Code of Virginia
Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts
§ 54.1-2914. Sale of controlled substances and medical devices or appliances; requirements for vision care services

A. A practitioner of the healing arts shall not engage in selling controlled substances unless he is licensed to do so by the Board of Pharmacy. However, this prohibition shall not apply to a doctor of medicine, osteopathy or podiatry who administers controlled substances to his patients or provides controlled substances to his patient in a bona fide medical emergency or when pharmaceutical services are not available. Practitioners who sell or dispense controlled substances shall be subject to inspection by the Department of Health Professions to ensure compliance with Chapters 33 (§ 54.1-3300 et seq.) and 34 (§ 54.1-3400 et seq.) of this title and the Board of Pharmacy's regulations. This subsection shall not apply to physicians acting on behalf of the Virginia Department of Health or local health departments.
B. A practitioner of the healing arts who may lawfully sell medical appliances or devices shall not sell such appliances or devices to persons who are not his own patients and shall not sell such articles to his own patients either for his own convenience or for the purpose of supplementing his income. This subsection shall not apply to physicians acting on behalf of the Virginia Department of Health or local health departments.
C. A practitioner of the healing arts may, from within the practitioner's office, engage in selling or promoting the sale of eyeglasses and may dispense contact lenses. Only those practitioners of the healing arts who engage in the examination of eyes and prescribing of eyeglasses may engage in the sale or promotion of eyeglasses. Practitioners shall not employ any unlicensed person to fill prescriptions for eyeglasses within the practitioner's office except as provided in subdivision A 6 of § 54.1-2901. A practitioner may also own, in whole or in part, an optical dispensary located adjacent to or at a distance from his office.
D. Any practitioner of the healing arts engaging in the examination of eyes and prescribing of eyeglasses shall give the patient a copy of any prescription for eyeglasses and inform the patient of his right to have the prescription filled at the establishment of his choice. No practitioner who owns, in whole or in part, an establishment dispensing eyeglasses shall make any statement or take any action, directly or indirectly, that infringes on the patient's right to have a prescription filled at an establishment other than the one in which the practitioner has an ownership interest.
Disclosure of ownership interest by a practitioner as required by § 54.1-2964 or participation by the practitioner in contractual arrangements with third-party payors or purchasers of vision care services shall not constitute a violation of this subsection.
Code 1950, § 54-317; 1954, c. 627; 1958, c. 161; 1966, cc. 166, 657; 1968, c. 582; 1970, c. 69; 1973, c. 529; 1975, c. 508; 1978, c. 622; 1979, c. 727; 1980, c. 157; 1985, c. 96; 1986, c. 86; 1988, cc. 765, 904; 1989, c. 510; 1994, c. 70; 1998, c. 580; 2001, cc. 268, 858; 2005, c. 163; 2016, c. 495.

Structure Code of Virginia

Code of Virginia

Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations

Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts

§ 54.1-2900. Definitions

§ 54.1-2901. Exceptions and exemptions generally

§ 54.1-2902. Unlawful to practice without license

§ 54.1-2903. What constitutes practice; advertising in connection with medical practice

§ 54.1-2904. Biennial renewal of licenses; copies; fee; lapsed licenses; reinstatement; penalties

§ 54.1-2905. Repealed

§ 54.1-2906. Repealed

§ 54.1-2908. Reports of disciplinary action against health professionals; immunity from liability; civil penalty

§ 54.1-2909. Further reporting requirements; civil penalty; disciplinary action

§ 54.1-2910. Repealed

§ 54.1-2910.01. Practitioner information provided to patients

§ 54.1-2910.1. Certain data required

§ 54.1-2910.2. Posting of disciplinary information

§ 54.1-2910.3. No requirement to participate in third-party reimbursement programs

§ 54.1-2910.3:1. Medicaid recipients; treatment involving prescription of opioids; payment

§ 54.1-2910.4. Health record retention

§ 54.1-2910.5. (Effective July 1, 2023) Pediatric sexual assault survivor services; requirements

§ 54.1-2911. Board; membership; terms of office; change of residence; executive director; etc.

