.1-21.18. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2015, c. 709, cl. 2.

§ 59.1-21.18:1. Exclusions - Franchise agreements subject to the provisions of this chapter shall...

Chapter 2.2:1 - Emergency Petroleum Products Supply Act

§ 59.1-21.18:2. Definitions - As used in this chapter, unless the context requires otherwise,...

§ 59.1-21.18:3. Prohibited acts - Except in the event of failure by any distributor in...

§ 59.1-21.18:4. Exemptions under chapter - A supplier shall be authorized to reduce or discontinue monthly...

Chapter 2.3 - Equal Credit Opportunity Act

§ 59.1-21.19. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2010, c. 794, cl. 11, effective October...

Chapter 3 - Trusts, Combinations and Monopolies

§ 59.1-41. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1974, c. 545.

Chapter 3.1 - Records, Tapes and Other Recorded Devices

§ 59.1-41.1. "Owner" defined - As used in this chapter, "owner" means the person who...

§ 59.1-41.2. Recording of live concerts or recorded sounds and distribution, etc., of such recordings unlawful in certain circumstances - It shall be unlawful for any person to: 1. Knowingly...

§ 59.1-41.3. Selling or renting, etc., of certain recorded devices unlawful - It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly sell,...

§ 59.1-41.4. Recorded devices to show true name of manufacturer - Ninety days after July 1, 1972, every recorded device sold,...

§ 59.1-41.5. Confiscation of nonconforming recorded devices - Ninety days after July 1, 1972, it shall be the...

§ 59.1-41.6. Penalties for violation of chapter - Violations of this chapter are punishable as follows: 1. Except...

Chapter 4 - Misrepresentations and Other Offenses Connected with Sales

§ 59.1-42. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1975, c. 589.

Chapter 4.1 - Remedies for Violations of Preceding Chapters and Chapter 6, Article 8, of Title 18.2

§ 59.1-68.2. Authority of Attorney General - Notwithstanding any other provisions of the law to the contrary,...

§ 59.1-68.3. Action for damages or penalty for violation of Article 8, Chapter 6 of Title 18.2 or Chapter 2.1 of Title 59.1; attorney's fees - Any person who suffers loss as the result of a...

§ 59.1-68.4. Suits by attorneys for the Commonwealth and city and county attorneys - Notwithstanding any other provisions of the law to the contrary,...

§ 59.1-68.5. Further provisions as to actions for violation of Article 8, Chapter 6 of Title 18.2 - Any person who suffers loss as the result of a...

Chapter 4.2 - Conspiracy to Rig Bids to Government

§ 59.1-68.6. Definitions - As used in this chapter, unless the text indicates otherwise:...

§ 59.1-68.7. Combinations to rig bids - A. Any combination, conspiracy or agreement to intentionally rig, alter...

§ 59.1-68.8. Enforcement - The Attorney General of Virginia, with respect to state agencies...

Chapter 5 - Transacting Business under Assumed Name

§ 59.1-69. Certificate required of person transacting business under assumed name - A. As used in this chapter, unless the context requires...

§ 59.1-70. Filing a certificate with State Corporation Commission; fee - A. The certificate of assumed or fictitious name shall be...

§ 59.1-70.1. Certificate of release - A. When a person is no longer conducting business in...

§ 59.1-71. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2002, c. 267, effective July 1, 2002.

§ 59.1-73. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1994, c. 432.

§ 59.1-74. Recordation of certificate and registration of names - A. The clerk of the court with whom a certificate...

§ 59.1-75. Penalty for violation - Any person violating any of the provisions of this chapter...

§ 59.1-75.1. Penalty for signing false certificate - A. It is unlawful for any person to sign a...

§ 59.1-76. Effect of failure to file certificate on right of action - The failure of any person or corporation to comply with...

Chapter 6 - Registration and Protection of Trademarks, Service Marks, and Case Marks

§ 59.1-77. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1998, c. 819.

Chapter 6.1 - Registration and Protection of Trademarks and Service Marks

§ 59.1-92.1. Short title - This chapter shall be known as the "Virginia Trademark and...

§ 59.1-92.2. Definitions - As used in this chapter, the following words shall have...

§ 59.1-92.3. Registrability - A mark by which the goods or services of any...

§ 59.1-92.4. Application for registration - Subject to the limitations set forth in this chapter, any...

§ 59.1-92.5. Filing of applications - A. Upon the filing of an application for registration and...

§ 59.1-92.6. Certificate of registration - Upon compliance by the applicant with the requirements of this...

§ 59.1-92.7. Duration and renewal - A registration of a mark hereunder shall be effective for...

§ 59.1-92.8. Assignments and changes of name - A. Any mark and its registration hereunder shall be assignable...

§ 59.1-92.9. Records - The Commission shall keep for public examination a record of...

§ 59.1-92.10. Cancellation - A. The Commission shall cancel, in whole or in part:...

§ 59.1-92.11. Classification - The Commission shall by regulation establish a classification of goods...

§ 59.1-92.12. Infringement - Subject to the provisions of § 59.1-92.15, any person who...

§ 59.1-92.13. Remedies and penalties - A. Any owner of a registered mark in force and...

§ 59.1-92.14. Service on out-of-state registrants - In any action brought against a nonresident registrant, service may...

§ 59.1-92.15. Common law rights - Nothing herein shall adversely affect the rights or the enforcement...

§ 59.1-92.16. Fees - The Commission shall by regulation prescribe the fees payable for...

