Code of Virginia
Chapter 10 - Virginia Nonstock Corporation Act
§ 13.1-847.1. Voting procedures and inspectors of elections

A. A corporation may appoint one or more inspectors to act at a meeting of members in connection with determining voting results. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his duties, shall certify in writing that the inspector will faithfully execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability.
B. The inspectors shall (i) ascertain the number of members and the voting power of each, (ii) determine the number of the members represented at a meeting and the validity of proxy appointments and ballots, (iii) count all votes, (iv) determine, and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of, any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, and (v) certify their determination of the number of members represented at the meeting and their count of the votes. The inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspectors in the performance of their duties, and may rely on information provided by such persons and other persons, including those appointed to tabulate votes, unless the inspectors believe reliance is unwarranted. In any court proceeding there shall be a rebuttable presumption that the report of the inspectors is correct.
C. No ballot, proxies, or votes, nor any revocations thereof or changes thereto, shall be accepted by the inspectors after the closing of the polls unless the circuit court of the city or county where the corporation's principal office is located or, if none in the Commonwealth, where its registered office is located, upon application by a member, shall determine otherwise.
D. In determining the validity of proxies and ballots and in counting the votes, the inspectors shall be limited to an examination of the proxies, any envelopes submitted with those proxies, any information provided in accordance with subsection B of § 13.1-847, ballots, and the regular books and records of the corporation. If the inspectors consider other reliable information for the limited purpose permitted herein, they shall specify, at the time that they make their certification pursuant to clause (v) of subsection B, the precise information that they considered, including the person or persons from whom they obtained the information, when the information was obtained, the means by which the information was obtained, and the basis for their belief that such information is accurate and reliable.
E. If authorized by the board of directors, any member vote to be taken by written ballot may be satisfied by a ballot submitted by electronic transmission by the member or the member's proxy, provided that any such electronic transmission shall either set forth or be submitted with information from which it may be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the member or the member's proxy. A member who votes by a ballot submitted by electronic transmission is deemed present at the meeting of members.
2007, c. 925; 2010, c. 171; 2015, c. 611.

Structure Code of Virginia

Code of Virginia

Title 13.1 - Corporations

Chapter 10 - Virginia Nonstock Corporation Act

§ 13.1-801. Short title

§ 13.1-802. Reservation of power to amend or repeal

§ 13.1-803. Definitions

§ 13.1-804. Filing requirements

§ 13.1-804.1. Filing with the Commission pursuant to reorganization

§ 13.1-805. Issuance of certificate by Commission; recordation of documents

§ 13.1-806. Effective time and date of document

§ 13.1-807. Correcting filed articles

§ 13.1-808. Evidentiary effect of copy of filed document

§ 13.1-809. Certificate of good standing

§ 13.1-810. Notices and other communications

§ 13.1-810.1. Number of members

§ 13.1-811. Penalty for signing false documents

§ 13.1-812. Unlawful to transact or offer to transact business as a corporation unless authorized

§ 13.1-813. Hearing and finality of Commission action; injunctions

§ 13.1-814. Shares of stock and dividends prohibited

§ 13.1-814.1. Special provisions for community associations

§ 13.1-815. Fees to be collected by Commission; payment of fees prerequisite to Commission action; exceptions

