Michigan Compiled Laws
236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)
Section 600.2142 - Seal; Prima Facie Proof of Lawful Execution of Instruments by Corporations, Other Firms.

Sec. 2142.
Any corporation, joint stock company, or partnership association, limited, may have a common seal which it may alter at pleasure, and such seal affixed to any instrument purporting to be executed by any such corporation, joint stock company or partnership association, limited, foreign or domestic, shall be prima facie proof of the due adoption of said seal, and that it was affixed to said instrument by due authority, and that said instrument was in fact lawfully executed by such corporation, joint stock company or partnership association, limited.
History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963

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Structure Michigan Compiled Laws

Michigan Compiled Laws

Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961

Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)

236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)

Section 600.2101 - Cases Tried Without Jury; Objections to Testimony or Evidence; Exclusion of Testimony From Record; Taking of Excluded Testimony; Return of Excluded Testimony to Court of Appeals or Supreme Court.

Section 600.2102 - Affidavit Taken in Other State or Country; Authentication.

Section 600.2103 - Judicial Records of Other States or Countries; Use as Evidence; Authentication.

Section 600.2104 - Judicial Records of Foreign Countries; Copies as Evidence.

Section 600.2105 - Judicial Records of Foreign Countries; Proof by Common Law Methods.

Section 600.2106 - Court Order, Judgment, or Decree of Court of Record; Certified Copy as Evidence.

Section 600.2107 - Public Records; Certified Transcript as Evidence.

Section 600.2108 - Secretary of State; Certificate of Nonexistence of Record.

Section 600.2109 - Recorded Conveyance and Instruments; Certified Copies.

Section 600.2110 - Recorded Conveyances and Instruments; Record in County Other Than Situs; Certified Copies.

Section 600.2111 - Certificate of Lost Paper as Evidence of Loss.

Section 600.2112 - Certificates of Justices of the Peace of Other States as Evidence.

Section 600.2113 - Constitution, Laws, and Resolutions; Official Publication as Evidence.

Section 600.2114 - Repealed. 1967, Act 178, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.

Section 600.2114a - Issues of Foreign Law; Notice; Evidence; Duties of Court; Review on Appeal.

Section 600.2115 - Repealed. 1967, Act 178, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.

Section 600.2116 - Laws, Bylaws, Regulations, Resolutions, and Ordinances of City, Village, or Township as Evidence.

Section 600.2117 - Device by Way of Seal as Evidence of Seal.

Section 600.2118 - Repealed. 1967, Act 178, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.

Section 600.2118a - Foreign Records and Laws; Evidence; Copies, Certification.

Section 600.2119 - Judgment; Record of Certified Copy as Evidence.

Section 600.2120, 600.2121 - Repealed. 1974, Act 297, Eff. Apr. 1, 1975.

Section 600.2122 - Certified as Evidence; United States Land Office Records.

Section 600.2123 - Certified Copies as Evidence; Records of Board of Control of Saint Mary's Falls Ship Canal.

Section 600.2124 - Certified Copies as Evidence; United States Weather Record.

Section 600.2125 - Proof of Publication; Notice of Application to Court or Judicial Officer.

Section 600.2126 - Proof of Publication; Notice of Sale of Real Property.

Section 600.2127 - Proof of Publication; Presumptive Evidence.

Section 600.2128 - Proof of Publication; Prima Facie Evidence.

Section 600.2129 - Proof of Publication; Copy of Record of Document; Certification; Court Orders; Seal.

Section 600.2130 - Schedules, Classifications, Tariffs, and Supplements Filed With Regulatory Commissions; Copies as Evidence; Presumption.

Section 600.2131 - Written Instruments; Proof; Acknowledgment.

Section 600.2132 - Marriage Certificates and Records as Evidence.

Section 600.2133 - Marriage License or Certificate; Record as Evidence.

Section 600.2134 - Purchase of Public Lands; Certificates as Evidence.

Section 600.2135 - Breed of Horses; Evidence.