§ 59.1-92.17. Commission may consider final judgments - In any proceeding before the Commission involving the right to...

§ 59.1-92.18. Appeals from final action of Commission - From any final action of the Commission under the provisions...

§ 59.1-92.19. Regulations and forms - A. The Commission shall have authority from time to time...

§ 59.1-92.20. Fees to cover expense of regulation - The fees paid into the state treasury under this chapter,...

§ 59.1-92.21. Olympic symbols - A. Without the permission of the United States Olympic Committee,...

§ 59.1-92.22. Use of name, logo, or symbol of a bank, trust company, savings institution, or credit union - Any bank, trust company, savings institution, or credit union whose...

Chapter 7 - Names, Marks and Devices on Certain Containers and Other Articles

§ 59.1-93. "Person" defined - The word "person" as used in this chapter shall mean...

§ 59.1-94. Filing and publication of description of names, marks or devices - Any person engaged in manufacturing, bottling or selling soda waters,...

§ 59.1-95. Certified copy as evidence; fees of the State Corporation Commission - A certified copy of the description of the names, marks...

§ 59.1-95.1. Fees to cover expense of regulation - The fees paid into the state treasury under this chapter,...

§ 59.1-96. Offenses and punishments - It shall be unlawful for any person to fill with...

§ 59.1-97. Presumptive evidence of unlawful use and trafficking in marked containers and other articles - The use by any person other than the person whose...

§ 59.1-98. Procedure when violation charged; awarding possession of property to owner - Whenever any person mentioned in § 59.1-94 or his agent...

§ 59.1-99. Right of appeal; commitment to jail; return and filing of papers - Any person convicted under the provisions of § 59.1-98 shall...

§ 59.1-100. Trial on appeal - The appeal shall be tried without formal pleadings in writing,...

§ 59.1-101. Requiring or accepting deposit upon property not deemed a sale thereof - The requiring, taking or accepting of any deposit, for any...

§ 59.1-102. Records; previous filing and publishing of names, marks, etc. - The Secretary of the Commonwealth shall deliver the records of...

Chapter 7.1 - Safety Glazing

§ 59.1-102.1. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1974, c. 233.

Chapter 8 - Timber Brands

§ 59.1-103. Persons engaged in lumbering or rafting on certain waters may adopt mark of designation - It shall be lawful for any person at any time...

§ 59.1-104. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1994, c. 432.

§ 59.1-105. Certificate as evidence of right to use marks - Any certificate of such mark of designation shall be prima...

§ 59.1-106. Sale of unclaimed timber, etc., found adrift; disposition of proceeds - Any person, except the owner thereof, taking up and securing...

§ 59.1-107. Fraudulent use of mark or claim of ownership; defacement of mark, etc.; destruction or conversion of timber, etc. - If any person shall fraudulently or willfully use any such...

§ 59.1-108. Who are timber dealers - Every person, firm or corporation dealing in logs or timber...

§ 59.1-109. Timber dealer may adopt brand or trademark; recordation - Every such dealer desiring to adopt a brand or trademark...

§ 59.1-110. Using recorded brand or trademark without authority - Every brand or trademark so adopted shall, from the date...

§ 59.1-111. Unauthorized use of dealer's branding iron, or defacing, etc., marks made by it - Every timber dealer may have a branding iron or hammer...

§ 59.1-112. Fraudulently impressing brand on timber - If any person shall knowingly or fraudulently impress or place...

§ 59.1-113. Effect of impressing brand on tree, etc. - The placing or impressing such brand or trademark on a...

§ 59.1-114. Unlawful cutting down, possessing or converting branded timber - Any person who shall cut down a tree or shall...

§ 59.1-115. Sheriff's sale of unbranded timber; recovery by owner; disposition of proceeds - Every person who shall take, catch, hold or have in...

§ 59.1-116. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1994, c. 432.

Chapter 9 - Secondhand Articles

§ 59.1-116.1. Definitions - As used in this article, unless the context requires a...

§ 59.1-117. Permit required for trading in secondhand building fixtures - Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, no person shall...

§ 59.1-118. Permit issued by chief of police or sheriff; revocation - The chief of police of a city or the sheriff...

§ 59.1-119. Who deemed a dealer - Every person who is regularly engaged in the purchasing or...

§ 59.1-119.1. Dealer required to show permit and identification - Every dealer making a sale or purchase of a secondhand...

§ 59.1-120. Recordkeeping requirements - A. At the time of purchasing, collecting, receiving, or acquiring...

§ 59.1-121. Reports to be made to chief of police or sheriff - Every junk dealer selling or acquiring secondhand building materials of...

§ 59.1-122. Books and places of business open to inspection - The books required by this article to be kept, and...

§ 59.1-123. Exemptions from article - The provisions of this article shall not apply to: 1....

§ 59.1-124. Penalty for violation - Any person who violates this article shall be guilty of...

§ 59.1-125. When unlawful to buy - It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation...

§ 59.1-126. Receipt or bill of sale to be taken by buyer; sales procedures - Any person buying, at public or private sale, any such...

§ 59.1-127. Violation of § 59.1-125 or § 59.1-126 a misdemeanor; revocation of dealer's license - Any person violating any of the provisions of § 59.1-125...

§ 59.1-128. When unlawful to buy, exchange, etc., secondhand copper or aluminum wire - It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation...

§ 59.1-129. Requirements when articles mentioned in § 59.1-128 are bought, exchanged, etc. - A. Any person, firm or corporation which shall barter, purchase,...

