Laws prescribe only for the future; they cannot impair the obligation of contracts nor, ordinarily, have a retrospective operation. Laws looking only to the remedy or mode of trial may apply to contracts, rights, and offenses entered into, accrued, or committed prior to their passage; but in every case a reasonable time subsequent to the passage of the law should be allowed for the citizen to enforce his contract or to protect his right.
History. Orig. Code 1863, § 7; Code 1868, § 6; Code 1873, § 6; Code 1882, § 6; Civil Code 1895, § 6; Penal Code 1895, § 3; Civil Code 1910, § 6; Penal Code 1910, § 3; Code 1933, § 102-104.
Cross references.
Restrictions upon powers of states, U.S. Const., Art. I, Sec. 10, Cl. 1. Bill of attainer; ex post facto laws; and retroactive laws, Ga. Const. 1983, Art. I, Sec. I, Para. X.
Law reviews.
For article, “Synopses of 1968 Amendments Appellate Procedure Act and Georgia Civil Practice Act,” see 4 Ga. St. B. J. 503 (1968).
For comment on Griffin v. Air S., Inc., 324 F. Supp. 1284 (N.D. Ga. 1971), see 8 Ga. St. B. J. 414 (1972).
For comment on statutes of limitations in medical malpractice actions in Georgia, see 33 Mercer L. Rev. 377 (1981).
Structure Georgia Code
§ 1-3-1. Construction of Statutes Generally
§ 1-3-2. Construction of Definitions
§ 1-3-4. Effective Date of Legislative Acts
§ 1-3-5. Operation of Laws Generally; Retrospective Operation
§ 1-3-6. When Laws Become Obligatory; Effect of Ignorance
§ 1-3-7. Abrogation of Laws by Agreement; Waiver or Renunciation of Benefits Established by Law
§ 1-3-8. Binding Effect of Legislation Upon State
§ 1-3-9. Effect and Enforcement of Foreign Laws
§ 1-3-10. Execution of Writings and Contracts
§ 1-3-11. Local Referenda on Abolishing Offices or Shortening or Lengthening Term