Montana Code Annotated
Part 3. Offenses, Penalties, and Immunities
30-10-316. Sanctions

30-10-316. Sanctions. (1) In any private action arising under this part, upon final adjudication of the action, the court shall include in the record specific findings regarding compliance by each party and each attorney representing any party with each requirement of Rule 11 of the Montana Rules of Civil Procedure as to any complaint, responsive pleading, or dispositive motion.
(2) If the court makes a finding under subsection (1) that a party or attorney violated any requirement of Rule 11 of the Montana Rules of Civil Procedure as to any complaint, responsive pleading, or dispositive motion, the court shall impose sanctions on the party or attorney in accordance with Rule 11. Prior to making a finding that any party or attorney has violated Rule 11, the court shall give the party or attorney notice and an opportunity to respond.
(3) (a) Subject to subsections (3)(b) and (3)(c), for the purposes of subsection (2), the court shall adopt a presumption that the appropriate sanction:
(i) for failure of any responsive pleading or dispositive motion to comply with any requirement of Rule 11 is an award to the opposing party of the reasonable attorney fees and other expenses incurred as a direct result of the violation; and
(ii) for substantial failure of any complaint to comply with any requirement of Rule 11 is an award to the opposing party of the reasonable attorney fees and other expenses incurred in the action.
(b) The presumption described in subsection (3)(a) may be rebutted only upon proof by the party or attorney against whom sanctions are to be imposed that:
(i) the award of attorney fees and other expenses will impose an unreasonable burden on that party or attorney and would be unjust and the failure to make an award would not impose a greater burden on the party in whose favor sanctions are to be imposed; or
(ii) the violation of Rule 11 was de minimis.
(c) If the party or attorney against whom sanctions are to be imposed meets its burden under subsection (3)(b), the court shall award the sanctions that the court considers appropriate pursuant to Rule 11.
History: En. Sec. 2, Ch. 468, L. 1997.

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