§ 59.1-130. Punishment for violation of § 59.1-128 or § 59.1-129 - Any person violating any of the provisions of § 59.1-128...

§ 59.1-131. When watch deemed secondhand - A watch shall be deemed to be secondhand if (1)...

§ 59.1-132. Tag to be affixed to watch - Any person, firm, partnership, association or corporation engaged in the...

§ 59.1-133. Invoice to be furnished to purchaser - Any person, firm, partnership, association or corporation engaged in the...

§ 59.1-134. Advertisement or display - Any person, firm, partnership, association or corporation, or any agent...

§ 59.1-135. Penalty for violation - Any person, firm, partnership, association or corporation, or any agent...

§ 59.1-136. Pawnbrokers' auction sales exempted - The provisions of this article shall not apply to pawnbrokers'...

§ 59.1-136.1. Definitions - For the purpose of this article: "Authorized scrap seller" means...

§ 59.1-136.2. Purchases of ferrous scrap - Except as provided in § 59.1-136.4, scrap metal processors may...

§ 59.1-136.3. Purchases of nonferrous scrap, metal articles, and proprietary articles - A. Except as provided in § 59.1-136.4, scrap metal purchasers...

§ 59.1-136.4. Purchases of materials from minors - Scrap metal processors shall not purchase ferrous scrap, nonferrous scrap,...

§ 59.1-136.5. Reports of purchases by scrap metal purchasers - If requested by the chief law-enforcement officer of the locality...

§ 59.1-136.6. Penalties - A. Any scrap metal purchaser who negligently violates any provisions...

§ 59.1-136.7. Exemption - Nothing in this article shall apply to the purchase, sale...

Chapter 10 - Explosives

§ 59.1-137. Definition - Whenever used in this chapter: "Explosives" means any chemical compound,...

§ 59.1-138. Record of sales required; signing by purchasers; sales to persons under eighteen prohibited - (a) Any person selling any explosives covered by this chapter...

§ 59.1-139. Persons possessing explosives to give notice of theft - Any person having in his possession any explosives covered by...

§ 59.1-140. Effect of chapter upon municipal regulation - Nothing contained in this chapter shall: Affect any existing ordinance,...

§ 59.1-141. Penalty - Any person who violates any provision of this chapter shall...

Chapter 11 - Fireworks

§ 59.1-142. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2002, c. 856, effective July 1, 2002.

Chapter 11.1 - Firearms

§ 59.1-148.1. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 929.

§ 59.1-148.3. Purchase of handguns or other weapons of certain officers - A. The Department of State Police, the Department of Wildlife...

§ 59.1-148.4. Sale of firearms by law-enforcement agencies prohibited; exception - A law-enforcement agency of this Commonwealth shall not sell or...

Chapter 12 - Motor Fuels and Lubricating Oils

§ 59.1-149. Definitions - As used in this chapter: "Commissioner" means the Commissioner of...

§ 59.1-150. Motor fuel subject to inspection and testing - All motor fuel used, intended to be used, sold or...

§ 59.1-151. Statements to be filed by manufacturers, wholesalers and jobbers - All manufacturers, wholesalers, and jobbers, before selling or offering for...

§ 59.1-152. Collection and analysis of samples - The Commissioner shall have power at all times and at...

§ 59.1-153. Methods of making inspection - In making any inspection and test of a motor fuel...

§ 59.1-154. Inspection and testing under supervision of Commissioner - Inspection and testing of such motor fuel or lubricating oil...

§ 59.1-155. Prohibiting sale of defective motor fuel - The Commissioner may prohibit the sale of motor fuel that...

§ 59.1-155.1. Engine coolant and antifreeze bittering agent; penalty - A. Any engine coolant or antifreeze manufactured after January 1,...

§ 59.1-156. Rules and regulations - A. The Board of Agriculture and Consumer Services may make...

§ 59.1-157. Complaints to Commissioner - The Commissioner shall investigate complaints made to him concerning alleged...

§ 59.1-158. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1992, c. 885.

§ 59.1-162. Cooperation by state agencies - The Commonwealth Transportation Board and the Department of Motor Vehicles...

§ 59.1-162.1. Direct fueling of commercial vehicles authorized; conditions - Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the dispensing of diesel...

§ 59.1-163. Penalty for violation - Any person selling any motor fuel or lubricating oil which...

§ 59.1-164. Duty of attorney for the Commonwealth - It shall be the duty of the attorney for the...

§ 59.1-165. Chemical analysis as evidence - A certificate of analysis of any motor fuel or lubricating...

§ 59.1-166. Enforcement by Commissioner - It shall be the duty of the Commissioner to enforce...

§ 59.1-167. Conflicting local laws and ordinances prohibited - Cities, towns, counties and other political subdivisions of this Commonwealth...

§ 59.1-167.1. Labeling of motor fuels; notification to reseller - A. Every dispensing device used in the retail sale of...

§ 59.1-167.2. Civil penalties - A. In addition to the penalties prescribed in § 59.1-163,...

§ 59.1-167.3. Delegation of authority - The Board may delegate any authority vested in it under...

Chapter 13 - Boilers and Pressure Vessels

§ 59.1-168. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1972, c. 237.

Chapter 14 - Virginia Paint Law

§ 59.1-177. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1983, c. 209.

Chapter 15 - Storage Batteries

§ 59.1-189. Labels and stamps required - No storage batteries intended for use in connection in any...