Section 600.2136 - Library Record, Book, or Paper; Copy or Reproduction Admissible as Evidence; Fee; False Certification; Penalty.

Section 600.2137 - Reproduction or Copy Admissible in Evidence.

Section 600.2138 - Filed or Recorded Documents; Copy or Replacement; Certification; Admissibility as Evidence; Transcript or Certified Copy; Filing or Inserting Correction, Alteration, Indorsement, or Entry.

Section 600.2139 - Seal; Presumptive Evidence of Consideration.

Section 600.2140 - Corporate Existence; Proof.

Section 600.2141 - Copartnership; Proof.

Section 600.2142 - Seal; Prima Facie Proof of Lawful Execution of Instruments by Corporations, Other Firms.

Section 600.2143 - Subscribing Witness to Instrument Need Not Be Called; Exception.

Section 600.2144 - Signature or Handwriting; Proof.

Section 600.2145 - Open Account or Account Stated; Proof, Counterclaim.

Section 600.2146 - Writing or Record Made in Regular Course of Business; Reproduction Admissible in Evidence; Other Circumstances; Lack of Entry; Reproduction as Evidence.

Section 600.2147 - Business Record Prepared or Entered in Regular Course of Business; Reproduction as Evidence; Delivery of Copy to Adverse Party.

Section 600.2148 - Reproduced Records of Business Firms; Disposal of Original Record; Admissibility of Reproduction in Evidence; “Person” Defined.

Section 600.2149 - Loss of Instrument; Proof and Disproof.

Section 600.2150 - Repealed. 1962, Act 174, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964.

Section 600.2151 - Admission of Member of Corporation as Evidence.

Section 600.2152 - Mental Competency of Testator; Presumption.

Section 600.2153 - Public Officers; Administration of Oaths for Certain Purposes.

Section 600.2154 - Witness; Obligation to Answer Through Revealing Civil Liability; Self-Incrimination.

Section 600.2155 - Statement, Writing, or Action Expressing Sympathy, Compassion, Commiseration, or Benevolence; Admissibility in Action for Malpractice; "Family" Defined.

Section 600.2156 - Minister, Priest, or Christian Science Practitioner; Nondisclosure of Confessions.

Section 600.2157 - Physician-Patient Privilege; Waiver.

Section 600.2157a - Definitions; Consultation Between Victim and Sexual Assault or Domestic Violence Counselor; Admissibility.

Section 600.2157b - Confidential Communication to Crime Stoppers Organization; Definitions.

Section 600.2158 - Crime; Interest or Relationship of Witness, Effect.

Section 600.2159 - Parties as Witnesses; Depositions; Comment on Failure of Criminal Defendant to Testify.

Section 600.2160 - Repealed. 1967, Act 263, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.

Section 600.2161 - Cross Examination of Opposite Party or Agent.

Section 600.2162 - Husband or Wife as Witness for or Against Other.

Section 600.2163 - Repealed. 1998, Act 323, Imd. Eff. Aug. 3, 1998.

Section 600.2163a - Definitions; Prosecutions and Proceedings to Which Section Applicable; Use of Dolls or Mannequins; Support Person; Notice; Videorecorded Statement; Special Arrangements to Protect Welfare of Witness; Videorecorded Deposition; Sect...

Section 600.2164 - Expert Witnesses; Fees; Contempt for Excessive Fees; Number; Application of Section.

Section 600.2164a - Expert Witness; Testimony at Trial by Video Communication Equipment; Motion; Payment of Cost.

Section 600.2165 - Disclosure of Students' Records or Communications by School Teacher or Employee.

Section 600.2166 - Admissibility of Evidence in Action by or Against Person Incapable of Testifying.

Section 600.2167 - Repealed. 2014, Act 124, Imd. Eff. May 20, 2014.

Section 600.2169 - Qualifications of Expert Witness in Action Alleging Medical Malpractice; Determination; Disqualification of Expert Witness; Testimony on Contingency Fee Basis as Misdemeanor; Limitations Applicable to Discovery.