New Mexico Statutes
Article 2 - Oil Conservation Commission; Division;
Section 70-2-19 - Common purchasers; discrimination in purchasing prohibited.

A. Every person now engaged or hereafter engaging in the business of purchasing oil to be transported through pipelines shall be a common purchaser thereof and shall, without discrimination in favor of one producer as against another in the same field, purchase all oil tendered to it which has been lawfully produced in the vicinity of, or which may be reasonably reached by pipelines through which it is transporting oil, or the gathering branches thereof, or which may be delivered to the pipeline or gathering branches thereof by truck or otherwise, and shall fully perform all the duties of a common purchaser. If any common purchaser shall not have need for all such oil lawfully produced within a field or if for any reason it shall be unable to purchase all such oil, then it shall purchase from each producer in a field ratably, taking and purchasing the same quantity of oil from each well to the extent that each well is capable of producing its ratable portions; provided, however, nothing herein contained shall be construed to require more than one pipeline connection for each producing well. In the event any such common purchaser of oil is likewise a producer or is affiliated with a producer, directly or indirectly, it is hereby expressly prohibited from discriminating in favor of its own production or in favor of the production of an affiliated producer as against that of others, and the oil produced by such common purchaser or by the affiliate of such common purchaser shall be treated as that of any other producer for the purposes of ratable taking.
B. It shall be unlawful for any common purchaser to unjustly or unreasonably discriminate as to the relative quantities of oil purchased by it in the various fields of the state; the question of the justice or reasonableness to be determined by the division, taking into consideration the production and age of wells in the respective fields and all other factors. It is the intent of the Oil and Gas Act [this article] that all fields shall be allowed to produce and market a just and equitable share of the oil produced and marketed in the state, insofar as the same can be effected economically and without waste.
C. It shall be the duty of the division to enforce the provisions of the Oil and Gas Act, and it shall have the power, after notice and hearing as provided in Section 70-2-23 NMSA 1978, to make rules, regulations and orders defining the distance that extension of the pipeline system shall be made to all wells not served; provided that no such authorization or order shall be made unless the division finds, as to such extension, that it is reasonably required and economically justified or, as to such extension of facilities, that the expenditures involved therein and the expense incident thereto are justified in relation to the volume of oil available for transportation through said extension; and such other rules, regulations and orders as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of the Oil and Gas Act, and in making such rules, regulations and orders, the division shall give due consideration to the economic factors involved. The division shall have authority to relieve such common purchaser, after due notice and hearing as herein provided, from the duty of purchasing crude petroleum oil of inferior quality or grade or that is not reasonably suitable for the requirements of such common purchaser.
D. Any person now or hereafter engaged in purchasing from one or more producers gas produced from gas wells or casing-head gas produced from oil wells shall be a common purchaser thereof within each common source of supply from which it purchases, and as such it shall purchase gas lawfully produced from gas wells or casing-head gas produced from oil wells with which its gas transportation facilities are connected in the pool and other gas lawfully produced within the pool and tendered to a point on its gas transportation facilities. Such purchases shall be made without unreasonable discrimination in favor of one producer against another in the price paid, the quantities purchased, the bases of measurement or the gas transportation facilities afforded for gas of like quantity, quality and pressure available from such wells. In the event any such person is likewise a producer, he is prohibited to the same extent from discriminating in favor of himself on production from gas wells or casing-head gas produced from oil wells in which he has an interest, direct or indirect, as against other production from gas wells or casing-head gas produced from oil wells in the same pool. For the purposes of the Oil and Gas Act, reasonable differences in prices paid or facilities afforded, or both, shall not constitute unreasonable discrimination if such differences bear a fair relationship to differences in quality, quantity or pressure of the gas available or to the relative lengths of time during which such gas will be available to the purchaser. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply:
(1) to any wells or pools used for storage and withdrawal from storage of natural gas originally produced not in violation of the Oil and Gas Act or of the rules, regulations or orders of the division; or
(2) to persons purchasing gas principally for use in the recovery or production of oil or gas.
E. Any common purchaser taking gas produced from gas wells or casing-head gas produced from oil wells from a common source of supply shall take ratably under such rules, regulations and orders, concerning quantity, as may be promulgated by the division consistent with the Oil and Gas Act. The division, in promulgating such rules, regulations and orders, may consider the quality and the deliverability of the gas, the pressure of the gas at the point of delivery, acreage attributable to the well, market requirements in the case of unprorated pools, and other pertinent factors.
F. Nothing in the Oil and Gas Act shall be construed or applied to require, directly or indirectly, any person to purchase gas of a quality or under a pressure or under any other condition by reason of which such gas cannot be economically and satisfactorily used by such purchaser by means of his gas transportation facilities then in service.
History: Laws 1935, ch. 72, §§ 12a, 12b, and 12c, added by 1941, ch. 166, § 2; 1941 Comp., §§ 69-214, 69-215 and 69-216; Laws 1949, ch. 168, § 14; 1953 Comp., § 65-3-15; Laws 1977, ch. 255, § 53; 1983, ch. 94, § 1.
Relationship between prevention of waste and correlative rights. — The prevention of waste is of paramount interest to the legislature and protection of correlative rights is interrelated and inseparable from it. The very definition of "correlative rights" emphasizes the term "without waste." However, protection of correlative rights is a necessary adjunct to prevention of waste. Continental Oil Co. v. Oil Conservation Comm'n, 1962-NMSC-062, 70 N.M. 310, 373 P.2d 809.
Allowable not to exceed market demand. — When 70-2-16C NMSA 1978 and Subsection E of this section are read together, one fact is evident: even after a pool is prorated, the market demand must be determined, since, if allowable production from the pool exceeds market demand, waste would result if allowable is produced. Continental Oil Co. v. Oil Conservation Comm'n, 1962-NMSC-062, 70 N.M. 310, 373 P.2d 809.
Basis for change of allowables. — Enabling of gas purchasers to more nearly meet market demand is not an authorized statutory basis upon which change of allowables may be placed. Continental Oil Co. v. Oil Conservation Comm'n, 1962-NMSC-062, 70 N.M. 310, 373 P.2d 809.
Elements of property rights of natural gas owners. — The legislature has stated definitively the elements contained in property right of natural gas owners. Such right is not absolute or unconditional. It consists of merely (1) an opportunity to produce, (2) only insofar as it is practicable to do so, (3) without waste, (4) a proportion, (5) insofar as it can be practically determined and obtained without waste, (6) of gas in the pool. Continental Oil Co. v. Oil Conservation Comm'n, 1962-NMSC-062, 70 N.M. 310, 373 P.2d 809.
Am. Jur. 2d, A.L.R. and C.J.S. references. — 61 Am. Jur. 2d Pipelines § 5.
58 C.J.S. Mines and Mineral § 239.