§ 13.1-815.1. Charter and entrance fees for corporations

§ 13.1-816. Fees for filing documents or issuing certificates

§ 13.1-817. Repealed

§ 13.1-818. Incorporators

§ 13.1-819. Articles of incorporation

§ 13.1-820. Issuance of certificate of incorporation

§ 13.1-821. Liability for preincorporation transactions

§ 13.1-822. Organization of corporation

§ 13.1-823. Bylaws

§ 13.1-824. Emergency bylaws

§ 13.1-825. Purposes

§ 13.1-826. General powers

§ 13.1-827. Emergency powers

§ 13.1-828. Ultra vires

§ 13.1-829. Corporate name

§ 13.1-830. Reserved name

§ 13.1-831. Registered name

§ 13.1-832. Repealed

§ 13.1-833. Registered office and registered agent

§ 13.1-834. Change of registered office or registered agent

§ 13.1-835. Resignation of registered agent

§ 13.1-836. Service on corporation

§ 13.1-837. Members

§ 13.1-838. Annual meeting

§ 13.1-839. Special meeting

§ 13.1-840. Court-ordered meeting

§ 13.1-841. Corporate action without meeting

§ 13.1-842. Notice of meeting

§ 13.1-843. Waiver of notice

§ 13.1-844. Record date

§ 13.1-844.1. Conduct of the meeting

§ 13.1-844.2. Remote participation in annual and special meetings

§ 13.1-845. Members' list for meeting

§ 13.1-846. Voting entitlement of members

§ 13.1-847. Proxies

§ 13.1-847.1. Voting procedures and inspectors of elections

§ 13.1-848. Corporation's acceptance of votes

§ 13.1-849. Quorum and voting requirements for voting groups

§ 13.1-850. Action by single and multiple voting groups

§ 13.1-851. Change in quorum or voting requirements

§ 13.1-852. Voting for directors; cumulative voting

§ 13.1-852.1. Member or director agreements

§ 13.1-852.2. Voting agreements

§ 13.1-853. Requirement for and duties of board of directors

§ 13.1-854. Qualification of directors

§ 13.1-855. Number and election of directors

§ 13.1-856. Election of directors by certain classes of members

§ 13.1-857. Terms of directors generally

§ 13.1-858. Staggered terms of directors

§ 13.1-859. Resignation of directors

§ 13.1-860. Removal of directors

§ 13.1-861. Judicial review of elections

§ 13.1-862. Vacancy on board of directors

§ 13.1-863. Compensation of directors

§ 13.1-864. Meetings of the board of directors

§ 13.1-865. Action without meeting of board of directors

§ 13.1-866. Notice of board of directors' meetings

§ 13.1-867. Waiver of notice by director

§ 13.1-868. Quorum and voting by directors

§ 13.1-869. Committees

§ 13.1-870. General standards of conduct for directors

§ 13.1-870.1. Limitation on liability of officers and directors; exception

§ 13.1-870.2. Limitation on liability of officers and directors; additional exception

§ 13.1-871. Director conflict of interests

§ 13.1-871.1. Business opportunities

§ 13.1-872. Required officers

§ 13.1-873. Duties of officers

§ 13.1-874. Resignation and removal of officers

§ 13.1-875. Definitions

§ 13.1-876. Authority to indemnify

§ 13.1-877. Mandatory indemnification

§ 13.1-878. Advance for expenses

§ 13.1-879. Repealed

§ 13.1-879.1. Court orders for advances, reimbursement or indemnification

§ 13.1-880. Determination and authorization of indemnification

§ 13.1-881. Indemnification of officers

§ 13.1-882. Insurance

§ 13.1-883. Application of article

§ 13.1-884. Authority to amend articles of incorporation

§ 13.1-885. Amendment of articles of incorporation by directors

§ 13.1-886. Amendment of articles of incorporation by directors and members

§ 13.1-887. Voting on amendments by voting groups

§ 13.1-887.1. Amendment prior to organization

§ 13.1-888. Articles of amendment

§ 13.1-889. Restated articles of incorporation

§ 13.1-890. Repealed

§ 13.1-891. Effect of amendment of articles of incorporation

§ 13.1-892. Amendment of bylaws by board of directors or members

§ 13.1-893. Bylaw provisions increasing quorum or voting requirements for directors