§ 59.1-190. Rebuilt batteries - To every storage battery which has been rebuilt and offered...

§ 59.1-191. Penalty for violation - Any person, firm or corporation violating any of the provisions...

Chapter 16 - Purchase of Livestock from Unknown Person

§ 59.1-192. "Person" defined - As used in this chapter the term "person" shall mean...

§ 59.1-193. Record to be kept by purchaser of livestock delivered by motor vehicle - It shall be unlawful for any dealer in or slaughterer...

§ 59.1-194. Record available for inspection - The purchaser shall keep such record for a period of...

§ 59.1-195. Penalty for violation - Any person who shall violate any provision of this chapter...

Chapter 17 - Virginia Consumer Protection Act

§ 59.1-196. Title - This chapter may be cited as the Virginia Consumer Protection...

§ 59.1-197. Intent - It is the intent of the General Assembly that this...

§ 59.1-198. Definitions - As used in this chapter: "Business opportunity" means the sale...

§ 59.1-199. Exclusions - Nothing in this chapter shall apply to: A. Any aspect...

§ 59.1-200. Prohibited practices - A. The following fraudulent acts or practices committed by a...

§ 59.1-200.1. Prohibited practices; foreclosure rescue - A. In addition to the provisions of § 59.1-200, the...

§ 59.1-201. Civil investigative orders - A. Whenever the attorney for the Commonwealth or the attorney...

§ 59.1-201.1. Attorney General empowered to issue civil investigative demands - Whenever the Attorney General has reasonable cause to believe that...

§ 59.1-202. Assurances of voluntary compliance - A. The Attorney General, the attorney for the Commonwealth, or...

§ 59.1-203. Restraining prohibited acts - A. Notwithstanding any other provisions of law to the contrary,...

§ 59.1-204. Individual action for damages or penalty - A. Any person who suffers loss as the result of...

§ 59.1-204.1. Tolling of limitation - A. Any individual action pursuant to § 59.1-204 for which...

§ 59.1-205. Additional relief - The circuit court may make such additional orders or decrees...

§ 59.1-206. Civil penalties; attorney's fees - A. In any action brought under this chapter, if the...

§ 59.1-207. Unintentional violations - In any case arising under this chapter, no liability shall...

Chapter 17.1 - Automobile Repair Facilities Act

§ 59.1-207.1. Title of chapter - This chapter may be cited as the Automobile Repair Facilities...

§ 59.1-207.2. Definitions - As used in this chapter: 1. "Motor vehicle" shall mean...

§ 59.1-207.3. Written estimate for repair work required upon request; charge in excess of estimate; conditions; display of sign required; limitations on liability for delay; exception - A. Upon request by a customer, prior to the commencement...

§ 59.1-207.4. Offer to return replaced parts required; customer's right to inspect parts - An automobile repair facility shall offer at the time the...

§ 59.1-207.5. Written invoice required upon completion of repair work - Upon completion of any repair work on a motor vehicle,...

§ 59.1-207.5:1. Sale or installation of motor vehicle glass; prohibited conduct - No person selling or engaged in the sale, installation, or...

§ 59.1-207.6. Enforcement; penalties - Any violation of the provisions of this chapter shall constitute...

Chapter 17.2 - Agricultural Equipment Warranties

§ 59.1-207.7. Definitions - As used in this chapter unless the context requires otherwise:...

§ 59.1-207.8. Protection against defective agricultural equipment; applicability of chapter - A. If agricultural equipment does not conform to all applicable...

Chapter 17.3 - Motor Vehicle Warranty Enforcement Act

§ 59.1-207.9. Short title - This chapter may be cited as the Virginia Motor Vehicle...

§ 59.1-207.10. Intent - The General Assembly recognizes that a motor vehicle is a...

§ 59.1-207.11. Definitions - As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have...

§ 59.1-207.12. Conformity to all warranties - If a new motor vehicle does not conform to all...

§ 59.1-207.13. Nonconformity of motor vehicles - A. If the manufacturer, its agents or authorized dealers do...

§ 59.1-207.14. Action to enforce provisions of chapter - Any consumer who suffers loss by reason of a violation...

§ 59.1-207.15. Informal dispute settlement procedure - A. If a manufacturer provides an informal dispute settlement procedure,...

§ 59.1-207.16. Action to be brought within certain time - Any action brought under this chapter shall be commenced within...

§ 59.1-207.16:1. Disclosure of returned vehicles; penalty - A. If a motor vehicle that is returned to the...

Chapter 17.4 - Virginia Lease-Purchase Agreement Act

§ 59.1-207.17. Title - This chapter may be cited as the "Virginia Lease-Purchase Agreement...

§ 59.1-207.18. Definitions - As used in this chapter: "Advertisement" means a commercial message...

§ 59.1-207.19. Inapplicability of other laws; exempted transactions - A. Lease-purchase agreements that comply with this chapter are not...

§ 59.1-207.20. General requirements of disclosure - A. The lessor shall disclose to the consumer the information...

§ 59.1-207.21. Disclosures - A. For each lease-purchase agreement, the lessor shall disclose in...

§ 59.1-207.22. Prohibited practices - A lease-purchase agreement may not contain: 1. A confession of...

§ 59.1-207.23. Reinstatement - A. A consumer who fails to make a timely rental...

§ 59.1-207.24. Receipts and accounts - A lessor shall provide the consumer a written receipt for...

§ 59.1-207.25. Renegotiations and extensions - A. A renegotiation shall occur when an existing lease-purchase agreement...