§ 54.1-2912. Nominations

§ 54.1-2912.1. Continued competency and office-based anesthesia requirements

§ 54.1-2912.2. Board may endorse certain document

§ 54.1-2912.3. Competency assessments of certain practitioners

§ 54.1-2912.4. Board to post autism information

§ 54.1-2912.5. Standard of care pertaining to prenatal and postnatal and other depression; Communication of information

§ 54.1-2913. Repealed

§ 54.1-2913.1. Acceptance of other examinations

§ 54.1-2914. Sale of controlled substances and medical devices or appliances; requirements for vision care services

§ 54.1-2915. Unprofessional conduct; grounds for refusal or disciplinary action

§ 54.1-2916. Repealed

§ 54.1-2917. Repealed

§ 54.1-2918. Suspension or revocation for violation of facility licensing laws

§ 54.1-2919. Repealed

§ 54.1-2920. Notice and opportunity to be heard required before suspension or revocation of license; allegations to be in writing; practice pending appeal; notice to patients

§ 54.1-2921. Repealed

§ 54.1-2922. Repealed

§ 54.1-2923.1. Repealed

§ 54.1-2924. Repealed

§ 54.1-2924.1. Expired

§ 54.1-2925. Use of experts in disciplinary proceedings

§ 54.1-2926. Powers of Board with respect to practitioners licensed to practice pharmacy

§ 54.1-2927. Applicants from other states without reciprocity; temporary licenses or certificates for certain practitioners of the healing arts

§ 54.1-2928. Repealed

§ 54.1-2928.1. Restricted volunteer license

§ 54.1-2928.2. Board to adopt regulations related to prescribing of opioids and buprenorphine

§ 54.1-2929. Licenses required

§ 54.1-2930. Requirements for licensure

§ 54.1-2931. Examinations; passing grade

§ 54.1-2932. Issuance of licenses to practice

§ 54.1-2933. Repealed

§ 54.1-2933.1. Temporary licensure of certain foreign graduates to obtain training

§ 54.1-2934. Evidence of right to practice required of certain foreign graduates

§ 54.1-2935. Repealed

§ 54.1-2936. Limited licenses to certain graduates of foreign medical schools

§ 54.1-2937. Temporary licenses to interns and residents in hospitals and other organizations

§ 54.1-2937.1. Retiree license

§ 54.1-2938. Repealed

§ 54.1-2939. Surgery by podiatrists on patients under general anesthesia limited

§ 54.1-2940. Repealed

§ 54.1-2941. Contracts of practitioners with approved colleges and certain state agencies not prohibited

§ 54.1-2942. Repealed

§ 54.1-2949. License required

§ 54.1-2950. Requisite training and educational achievements of assistants

§ 54.1-2950.1. Advisory Board on Physician Assistants; membership; qualifications

§ 54.1-2951. Repealed

§ 54.1-2951.1. Requirements for licensure and practice as a physician assistant; licensure by endorsement

§ 54.1-2951.2. Issuance of a license

§ 54.1-2951.3. Restricted volunteer license for certain physician assistants

§ 54.1-2951.4. Exception to physician assistant license requirement; physician assistant student

§ 54.1-2952. Role of patient care team physician or patient care team podiatrist on patient care teams; services that may be performed by physician assistants; responsibility of licensee; employment of physician assistants

§ 54.1-2952.1. Prescription of certain controlled substances and devices by licensed physician assistants

§ 54.1-2952.2. When physician assistant signature accepted

§ 54.1-2953. Renewal, revocation, suspension, and refusal

§ 54.1-2954. Respiratory therapist; definition

§ 54.1-2954.1. Powers of Board concerning respiratory care

§ 54.1-2955. Restriction of titles

§ 54.1-2956. Advisory Board on Respiratory Care; appointment; terms; duties; etc.

