§ 3694. Recovery
(a) If an order for liquidation or rehabilitation of a domestic insurer has been entered, the receiver appointed under such order shall have a right to recover on behalf of the insurer where the distribution or payment pursuant to subdivision (1) or (2) of this subsection is made at any time during the one year preceding the petition for liquidation, conservation, or rehabilitation, as the case may be, subject to the limitations of subsections (b), (c) and (d) of this section:
(1) from any parent corporation or holding company or person or affiliate who otherwise controlled the insurer, the amount of distributions (other than distributions of shares of the same class of stock) paid by the insurer on its capital stock; or
(2) any payment in the form of a bonus, termination settlement or extraordinary lump sum salary adjustment made by the insurer or its subsidiaries to a director, officer, or employee.
(b) No such distribution shall be recoverable if the parent or affiliate shows that when paid such distribution was lawful and reasonable, and that the insurer did not know and could not reasonably have known that such distribution might adversely affect the ability of the insurer to fulfill its contractual obligations.
(c) Any person who was a parent corporation or holding company or a person who otherwise controlled the insurer or affiliate at the time such distributions were paid shall be liable up to the amount of distributions or payments under subsection (a) of this section received by such person. Any person who otherwise controlled the insurer at the time such distributions were declared shall be liable up to the amount of distributions he or she would have received if they had been paid immediately. If two or more persons are liable with respect to the same distributions, they shall be jointly and severally liable.
(d) The maximum amount recoverable under this section shall be the amount needed in excess of all other available assets of the impaired or insolvent insurer to pay the contractual obligations of the impaired or insolvent insurer and to reimburse any guaranty funds.
(e) To the extent that any person liable under subsection (c) of this section is insolvent or otherwise fails to pay claims due from it pursuant to such subsection, its parent corporation or holding company or person who otherwise controlled it at the time the distribution was paid, shall be jointly and severally liable for any resulting deficiency in the amount recovered from the person liable under subsection (c) of this section. (Added 1991, No. 101, § 17.)
Structure Vermont Statutes
Title 8 - Banking and Insurance
Chapter 101 - Insurance Companies Generally
§ 3302. Plan of organization; incorporators
§ 3303. Mutual companies; directors, charter provisions as to
§ 3304. Capital and surplus requirements
§ 3306. Duties of Secretary of State, records
§ 3307. Consideration for stock
§ 3308. List of stockholders; certificate to transact business; liability of president and directors
§ 3308a. Reorganization formations
§ 3309. Mutual insurers to commence business; when
§ 3312. Construction with other laws
§ 3314. Annual financial statements; reports; filing fee
§ 3315. Coordinated regulation
§ 3316. Corporate governance; disclosure
§ 3361. Requirements for license
§ 3362. Authority to transact various kinds of insurance business
§ 3364. Authorization for investment purposes only
§ 3367. Retaliatory provisions
§ 3368. Transacting business without certificate of authority prohibited
§ 3368a. Unauthorized and misleading transactions
§ 3369. Commissioner may enjoin unauthorized insurer
§ 3370. Service of process upon unauthorized insurer by director
§ 3381. Legislative purpose and policy
§ 3382. Acts which constitute Secretary of State agent for service of process
§ 3383. Service upon the Secretary of State notice to defendant
§ 3384. Service upon other agents; notice to defendant
§ 3386. Effect on other modes of service
§ 3387. Prerequisites to defense of action
§ 3389. Motion to quash for improper service
§ 3421. Mutualization of stock insurer
§ 3422. Mutual insurers—Prohibitions
§ 3423. Converting mutual insurer or mutual insurance holding company
§ 3425. Procedure for consolidation
§ 3426. Effective date of merger or consolidation
§ 3428. Rights of dissenting shareholders
§ 3429. Rights of dissenting members or policyholders
§ 3430. Effect of merger or consolidation
§ 3431. Merger or consolidation between domestic and foreign insurers—Requirements
§ 3433. Certificates of fees and commissions paid
§ 3434. Fees—Penalty for receiving
§ 3437. Redomestication; approval as a domestic insurer
§ 3438. Redomestication; conversion to foreign insurer
§ 3439. Effects of redomestication
§ 3441. Formation of a mutual insurance holding company
§ 3443. Regulated as an insurance company
§ 3444. Demutualization of a mutual insurance holding company
§ 3445. Membership interest not a security
§ 3446. Filing of amended charters
§ 3461b. General limitations and diversification requirements for life and health insurers
§ 3461c. Rated credit investments
§ 3461d. Registration or filing exemption
§ 3462. Investments—Foreign insurers
§ 3463a. Valuation of investments
§ 3465. Exemption from investment limitations
§ 3467. Qualification of investments
§ 3468. Investments qualified under prior law
§ 3469. Loans to directors and officers—Restrictions
§ 3470. Mortgage loans to minors
§ 3471. Mortgages on real and personal property as liens; priorities
§ 3472. Earnings statements and income ratios—Special situations
§ 3501. Life insurance and annuities
§ 3502. Insurance—Other life insurance and annuities
§ 3503. Deposits of domestic insurer doing foreign business
§ 3541. Filing and approval of forms
§ 3542. Grounds for disapproval
§ 3543. Existing forms and filings
§ 3552. Fees assessed by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners
§ 3563. Examination of companies; fees
§ 3564. Examination of foreign insurers; expenses
§ 3565. Examination of officers and books
§ 3567. Liquor liability insurance records
§ 3568. Preservation of records
§ 3569. National Association of Insurance Commissioners filing requirements
§ 3572. Revocation of certificate of authority
§ 3573. Conduct of examinations
§ 3576. Immunity from liability
§ 3577. Requirements for actuarial opinions
§ 3578a. Annual financial reporting
§ 3581. Purpose; scope; intent
§ 3583. Risk management framework
§ 3587. Contents of ORSA summary report
§ 3611. Scope of subchapter; short title
§ 3613. Creation of Association
§ 3615. Powers and duties of Association
§ 3617. Powers and duties of Commissioner
§ 3619. Nonduplication of recovery
§ 3620. Prevention of insolvencies
§ 3621. Examination of Association
§ 3623. Recognition of assessments in rates
§ 3625. Stay of proceedings; reopening of default judgment
§ 3626. Prohibition against advertising of membership in Association
§ 3634a. Credit for reinsurance
§ 3635. Insolvency of ceding company
§ 3641. Claims, rights, title, and interests of nonresidents
§ 3642. Liability for payments to nonresidents
§ 3661. Cease and desist powers; prosecutions and penalties
§ 3662. Nonpayment of judgment; penalty
§ 3663. Minimum limitation on actions; void policy provisions
§ 3664. Forms; filing proof of loss and other documents, waiver of filing
§ 3665a. Timely payment of property and casualty insurance claims; interest
§ 3665b. Timely payment of life insurance claims and annuity death benefits; interest
§ 3666. Rules; methods of notice
§ 3671. Disclosure of information
§ 3673. Penalty for noncompliance
§ 3682. Subsidiaries of insurers
§ 3683. Acquisition of control of or merger with domestic insurer
§ 3683a. Acquisitions involving insurers not otherwise covered
§ 3684. Registration of insurers
§ 3685. Standards and management of an insurer within an insurance holding company system
§ 3687. Confidential treatment
§ 3689. Injunctions; prohibitions against voting securities; sequestration of voting securities
§ 3692. Revocation, suspension, or nonrenewal of insurer’s license
§ 3696. Groupwide supervisor; internationally active insurance group