§ 59.1-207.26. Advertising - A. If an advertisement for a lease-purchase agreement refers to...

§ 59.1-207.27. Enforcement; penalties - Any violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice...

Chapter 17.5 - Collision Damage Waiver Act

§ 59.1-207.28. Title of chapter - This chapter shall be known and may be cited as...

§ 59.1-207.29. Scope - This chapter shall apply (i) to all persons in the...

§ 59.1-207.30. Definitions - As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have...

§ 59.1-207.31. Required notice - A. The definitions in § 46.2-1408 apply, mutatis mutandis, to...

§ 59.1-207.32. Prohibited exclusion - No collision damage waiver subject to this chapter shall contain...

§ 59.1-207.33. Enforcement; penalties - Any violation of the provisions of this chapter shall constitute...

Chapter 17.6 - Motor Vehicle Manufacturers' Warranty Adjustment Act

§ 59.1-207.34. Definitions - As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a...

§ 59.1-207.35. Requirements of manufacturers - Every manufacturer shall: 1. Inform a consumer of any adjustment...

§ 59.1-207.36. Required disclosures - A. Every manufacturer or distributor, either directly or through its...

§ 59.1-207.37. Adjustment program reimbursement - A. Every manufacturer who establishes any adjustment program shall implement...

§ 59.1-207.38. Enforcement; penalties - Any violation of the provisions of this chapter shall constitute...

§ 59.1-207.39. Regulations - The Division is authorized to promulgate reasonable regulations in order...

Chapter 17.7 - Comparison Price Advertising Act

§ 59.1-207.40. Definitions - In addition to the definitions listed in § 59.1-198, as...

§ 59.1-207.41. Advertising former price of goods or services - No supplier shall in any manner knowingly advertise a former...

§ 59.1-207.42. Advertising comparison price of goods or services - No supplier shall in any manner knowingly advertise a comparison...

§ 59.1-207.43. Use of certain terms in advertising former or comparison prices - A. No supplier shall advertise a former or comparison price...

§ 59.1-207.44. Enforcement; penalties - Any violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice...

Chapter 17.8 - Automatic Renewal Offers and Continuous Service Offers

§ 59.1-207.45. Definitions - As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a...

§ 59.1-207.46. Making automatic renewal or continuous service offer to consumer; affirmative consent required; disclosures; prohibited conduct - A. No supplier making an automatic renewal or continuous service...

§ 59.1-207.47. When goods, wares, merchandise, or products deemed a gift - In any case in which a supplier sends any goods,...

§ 59.1-207.48. Exemptions - This chapter shall not apply to: 1. Any service provided...

§ 59.1-207.49. Enforcement; penalties - Any violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice...

Chapter 18 - Regulation of Invention Development Services

§ 59.1-208. Definitions - As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have...

§ 59.1-209. Contracting requirements - A. Every contract for invention development services shall be in...

§ 59.1-210. Standard provisions for cover notice - Every contract for invention development services shall have a conspicuous...

§ 59.1-211. Interest in inventions prohibited - No invention developer shall acquire any interest, partial or whole,...

§ 59.1-212. Reports to customer required - With respect to every contract for invention development services, the...

§ 59.1-213. Mandatory contract terms - Every contract for invention development services shall set forth in...

§ 59.1-214. Remedies - A. Any contract for invention development services which does not...

§ 59.1-215. Enforcement; civil penalty; restraint of violations - A. For the purpose of enforcing this chapter, the Attorney...

Chapter 18.1 - Bad Faith Assertions of Patent Infringement

§ 59.1-215.1. Definitions - As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a...

§ 59.1-215.2. Bad faith assertions of patent infringement - A. A person shall not make, in bad faith, an...

§ 59.1-215.3. Enforcement; remedies; civil investigative demands; assurances of voluntary compliance; restraining prohibited acts - A. Whenever the Attorney General has reasonable cause to believe...

§ 59.1-215.4. Exemptions - A demand letter or assertion of patent infringement that includes...

Chapter 19 - Horse Racing and Pari-Mutuel Betting

§ 59.1-216. Defeated at referendum - Defeated at referendum.

Chapter 20 - Virginia Motion Picture Fair Competition Act

§ 59.1-255. Short title - This chapter may be known and cited as the "Virginia...

§ 59.1-256. Purpose of chapter - The purpose of this chapter is to establish fair and...

§ 59.1-257. Definitions - As used in this chapter: 1. The term "person" means...

§ 59.1-258. "Blind bidding" prohibited - A. Blind bidding is hereby prohibited within the Commonwealth. No...

§ 59.1-259. Bidding procedures - If bids are solicited from exhibitors for the licensing of...

§ 59.1-260. Civil enforcement; injunction - Any person who suffers loss or pecuniary damage resulting from...

§ 59.1-261. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2015, c. 709, cl. 2.

Chapter 21 - Business Opportunity Sales Act

§ 59.1-262. Short title - This chapter shall be known and may be cited as...

§ 59.1-263. Definitions - A. For purposes of this chapter, "business opportunity" means the...

§ 59.1-264. Written disclosure statement required - A. At least forty-eight hours prior to the time the...

§ 59.1-265. Seller required to obtain bond or establish escrow account; action for damages against bond or account; limitation on liability of surety or escrow agent - Before the business opportunity seller makes any of the representations...

§ 59.1-266. Prohibited acts - No business opportunity seller shall: 1. Represent that the business...