§ 54.1-2956.01. Exceptions to respiratory therapist's licensure

§ 54.1-2956.1. Powers of Board concerning occupational therapy

§ 54.1-2956.2. Advisory Board of Occupational Therapy

§ 54.1-2956.3. Advisory Board of Occupational Therapy; composition; appointment

§ 54.1-2956.4. Advisory Board of Occupational Therapy; powers

§ 54.1-2956.5. Unlawful to practice occupational therapy without license

§ 54.1-2956.6. Repealed

§ 54.1-2956.7:1. (Effective January 1, 2022) Occupational Therapy Interjurisdictional Licensure Compact

§ 54.1-2956.8. Advisory Board on Radiological Technology; appointments; terms; etc.

§ 54.1-2956.8:1. Unlawful to practice radiologic technology without license; unlawful designation as a radiologist assistant, radiologic technologist, or radiologic technologist, limited; Board to regulate radiologist assistants and radiologic techno...

§ 54.1-2956.8:2. Requisite training and educational achievements of radiologist assistants, radiologic technologists, and radiologic technologists, limited

§ 54.1-2956.9. Unlawful to practice acupuncture without license; unlawful designation as acupuncturist; Board to regulate acupuncturists

§ 54.1-2956.10. Requisite training and educational achievements of acupuncturists

§ 54.1-2956.11. Advisory Board on Acupuncture; composition; appointment

§ 54.1-2956.12. Registered surgical technologist; use of title; registration

§ 54.1-2956.13. Licensure of surgical assistant; practice of surgical assisting; use of title

§ 54.1-2956.14. Advisory Board on Surgical Assisting; appointments; terms; duties

§ 54.1-2957. Licensure and practice of nurse practitioners

§ 54.1-2957.001. Restricted volunteer license for nurse practitioners

§ 54.1-2957.01. Prescription of certain controlled substances and devices by licensed nurse practitioners

§ 54.1-2957.02. When nurse practitioner signature accepted

§ 54.1-2957.03. Certified nurse midwives; required disclosures; liability

§ 54.1-2957.04. Licensure as a licensed certified midwife; practice as a licensed certified midwife; use of title; required disclosures

§ 54.1-2957.1. Repealed

§ 54.1-2957.4. Licensure as athletic trainer required; requisite training and educational requirements; powers of the Board concerning athletic training

§ 54.1-2957.5. Advisory Board on Athletic Training established; duties; composition; appointment; terms

§ 54.1-2957.6. Exceptions to athletic trainer licensure

§ 54.1-2957.7. Licensed midwife and practice of midwifery; definitions

§ 54.1-2957.8. Licensure of midwives; requisite training and educational requirements; fees

§ 54.1-2957.9. Regulation of the practice of midwifery

§ 54.1-2957.10. Advisory Board on Midwifery established; membership; duties; terms

§ 54.1-2957.11. Requirements for disclosure

§ 54.1-2957.12. Immunity

§ 54.1-2957.13. Exceptions

§ 54.1-2957.14. Advisory Board on Polysomnographic Technology; appointment; terms; duties

§ 54.1-2957.15. Unlawful to practice as a polysomnographic technologist without a license

§ 54.1-2957.16. Licensure of behavior analysts and assistant behavior analysts; requirements; powers of the Board

§ 54.1-2957.17. Exceptions to licensure requirements

§ 54.1-2957.18. Advisory Board on Behavior Analysis

§ 54.1-2957.19. Genetic counseling; regulation of the practice; license required; licensure; temporary license

§ 54.1-2957.20. Exemptions

§ 54.1-2957.21. Repealed

§ 54.1-2957.22. Advisory Board on Genetic Counseling established; membership; terms

§ 54.1-2958. Procedure for determining acceptability of foreign courses of study and educational institutions

§ 54.1-2959. Supervised training programs; students enrolled in schools of medicine or chiropractic schools allowed to engage in certain activities; prohibition of unauthorized pelvic exams

§ 54.1-2960. Medical students in hospitals

§ 54.1-2961. Interns and residents in hospitals

§ 54.1-2962. Division of fees among physicians prohibited

§ 54.1-2962.01. Anatomic pathology services; fees

§ 54.1-2962.1. Solicitation or receipt of remuneration in exchange for referral prohibited

