Missouri Revised Statutes
Chapter 407 - Merchandising Practices
Section 407.815 - Definitions.

Effective - 28 Aug 2021, 4 histories
407.815. Definitions. — As used in sections 407.810 to 407.835, unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms mean:
(1) "Administrative hearing commission", the body established in chapter 621 to conduct administrative hearings;
(2) "All-terrain vehicle", any motorized vehicle manufactured and used exclusively for off-highway use, with an unladen dry weight of one thousand five hundred pounds or less, traveling on three, four or more nonhighway tires, with either:
(a) A seat designed to be straddled by the operator, and handlebars for steering control, but excluding an electric bicycle as defined in section 301.010; or
(b) A width of fifty inches or less, measured from outside of tire rim to outside of tire rim, regardless of seating or steering arrangement;
(3) "Coerce", to compel or attempt to compel a person to act in a given manner by pressure, intimidation, or threat of harm, damage, or breach of contract, but shall not include the following:
(a) Good faith recommendations, exposition, argument, persuasion or attempts at persuasion without unreasonable conditions;
(b) Notice given in good faith to any franchisee of such franchisee's violation of terms or provisions of such franchise or contractual agreement; or
(c) Any conduct set forth in sections 407.810 to 407.835 that is permitted of the franchisor;
(4) "Common entity", a person:
(a) Who is either controlled or owned, beneficially or of record, by one or more persons who also control or own more than forty percent of the voting equity interest of a franchisor; or
(b) Who shares directors or officers or partners with a franchisor;
(5) "Control", to possess, directly or indirectly, the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise; except that "control" does not include the relationship between a franchisor and a franchisee under a franchise agreement;
(6) "Dealer-operator", the individual who works at the established place of business of a dealer and who is responsible for and in charge of day-to-day operations of that place of business;
(7) "Distributor", a person, resident or nonresident, who, in whole or in part, sells or distributes new motor vehicles to motor vehicle dealers in this state;
(8) "Franchise" or "franchise agreement", a written arrangement or contract for a definite or indefinite period, in which a person grants to another person a license to use, or the right to grant to others a license to use, a trade name, trademark, service mark, or related characteristics, in which there is a community of interest in the marketing of goods or services, or both, at wholesale or retail, by agreement, lease or otherwise, and in which the operation of the franchisee's business with respect to such franchise is substantially reliant on the franchisor for the continued supply of franchised new motor vehicles, parts and accessories for sale at wholesale or retail. The franchise includes all portions of all agreements between a franchisor and a franchisee, including but not limited to a contract, new motor vehicle franchise, sales and service agreement, or dealer agreement, regardless of the terminology used to describe the agreement or relationship between the franchisor and franchisee, and also includes all provisions, schedules, attachments, exhibits and agreements incorporated by reference therein;
(9) "Franchisee", a person to whom a franchise is granted;
(10) "Franchisor", a person who grants a franchise to another person;
(11) "Good faith", the duty of each party to any franchise and all officers, employees, or agents thereof, to act in a fair and equitable manner toward each other so as to guarantee the one party freedom from coercion, intimidation, or threat of coercion or intimidation from the other party;
(12) "Importer", a person who has written authorization from a foreign manufacturer of a line-make of motor vehicles to grant a franchise to a motor vehicle dealer in this state with respect to that line-make;
(13) "Line-make", a collection of models, series, or groups of motor vehicles manufactured by or for a particular manufacturer, distributor or importer offered for sale, lease or distribution pursuant to a common brand name or mark; provided, however:
(a) Multiple brand names or marks may constitute a single line-make, but only when included in a common dealer agreement and the manufacturer, distributor or importer offers such vehicles bearing the multiple names or marks together only, and not separately, to its authorized dealers; and
(b) Motor vehicles bearing a common brand name or mark may constitute separate line-makes when pertaining to motor vehicles subject to separate dealer agreements or when such vehicles are intended for different types of use;
(14) "Manufacturer", any person, whether a resident or nonresident of this state, who manufactures or assembles motor vehicles or who manufactures or installs on previously assembled truck chassis special bodies or equipment which, when installed, form an integral part of the motor vehicle and which constitute a major manufacturing alteration. The term "manufacturer" includes a central or principal sales corporation or other entity, other than a franchisee, through which, by contractual agreement or otherwise, it distributes its products;
(15) "Motor vehicle", for the purposes of sections 407.810 to 407.835, any motor-driven vehicle required to be registered pursuant to the provisions of chapter 301, except that, motorcycles, electric bicycles, and all-terrain vehicles as defined in section 301.010 shall not be included. The term "motor vehicle" shall also include any engine, transmission, or rear axle, regardless of whether attached to a vehicle chassis, that is manufactured for the installation in any motor-driven vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than sixteen thousand pounds that is registered for the operations on the highways of this state under chapter 301;
(16) "New", when referring to motor vehicles or parts, means those motor vehicles or parts which have not been held except as inventory, as that term is defined in subdivision (4) of section 400.9-109;
(17) "Person", a natural person, sole proprietor, partnership, corporation, or any other form of business entity or organization;
(18) "Principal investor", the owner of the majority interest of any franchisee;
(19) "Reasonable", shall be based on the circumstances of a franchisee in the market served by the franchisee;
(20) "Require", to impose upon a franchisee a provision not required by law or previously agreed to by a franchisee in a franchise agreement;
(21) "Successor manufacturer", any manufacturer that succeeds, or assumes any part of the business of, another manufacturer, referred to as the "predecessor manufacturer", as the result of:
(a) A change in ownership, operation, or control of the predecessor manufacturer by sale or transfer of assets, corporate stock, or other equity interest, assignment, merger, consolidation, combination, joint venture, redemption, court-approved sale, operation of law, or otherwise;
(b) The termination, suspension or cessation of a part or all of the business operations of the predecessor manufacturer;
(c) The noncontinuation of the sale of the product line; or
(d) A change in distribution system by the predecessor manufacturer, whether through a change in distributor or the predecessor manufacturer's decision to cease conducting business through a distributor altogether.
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(L. 1980 H.B. 1600 § 2, A.L. 1997 H.B. 516, A.L. 1998 H.B. 1055, A.L. 2001 H.B. 575, A.L. 2007 S.B. 82, A.L. 2010 H.B. 2198, A.L. 2020 H.B. 1963, A.L. 2021 S.B. 176)

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