§ 59.1-267. Contracts required to be in writing; contents - A. Every business opportunity sales contract shall be in writing...

§ 59.1-268. Purchaser's remedies - If a business opportunity seller (i) uses any untrue or...

§ 59.1-269. Penalty; limitation - A. Any person who shall knowingly and willfully make, or...

Chapter 22 - Enterprise Zone Act

§ 59.1-270. Expired - Expired.

§ 59.1-272. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2005, cc. 863 and 884, cl. 2.

§ 59.1-279. Eligibility - A. Any business firm may be designated a "qualified business...

§ 59.1-279.1. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2005, cc. 863 and 884, cl. 2.

§ 59.1-280. Enterprise zone business tax credit - A. As used in this section: "Business tax credit" means...

§ 59.1-280.1. Enterprise zone real property investment tax credit - A. As used in this section: "Large qualified zone resident"...

§ 59.1-280.2. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2005, cc. 863 and 884, cl. 2.

§ 59.1-281. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1983, c. 572.

§ 59.1-282. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2005, cc. 863 and 884, cl. 2.

§ 59.1-282.1. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2009, cc. 207 and 271, cl. 3.

§ 59.1-282.3. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2005, cc. 863 and 884, cl. 2.

§ 59.1-284.01. Expiration of chapter; exceptions - A. All provisions of this chapter except §§ 59.1-279, 59.1-280,...

Chapter 22.1 - The Virginia Economic Development Revolving Fund

§ 59.1-284.1. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2005, c. 624, cl. 2.

Chapter 22.2 - The Blue Ridge Economic Development Revolving Fund

§ 59.1-284.7. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 872.

Chapter 22.3 - Semiconductor Manufacturing Performance Grant Programs

§ 59.1-284.13. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2015, c. 761, cl. 3, effective July...

Chapter 22.4 - Information Technology Employment Performance Grant Program

§ 59.1-284.16. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 872, cl. 13, effective May...

Chapter 22.5 - Aerospace Engine Manufacturing Performance Grant Program

§ 59.1-284.20. Aerospace Engine Manufacturing Performance Grant Program; eligible county - A. As used in this section: "Affiliate" means with respect...

§ 59.1-284.21. Aerospace Engine Manufacturing Supplier Cluster Bonus Performance Grant Program; eligible county - A. As used in this section: "Affiliate" means the same...

§ 59.1-284.22. Aerospace Engine Manufacturer Workforce Training Grant Fund; eligible county - A. As used in this section: "Affiliate" means the same...

Chapter 22.6 - Advanced Shipbuilding Training Facility Grant Program

§ 59.1-284.23. Advanced Shipbuilding Training Facility Grant Program; eligible city - A. As used in this section: "Advanced shipbuilding" means (i)...

Chapter 22.7 - Specialized Biotechnology Research Performance Grant Program

§ 59.1-284.24. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2015, c. 761, cl. 4.

Chapter 22.8 - Clean Energy Manufacturing Incentive Grant Program

§ 59.1-284.25. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2015, c. 761, cl. 4.

Chapter 22.9 - Pulp, Paper, and Fertilizer Advanced Manufacturing Performance Grant Program

§ 59.1-284.28. Pulp, Paper, and Fertilizer Advanced Manufacturing Performance Grant Program and Fund - A. As used in this section: "Capital investment" means an...

Chapter 22.10 - Advanced Shipbuilding Production Facility Grant Program

§ 59.1-284.29. Advanced Shipbuilding Production Facility Grant Program - A. As used in this section: "Advanced shipbuilding" means (i)...

Chapter 22.11 - Special Workforce Grant Fund

§ 59.1-284.30. Special Workforce Grant Fund created - A. As used in this section, unless the context requires...

Chapter 22.12 - Major Headquarters Workforce Grant Fund

§ 59.1-284.31. Major Headquarters Workforce Grant Fund - A. As used in this chapter, unless the context requires...

Chapter 22.13 - Semiconductor Manufacturing Grant Fund

§ 59.1-284.32. Semiconductor Manufacturing Grant Fund created - A. As used in this chapter, unless the context requires...

Chapter 22.14 - Truck Manufacturing Grant Fund

§ 59.1-284.33. Truck Manufacturing Grant Fund - A. As used in this section, unless the context requires...

Chapter 22.15 - Advanced Production Grant Program and Fund

§ 59.1-284.34. Advanced Production Grant Program and Fund - A. As used in this section: "Capital investment" means an...

Chapter 22.16 - Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Grant Program

§ 59.1-284.35. Definitions - A. As used in this section, unless the context requires...

§ 59.1-284.36. Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Grant Fund created - A. There is hereby created in the state treasury a...

§ 59.1-284.37. Resources for public institutions of higher education - A. To support the needs of a qualified company, and...

Chapter 22.17 - Technology Development Grant Fund

§ 59.1-284.38. Technology Development Grant Fund - A. As used in this chapter, unless the context requires...

Chapter 22.18 - Shipping and Logistics Headquarters Grant Program

§ 59.1-284.39. Shipping and Logistics Headquarters Grant Program - A. As used in this chapter, unless the context requires...

Chapter 22.19 - Nitrile Glove Manufacturing Training Program

§ 59.1-284.40. Nitrile Glove Manufacturing Training Program - A. In order to support the recruiting and training needs...

Chapter 23 - Cigarette Sales Below Wholesale Cost Act

§ 59.1-285. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1986, c. 424.