§ 54.1-2962.2. Physician-patient relationship; effect of certain emergency department treatment

§ 54.1-2963. Selling vitamins or food supplements in connection with a practice of the healing arts

§ 54.1-2963.1. Disclosure of medical treatment options

§ 54.1-2964. Disclosure of interest in referral facilities and clinical laboratories

§ 54.1-2965. Repealed

§ 54.1-2966. Physicians reporting disabilities to aircraft pilots licensing authorities exempt from liability; testifying in certain proceedings

§ 54.1-2966.1. Repealed

§ 54.1-2967. Physicians and others rendering medical aid to report certain wounds

§ 54.1-2968. Information about certain handicapped persons

§ 54.1-2969. Authority to consent to surgical and medical treatment of certain minors

§ 54.1-2970. Medical treatment for certain persons incapable of giving informed consent

§ 54.1-2970.1. Individual incapable of making informed decision; procedure for physical evidence recovery kit examination; consent by minors

§ 54.1-2971. Repealed

§ 54.1-2971.01. Prescription in excess of recommended dosage in certain cases

§ 54.1-2971.1. Disclosure for certain treatment of infertility

§ 54.1-2972. When person deemed medically and legally dead; determination of death; nurses', licensed practical nurses', physician assistants' or nurse practitioners' authority to pronounce death under certain circumstances

§ 54.1-2973. Persons who may authorize postmortem examination of decedent's body

§ 54.1-2973.1. Practice of laser hair removal

§ 54.1-2974. Sterilization operations for persons 18 years or older capable of informed consent

§ 54.1-2975. Sterilization operations for certain children incapable of informed consent

§ 54.1-2976. Sterilization operations for certain adults incapable of informed consent

§ 54.1-2977. Standards for court-authorized sterilization of certain persons

§ 54.1-2978. Reports of certain sterilizations

§ 54.1-2979. No liability for nonnegligent performance of operation

§ 54.1-2980. Article inapplicable to certain medical or surgical treatment

§ 54.1-2981. Short title

§ 54.1-2982. Definitions

§ 54.1-2983. Procedure for making advance directive; notice to physician

§ 54.1-2983.1. Participation in health care research

§ 54.1-2983.2. Capacity; required determinations

§ 54.1-2983.3. Exclusions and limitations of advance directives

§ 54.1-2984. Suggested form of written advance directives

§ 54.1-2985. Revocation of an advance directive

§ 54.1-2985.1. Injunction; court-ordered health care

§ 54.1-2986. Procedure in absence of an advance directive; procedure for advance directive without agent; no presumption; persons who may authorize health care for patients incapable of informed decisions

§ 54.1-2986.1. Duties and authority of agent or person identified in § 54.1-2986

§ 54.1-2986.2. Health care decisions in the event of patient protest

§ 54.1-2987. Transfer of patient by physician who refuses to comply with advance directive or health care decision

§ 54.1-2987.1. Durable Do Not Resuscitate Orders

§ 54.1-2988. Immunity from liability; burden of proof; presumption

§ 54.1-2988.1. Assistance with completing and executing advance directives

§ 54.1-2989. Willful destruction, concealment, etc., of declaration or revocation; penalties

§ 54.1-2989.1. Failure to deliver advance directive

§ 54.1-2990. Medically unnecessary health care not required; procedure when physician refuses to comply with an advance directive or a designated person's health care decision; mercy killing or euthanasia prohibited

§ 54.1-2991. Effect of declaration; suicide; insurance; declarations executed prior to effective date

§ 54.1-2992. Preservation of existing rights

§ 54.1-2993. Reciprocity

§ 54.1-2993.1. Qualified advance directive facilitators; requirements for training programs

§ 54.1-2994. Advance Health Care Directive Registry established

§ 54.1-2995. Filing of documents with the registry; regulations; fees

§ 54.1-2996. Validity of unregistered documents

§ 54.1-2997. Direct primary care agreements

§ 54.1-2998. Direct primary care agreement requirements; disclosures; disclaimer