Code of Virginia
Chapter 9 - Virginia Stock Corporation Act
§ 13.1-628. Emergency powers

A. In anticipation of or during an emergency, as described in subsection D of § 13.1-625, the board of directors of a corporation may:
1. Modify lines of succession to accommodate the incapacity of any director, officer, employee, or agent; and
2. Relocate the principal office, designate alternative principal offices or regional offices, or authorize the officers to do so.
B. During such an emergency, unless emergency bylaws provide otherwise:
1. Notice of a meeting of the board of directors need be given only to those directors whom it is practicable to reach and may be given in any practicable manner, including by electronic transmission, press release, publication, or radio; and
2. One or more officers of the corporation present at a meeting of the board of directors may be deemed by a majority of the directors present at the meeting to be directors for the meeting, in order of rank and within the same rank in order of seniority, as necessary to achieve a quorum.
C. During such an emergency, the board of directors, or, if a quorum cannot be readily convened for a meeting, a majority of the directors present, may:
1. Take any action that it determines to be practical and necessary to address circumstances of the emergency with respect to a meeting of shareholders notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this chapter or in the articles of incorporation or bylaws, including (i) to postpone any such meeting to a later time or date, with the record date for determining the shareholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, such meeting applying to the postponed meeting irrespective of § 13.1-660, unless the board of directors fixes a new record date, and (ii) with respect to a corporation subject to the reporting requirements of § 13(a) or 15(d) of the federal Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, to notify shareholders of any postponement, a change of the place of the meeting, or a change to hold the meeting solely by means of remote communication pursuant to § 13.1-660.2 solely by a document publicly filed by the corporation with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to § 13, 14, or 15(d) of the federal Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2. With respect to any distribution that has been declared as to which the record date has not occurred, cancel such distribution, change the amount of such distribution, or change the record date or the payment date to a later date; provided that, in any such case, the corporation gives notice of such action to shareholders as promptly as practicable thereafter, and in any event before the record date theretofore in effect. Such notice, in the case of a corporation subject to the reporting requirements of § 13(a) or 15(d) of the federal Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, may be given solely by a document publicly filed by the corporation with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to § 13, 14, or 15(d) of the federal Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
No person shall be liable and no meeting of shareholders shall be postponed or voided for the failure to make a list of shareholders available pursuant to § 13.1-661 if it was not practicable to allow inspection during such an emergency.
D. Corporate action taken in good faith during such an emergency under this section to further the ordinary business affairs of the corporation:
1. Binds the corporation; and
2. May not be used to impose liability on a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation.
1985, c. 522; 2005, c. 765; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 487.

Structure Code of Virginia

Code of Virginia

Title 13.1 - Corporations

Chapter 9 - Virginia Stock Corporation Act

§ 13.1-601. Short title

§ 13.1-602. Reservation of power to amend or repeal

§ 13.1-603. Definitions

§ 13.1-604. Filing requirements

§ 13.1-604.1. Filings with the Commission pursuant to reorganization

§ 13.1-605. Issuance of certificate by Commission; recordation of documents

§ 13.1-606. Effective time and date of document

§ 13.1-607. Correcting filed articles

§ 13.1-608. Evidentiary effect of copy of filed document

§ 13.1-609. Certificate of good standing

§ 13.1-610. Notices and other communications

§ 13.1-610.1. Householding

§ 13.1-611. Number of shareholders

§ 13.1-612. Penalty for signing false document

§ 13.1-613. Unlawful to transact or offer to transact business as a corporation unless authorized

§ 13.1-614. Hearing and finality of Commission action; injunctions

§ 13.1-614.1. Definitions

§ 13.1-614.2. Defective corporate actions

§ 13.1-614.3. Ratification of defective corporate actions

§ 13.1-614.4. Action of ratification

§ 13.1-614.5. Notice

§ 13.1-614.6. Effect of ratification

§ 13.1-614.7. Filings

§ 13.1-614.8. Commission proceedings regarding validity of corporate actions

§ 13.1-615. Fees to be collected by Commission; application of payment; payment of fees prerequisite to Commission action; exceptions