Chapter 23.1 - Reduced Cigarette Ignition Propensity

§ 59.1-293.1. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2014, cc. 370 and 418, cl. 2.

Chapter 23.2 - Liquid Nicotine

§ 59.1-293.10. Definitions - As used in this chapter, unless the context requires another...

§ 59.1-293.11. Sale or distribution of liquid nicotine container; prohibition; penalty - A. No person shall sell or distribute at retail or...

Chapter 24 - Virginia Health Club Act

§ 59.1-294. Short title - This chapter shall be known and may be cited as...

§ 59.1-295. Statement of purpose - The purpose of this chapter is to safeguard the public...

§ 59.1-296. Definitions - As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a...

§ 59.1-296.1. Registration; fees - A. It shall be unlawful for any health club to...

§ 59.1-296.2. Contracts sold on prepayment basis - A. Each health club selling contracts or health club services...

§ 59.1-296.2:1. Prepayment contracts; prohibited practices; relocation; refund - A. No health club shall sell a health club contract...

§ 59.1-296.2:2. Automated external defibrillator required - Each health club location shall have a working automated external...

§ 59.1-296.3. Initiation fees - Whenever a refund is due a buyer, any initiation fee...

§ 59.1-297. Right of cancellation - A. Every health club contract for the sale of health...

§ 59.1-297.1. Payment and calculation of refunds - A. All refunds for cancellation of membership shall be paid...

§ 59.1-297.2. Automatic termination of a health club contract - A health club contract shall be considered terminated automatically if...

§ 59.1-298. Notice to buyer - A copy of the executed health club contract shall be...

§ 59.1-299. Duration of contract - No health club contract shall have a duration for a...

§ 59.1-300. Provisions of this chapter not exclusive - The provisions of this chapter are not exclusive and do...

§ 59.1-301. Noncomplying contract voidable - Any health club contract that does not comply with the...

§ 59.1-302. Fraud rendering contract void - Any health club contract entered into by the buyer upon...

§ 59.1-303. Waiver of provisions void and unenforceable - Any waiver by the buyer of the provisions of this...

§ 59.1-304. Notice of preservation of buyers' rights - All health club contracts and any promissory note executed by...

§ 59.1-305. Prohibition against assignment of health club contract cutting off buyer's right of action or defense against seller; conditions - Whether or not the health club has complied with the...

§ 59.1-306. Bond or letter of credit required; exception - A. Every health club, before it enters into a health...

§ 59.1-307. Bond or letter of credit; persons protected - A. The bond or letter of credit required by §...

§ 59.1-308. Change in ownership of health club - For purposes of this chapter, a health club shall be...

§ 59.1-308.1. Production of records - Every health club, upon the written request of the Commissioner,...

§ 59.1-308.2. Investigations - A. The Commissioner may: 1. Make necessary public or private...

§ 59.1-309. Enforcement; penalties - Any violation of the provisions of this chapter shall constitute...

§ 59.1-310. Applicability - Sections 59.1-297, 59.1-298, 59.1-299, 59.1-304, and 59.1-305 shall not apply...

Chapter 24.1 - Tanning Facilities

§ 59.1-310.1. Definitions - As used in this chapter unless the context requires otherwise:...

§ 59.1-310.2. Federal law compliance; application of chapter - A tanning device utilized by a tanning facility shall comply...

§ 59.1-310.3. Notice to customers; liability - A. A tanning facility shall give each customer a written...

§ 59.1-310.4. Warning signs - A. A tanning facility shall post a warning sign in...

§ 59.1-310.5. Operational requirements - A. A tanning facility shall have an operator present during...

§ 59.1-310.6. Violations of chapter; penalty - Any person other than a customer, who knowingly and willfully...

Chapter 24.2 - Septic System Inspectors

§ 59.1-310.7. Definitions - As used in this chapter unless the context requires otherwise:...

§ 59.1-310.8. Exceptions - This chapter shall not be construed to prohibit: 1. The...

§ 59.1-310.9. Requirements for accredited septic system inspectors and performance of septic system inspections - A. In order to use the title of "accredited septic...

§ 59.1-310.10. Penalty for violation - No person shall use the title "accredited septic system inspector"...

Chapter 25 - Virginia Membership Camping Act

§ 59.1-311. Title - This chapter shall be known and may be cited as...

§ 59.1-312. Applicability - This chapter shall apply to each membership camping contract executed...

§ 59.1-313. Definitions - When used in this chapter, unless the context requires a...

§ 59.1-313.1. Certified mail; subsequent mail or notices may be sent by regular mail - Whenever in this chapter the Board, the Commissioner, or the...

§ 59.1-314. Conflicts with other statutes - In the event that there is any conflict between this...

§ 59.1-315. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2015, c. 709, cl. 2.

§ 59.1-316. Reserved - Reserved.

§ 59.1-317. Administration; unlawful offer or execution of membership camping contract - A. This chapter shall be administered by the Virginia Department...

§ 59.1-318. Application for registration of membership camping operator - A. The application for registration shall be on a form...

§ 59.1-319. Reserved - Reserved.

§ 59.1-320. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1992, c. 545.

§ 59.1-320.1. Review of registration application - A. Once the Commissioner receives an application for registration in...

§ 59.1-321. Exemption from registration under other acts - Any membership camping operator registered with the Commissioner under this...

§ 59.1-322. Other acts - Registration with the Commissioner by a membership camping operator shall...

§ 59.1-323. Denial, suspension, or revocation of registration; hearing; summary action - A. The Commissioner may deny an application for registration of...