§ 13.1-893.1. Definitions

§ 13.1-894. Merger

§ 13.1-895. Action on plan of merger

§ 13.1-896. Articles of merger

§ 13.1-897. Effect of merger

§ 13.1-897.1. Abandonment of a merger

§ 13.1-898. Repealed

§ 13.1-898.1:1. Definitions

§ 13.1-898.2. Domestication

§ 13.1-898.3. Action on plan of domestication by a domestic corporation

§ 13.1-898.4. Articles of domestication

§ 13.1-898.5. Surrender of articles of incorporation upon domestication

§ 13.1-898.6. Effect of domestication

§ 13.1-898.7. Abandonment of domestication

§ 13.1-899. Sale of assets in regular course of business

§ 13.1-900. Sale of assets other than in regular course of business

§ 13.1-901. Sale of certain real property by incorporated educational institutions

§ 13.1-902. Dissolution by directors and members

§ 13.1-903. Dissolution by directors

§ 13.1-904. Articles of dissolution

§ 13.1-905. Revocation of dissolution

§ 13.1-906. Effect of dissolution

§ 13.1-907. Distribution and plan of distribution of assets

§ 13.1-908. Known claims against dissolved corporation

§ 13.1-908.1. Other claims against dissolved corporation

§ 13.1-908.2. Court proceedings

§ 13.1-908.3. Director duties

§ 13.1-909. Grounds for judicial dissolution

§ 13.1-910. Receivership or custodianship

§ 13.1-911. Decree of dissolution

§ 13.1-912. Articles of termination of corporate existence

§ 13.1-913. Termination of corporate existence by incorporators or initial directors

§ 13.1-914. Automatic termination of corporate existence

§ 13.1-915. Involuntary termination of corporate existence

§ 13.1-916. Reinstatement of a corporation that has ceased to exist

§ 13.1-917. Survival of remedy after termination of corporate existence

§ 13.1-918. Repealed

§ 13.1-919. Authority to transact business required

§ 13.1-920. Consequences of transacting business without authority

§ 13.1-921. Application for certificate of authority

§ 13.1-922. Amended certificate of authority

§ 13.1-923. Effect of certificate of authority

§ 13.1-924. Corporate name of foreign corporation

§ 13.1-925. Registered office and registered agent of foreign corporation

§ 13.1-926. Change of registered office or registered agent of a foreign corporation

§ 13.1-927. Resignation of registered agent of foreign corporation

§ 13.1-928. Service of process on foreign corporation

§ 13.1-928.1. Merger of foreign corporation authorized to transact business in Commonwealth

§ 13.1-928.2. Entity conversion of foreign corporation authorized to transact business in Commonwealth

§ 13.1-929. Withdrawal of foreign corporation

§ 13.1-930. Automatic revocation of certificate of authority

§ 13.1-931. Involuntary revocation of certificate of authority

§ 13.1-931.1. Reinstatement of foreign corporation whose certificate of authority has been withdrawn or revoked

§ 13.1-932. Corporate records

§ 13.1-933. Inspection of records by members

§ 13.1-934. Scope of inspection right

§ 13.1-935. Court-ordered inspection

§ 13.1-935.1. Inspection of records by directors

§ 13.1-936. Annual report of domestic and foreign corporations

§ 13.1-936.1. Annual registration fees to be paid by domestic and foreign corporations; penalty for failure to pay timely

§ 13.1-936.2. Collection of unpaid bills for registration fees

§ 13.1-937. Application to existing corporations

§ 13.1-938. Application to certain social, patriotic and benevolent societies incorporated before year 1900; reports by such societies

§ 13.1-939. Saving provision

§ 13.1-940. Repealed

§ 13.1-941. Repealed

§ 13.1-941.01. Repealed

§ 13.1-944.1. Definitions

§ 13.1-944.2. Entity conversion

§ 13.1-944.3. Plan of entity conversion

§ 13.1-944.4. Action on plan of entity conversion

§ 13.1-944.5. Articles of entity conversion

§ 13.1-944.6. Effect of entity conversion

§ 13.1-944.7. Abandonment of entity conversion

§ 13.1-945. Property title records

§ 13.1-946. Reserved