§ 13.1-615.1. Charter and entrance fees for corporations

§ 13.1-616. Fees for filing documents or issuing certificates

§ 13.1-617. Repealed

§ 13.1-618. Incorporators

§ 13.1-619. Articles of incorporation

§ 13.1-620. Special kinds of business

§ 13.1-621. Issuance of certificate of incorporation

§ 13.1-622. Liability for preincorporation transactions

§ 13.1-623. Organization of corporation

§ 13.1-624. Bylaws

§ 13.1-625. Emergency bylaws

§ 13.1-626. Purposes

§ 13.1-627. General powers

§ 13.1-628. Emergency powers

§ 13.1-629. Lack of power to act

§ 13.1-630. Corporate name

§ 13.1-631. Reserved name

§ 13.1-632. Registered name

§ 13.1-633. Repealed

§ 13.1-634. Registered office and registered agent

§ 13.1-635. Change of registered office or registered agent

§ 13.1-636. Resignation of registered agent

§ 13.1-637. Service on corporation

§ 13.1-638. Authorized shares

§ 13.1-639. Terms of class or series determined by board of directors

§ 13.1-640. Issued and outstanding shares

§ 13.1-641. Fractional shares

§ 13.1-642. Subscription for shares before incorporation

§ 13.1-643. Issuance of shares

§ 13.1-644. Liability of shareholders and others

§ 13.1-645. Share dividends

§ 13.1-646. Share rights, options, warrants, and other awards

§ 13.1-647. Form and content of certificates evidencing shares

§ 13.1-648. Shares without certificates

§ 13.1-649. Restriction on transfer of shares and other securities

§ 13.1-650. Expense of issue

§ 13.1-651. Shareholders' preemptive rights

§ 13.1-652. Corporation's acquisition of its own shares

§ 13.1-653. Distributions to shareholders

§ 13.1-654. Annual meeting

§ 13.1-655. Special meeting

§ 13.1-656. Court-ordered meeting

§ 13.1-657. Action without meeting

§ 13.1-658. Notice of meeting

§ 13.1-659. Waiver of notice

§ 13.1-660. Record date for meeting

§ 13.1-660.1. Conduct of the meeting

§ 13.1-660.2. Remote participation in shareholders' meetings

§ 13.1-661. Shareholders' list for meeting

§ 13.1-662. Voting entitlement of shares

§ 13.1-663. Proxies

§ 13.1-664. Shares held by intermediaries and nominees

§ 13.1-664.1. Inspectors of election

§ 13.1-665. Corporation's acceptance of votes

§ 13.1-666. Quorum and voting requirements for voting groups

§ 13.1-667. Action by single and multiple voting groups

§ 13.1-668. Modifying quorum or voting requirements

§ 13.1-669. Voting for directors; cumulative voting

§ 13.1-669.1. Judicial determination of corporate offices and review of elections and shareholder votes

§ 13.1-670. Voting trusts

§ 13.1-671. Voting agreements

§ 13.1-671.1. Shareholder agreements

§ 13.1-672. Repealed

§ 13.1-672.1. Standing; condition precedent; stay of proceedings

§ 13.1-672.2. Discontinuance or settlement

§ 13.1-672.3. Foreign corporations

§ 13.1-672.4. Dismissal

§ 13.1-672.5. Payment of and security for expenses

§ 13.1-672.6. Shareholder action to appoint a custodian or receiver for a public corporation

§ 13.1-672.7. Shareholder defined

§ 13.1-673. Requirement for and duties of board of directors

§ 13.1-674. Qualifications for directors or for nominees for director

§ 13.1-675. Number and election of directors

§ 13.1-676. Election of directors by certain classes or series of shares

§ 13.1-677. Terms of directors generally

§ 13.1-678. Staggered terms for directors

§ 13.1-679. Resignation of directors

§ 13.1-680. Removal of directors by shareholders

§ 13.1-681. Repealed

§ 13.1-681.1. Removal of directors by judicial proceeding

§ 13.1-682. Vacancy on board of directors

§ 13.1-683. Compensation of directors

§ 13.1-684. Meetings of the board of directors

§ 13.1-685. Action without meeting of board of directors

§ 13.1-686. Notice of board of directors' meetings

§ 13.1-687. Waiver of notice by director

§ 13.1-688. Quorum and voting by directors

§ 13.1-689. Committees

§ 13.1-690. General standards of conduct for director

§ 13.1-690.1. Director of open-end management investment company deemed disinterested