§ 59.1-324. Cease and desist orders; temporary order - A. If it appears to the Commissioner that any person...

§ 59.1-325. Fees - A. Each application for registration under § 59.1-318 shall be...

§ 59.1-326. Membership camping operator's disclosure statement - A. Every membership camping operator, salesperson, or other person who...

§ 59.1-327. Purchaser's rights - A. The purchaser shall have the following rights during the...

§ 59.1-328. Membership camping contracts - The membership camping operator shall deliver to his purchaser a...

§ 59.1-329. Escrow and bonding - A. All purchase money received from or on behalf of...

§ 59.1-330. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 1992, c. 545.

§ 59.1-330.1. Noncomplying contract voidable - Any membership camping contract which does not comply with the...

§ 59.1-330.2. Fraud rendering contract voidable - Any membership camping contract entered into by the purchaser upon...

§ 59.1-331. Resale of memberships - A. In the event of the resale of a membership...

§ 59.1-332. Conditions on offering items as an inducement to execute - A. It is unlawful for any person by any means,...

§ 59.1-333. Nondisturbance provisions - With respect to any property in this Commonwealth acquired and...

§ 59.1-334. Investigations - A. The Commissioner may: 1. Make necessary public or private...

§ 59.1-335. Penalties - A. Any person violating any of the provisions of §§...

Chapter 25.1 - Virginia Credit Services Businesses Act

§ 59.1-335.1. Title - This chapter may be cited as the "Virginia Credit Services...

§ 59.1-335.2. Definitions - In this chapter the following words have the following meanings:...

§ 59.1-335.3. Registration; fees - A. It shall be unlawful for any credit services business...

§ 59.1-335.4. Bond or letter of credit required - A. Every credit services business, before it enters into a...

§ 59.1-335.5. Prohibited practices - A credit services business, and its salespersons, agents and representatives,...

§ 59.1-335.6. Information statement required - Before (i) the execution of a contract or agreement between...

§ 59.1-335.7. Contents of information statement - The information statement required under § 59.1-335.6 of this chapter...

§ 59.1-335.8. Contents of contracts - A. Every contract between a consumer and a credit services...

§ 59.1-335.9. Breach; null and void contract - A. Any breach by a credit services business of a...

§ 59.1-335.10. Liability to consumer - A. Any credit services business which willfully fails to comply...

§ 59.1-335.11. Statute of limitations - An action to enforce any liability created under this chapter...

§ 59.1-335.12. Violations of chapter; enforcement - A. Each sale of the services of a credit services...

Chapter 26 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act

§ 59.1-336. Short title and definitions - As used in this chapter, which may be cited as...

§ 59.1-337. Injunctive relief - A. Actual or threatened misappropriation may be enjoined. Upon application...

§ 59.1-338. Damages - A. Except where the user of a misappropriated trade secret...

§ 59.1-338.1. Attorneys' fees - If the court determines that (i) a claim of misappropriation...

§ 59.1-339. Preservation of secrecy - In an action under this chapter, a court shall preserve...

§ 59.1-340. Statute of limitations - An action for misappropriation shall be brought within three years...

§ 59.1-341. Effect on other law - A. Except as provided in subsection B of this section,...

§ 59.1-342. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2015, c. 709, cl. 2.

§ 59.1-343. Time of taking effect - This chapter shall become effective on July 1, 1986, and...

Chapter 27 - Farm Machinery Dealerships

§ 59.1-344. Repealed - Repealed by Acts 2002, c. 898, effective July 1, 2002.

Chapter 27.1 - Equipment Dealers Protection Act

§ 59.1-352.1. Definitions - As used in this chapter, unless the context requires otherwise:...

§ 59.1-352.2. Usage of trade - The terms "utility" and "industrial," when used to refer to...

§ 59.1-352.3. Notice of termination of agreements - A. No supplier, directly or through an officer, agent, or...

§ 59.1-352.4. Supplier's duty to repurchase - A. Whenever a dealer enters into an agreement evidenced by...

§ 59.1-352.5. Repurchase terms - A. The supplier shall repurchase from the dealer within ninety...

§ 59.1-352.6. Exceptions to repurchase requirement - This chapter does not require the repurchase from a dealer...

§ 59.1-352.7. Uniform commercial practice - A. This chapter does not affect a security interest of...

§ 59.1-352.8. Warranty obligations - A. Whenever a supplier and a dealer enter into an...

§ 59.1-352.9. Prohibited acts - No supplier shall do any of the following: 1. Coerce...

§ 59.1-352.10. Failure to repurchase; civil remedy - A. If a supplier fails or refuses to repurchase any...

Chapter 28 - Heavy Equipment Dealer Act

§ 59.1-353. Chapter title; definitions - This chapter may be cited as the "Heavy Equipment Dealer...

§ 59.1-354. Cancellation - A. Notwithstanding the terms, provisions or conditions of any agreement,...

§ 59.1-355. Notice of intent to terminate - A. Except as provided in subsection D of this section,...

§ 59.1-356. Transfer of business - A. No supplier shall unreasonably withhold or delay consent to...

§ 59.1-357. Notices - Notices required by this chapter shall be sent by certified...

§ 59.1-358. Remedies - A. Jurisdiction to hear and determine cases and controversies arising...

§ 59.1-359. Management - No supplier shall require or prohibit any change in management...

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Code of Virginia Title 59.1 - Trade and Commerce

Code of Virginia
Title 59.1 - Trade and Commerce