§ 13.1-691. Director conflict of interests

§ 13.1-691.1. Business opportunities

§ 13.1-692. Liability for unlawful distributions

§ 13.1-692.1. Limitation on liability of officers and directors; exception

§ 13.1-693. Required officers

§ 13.1-694. Duties of officers

§ 13.1-695. Resignation and removal of officers

§ 13.1-696. Definitions

§ 13.1-697. Authority to indemnify

§ 13.1-698. Mandatory indemnification

§ 13.1-699. Advance for expenses

§ 13.1-700. Repealed

§ 13.1-700.1. Court orders for advance, reimbursement, or indemnification

§ 13.1-701. Determination and authorization of indemnification

§ 13.1-702. Advance for expenses and indemnification for officers

§ 13.1-703. Insurance

§ 13.1-704. Application of article

§ 13.1-705. Authority to amend articles of incorporation

§ 13.1-706. Amendment of articles of incorporation by the board of directors

§ 13.1-707. Amendment of articles of incorporation by the board of directors and shareholders

§ 13.1-708. Voting on amendments by voting groups

§ 13.1-709. Amendment of articles of incorporation by incorporators

§ 13.1-710. Articles of amendment

§ 13.1-711. Restated articles of incorporation

§ 13.1-712. Repealed

§ 13.1-712.1. Abandonment of amendment or restatement of articles of incorporation

§ 13.1-713. Effect of amendment of articles of incorporation

§ 13.1-714. Amendment of bylaws by board of directors or shareholders

§ 13.1-715. Bylaw provisions increasing quorum or voting requirements for the board of directors

§ 13.1-715.1. Definitions

§ 13.1-716. Merger

§ 13.1-717. Share exchange

§ 13.1-718. Action on a plan of merger or share exchange

§ 13.1-719. Merger between parent and subsidiary or between subsidiaries

§ 13.1-719.1. Formation of a holding company

§ 13.1-720. Articles of merger or share exchange

§ 13.1-721. Effect of merger or share exchange

§ 13.1-721.1. Abandonment of a merger or share exchange

§ 13.1-722. Repealed

§ 13.1-722.1:1. Definitions

§ 13.1-722.2. Domestication

§ 13.1-722.3. Action on a plan of domestication of a domestic corporation

§ 13.1-722.4. Repealed

§ 13.1-722.5. Articles of domestication; effectiveness

§ 13.1-722.6. Amendment of plan of domestication; abandonment

§ 13.1-722.7. Repealed

§ 13.1-722.7:1. Effect of domestication

§ 13.1-722.8. Definitions

§ 13.1-722.9. Conversion

§ 13.1-722.10. Plan of conversion

§ 13.1-722.11. Action on plan of conversion

§ 13.1-722.12. Articles of conversion; effectiveness

§ 13.1-722.12:1. Amendment of plan of conversion; abandonment

§ 13.1-722.13. Effect of conversion

§ 13.1-722.14. Repealed

§ 13.1-723. Disposition of assets not requiring shareholder approval

§ 13.1-724. Shareholder approval of certain dispositions

§ 13.1-725. Definitions

§ 13.1-725.1. Affiliated transactions

§ 13.1-726. Voting requirements for affiliated transactions

§ 13.1-726.1. Determination by disinterested directors

§ 13.1-727. Exceptions

§ 13.1-727.1. Nonexclusivity

§ 13.1-728. Repealed

§ 13.1-728.1. Definitions

§ 13.1-728.2. Application

§ 13.1-728.3. Voting rights

§ 13.1-728.4. Control share acquisition statement

§ 13.1-728.5. Meeting of shareholders

§ 13.1-728.6. Notice to shareholders

§ 13.1-728.7. Redemption

§ 13.1-728.8. Appraisal rights

§ 13.1-728.9. Nonexclusivity

§ 13.1-729. Definitions

§ 13.1-730. Right to appraisal

§ 13.1-731. Assertion of rights by nominees and beneficial owners

§ 13.1-732. Notice of appraisal rights

§ 13.1-733. Notice of intent to demand payment

§ 13.1-734. Appraisal notice and form

§ 13.1-735. Repealed

§ 13.1-735.1. Perfection of rights; right to withdraw

§ 13.1-736. Repealed

§ 13.1-737. Payment

§ 13.1-738. After-acquired shares

§ 13.1-739. Procedure if shareholder dissatisfied with payment or offer

§ 13.1-740. Court action

§ 13.1-741. Court costs and counsel fees

§ 13.1-741.1. Limitations on other remedies for fundamental transactions

§ 13.1-742. Dissolution by directors and shareholders

§ 13.1-743. Articles of dissolution

§ 13.1-744. Revocation of dissolution

§ 13.1-745. Effect of dissolution

§ 13.1-746. Known claims against dissolved corporation

§ 13.1-746.1. Other claims against dissolved corporation

§ 13.1-746.2. Court proceedings

§ 13.1-746.3. Director duties

§ 13.1-747. Grounds for judicial dissolution

§ 13.1-748. Receivership or custodianship

§ 13.1-749. Decree of dissolution

§ 13.1-749.1. Election to purchase in lieu of dissolution

§ 13.1-750. Articles of termination of corporate existence

§ 13.1-751. Termination of corporate existence by incorporators or initial directors

§ 13.1-752. Automatic termination of corporate existence

§ 13.1-753. Involuntary termination of corporate existence

§ 13.1-754. Reinstatement of a corporation that has ceased to exist

§ 13.1-755. Survival of remedy after termination of corporate existence

§ 13.1-756. Repealed

§ 13.1-757. Authority to transact business required

§ 13.1-758. Consequences of transacting business without authority

§ 13.1-759. Application for certificate of authority

§ 13.1-760. Amended certificate of authority

§ 13.1-761. Effect of certificate of authority

§ 13.1-762. Corporate name of foreign corporation

§ 13.1-763. Registered office and registered agent of foreign corporation

§ 13.1-764. Change of registered office or registered agent of a foreign corporation

§ 13.1-765. Resignation of registered agent of foreign corporation

§ 13.1-766. Service of process on foreign corporation

§ 13.1-766.1. Merger of foreign corporation authorized to transact business in Commonwealth

§ 13.1-766.2. Conversion of foreign corporation authorized to transact business in Commonwealth

§ 13.1-767. Withdrawal of foreign corporation

§ 13.1-768. Automatic revocation of certificate of authority

§ 13.1-768.1. Repealed

§ 13.1-769. Involuntary revocation of certificate of authority

§ 13.1-769.1. Reinstatement of a foreign corporation's certificate of authority that has been withdrawn or revoked

§ 13.1-770. Corporate records

§ 13.1-771. Inspection of records by shareholders

§ 13.1-772. Scope of inspection right

§ 13.1-773. Court-ordered inspection

§ 13.1-773.1. Inspection of records by directors

§ 13.1-774. Financial statements for shareholders

§ 13.1-775. Annual report of domestic and foreign corporations

§ 13.1-775.1. Annual registration fees to be paid by domestic and foreign corporations; penalty for failure to pay timely

§ 13.1-775.2. Collection of unpaid bills for registration fees

§ 13.1-776. Definitions

§ 13.1-777. Institution of proceeding to determine shareholders

§ 13.1-778. Application to existing corporations

§ 13.1-779. Savings provision

§ 13.1-780. Repealed

§ 13.1-781. Property title records

§ 13.1-782. Definitions

§ 13.1-783. Application and effect of article

§ 13.1-784. Formation of benefit corporations

§ 13.1-785. Election of status after formation

§ 13.1-786. Termination of status

§ 13.1-787. Corporate purposes

§ 13.1-788. Standard of conduct for directors

§ 13.1-789. Limitation upon liability of officers

§ 13.1-790. Right of action

§ 13.1-791. Annual benefit report

§ 13.1-792. Reserved