A provision in a will purporting to penalize an interested person for contesting the will or instituting other proceedings relating to the estate is unenforceable if probable cause exists for instituting proceedings.
1994 c 472 s 47
Structure Minnesota Statutes
Chapters 524 - 532 — Probate; Property; Estates; Guardianships; Anatomical Gifts
Chapter 524 — Uniform Probate Code
Section 524.1-101 — Citation And Numbering System.
Section 524.1-102 — Purposes; Rule Of Construction.
Section 524.1-103 — Supplementary General Principles Of Law Applicable.
Section 524.1-104 — Severability.
Section 524.1-106 — Effect Of Fraud And Evasion.
Section 524.1-107 — Evidence As To Death Or Status.
Section 524.1-108 — Acts By Holder Of General Power.
Section 524.1-201 — General Definitions.
Section 524.1-301 — Territorial Application.
Section 524.1-302 — Subject Matter Jurisdiction.
Section 524.1-303 — Venue; Multiple Proceedings; Transfer.
Section 524.1-304 — Practice In Court.
Section 524.1-306 — Jury Trial.
Section 524.1-307 — Registrar; Powers.
Section 524.1-310 — Verification Of Filed Documents.
Section 524.1-401 — Notice; Method And Time Of Giving.
Section 524.1-402 — Notice; Waiver.
Section 524.1-403 — Pleadings; When Parties Bound By Others; Notice.
Section 524.1-404 — Notice To Charitable Beneficiaries.
Section 524.2-101 — Intestate Estate.
Section 524.2-102 — Share Of The Spouse.
Section 524.2-103 — Share Of Heirs Other Than Surviving Spouse.
Section 524.2-104 — Requirement That Heir Survive Decedent For 120 Hours.
Section 524.2-106 — Representation.
Section 524.2-107 — Degree Of Kindred And Kindred Of Half Blood.
Section 524.2-108 — After-born Heirs.
Section 524.2-109 — Advancements.
Section 524.2-110 — Debts To Decedent.
Section 524.2-113 — Individuals Related To Decedent Through Two Lines.
Section 524.2-114 — Parent Barred From Inheriting In Certain Circumstances.
Section 524.2-116 — Effect Of Parent-child Relationship.
Section 524.2-117 — Parent-child Relationship With Genetic Parents.
Section 524.2-118 — Adoptee And Adoptee's Adoptive Parent Or Parents.
Section 524.2-119 — Adoptee And Adoptee's Genetic Parents.
Section 524.2-120 — Child Conceived By Assisted Reproduction.
Section 524.2-121 — No Effect On Gestational Agreements.
Section 524.2-122 — No Effect On Equitable Adoption.
Section 524.2-123 — Instruments Referencing Intestacy Laws.
Section 524.2-201 — Definitions.
Section 524.2-202 — Elective Share.
Section 524.2-203 — Composition Of The Augmented Estate.
Section 524.2-204 — Decedent's Net Probate Estate.
Section 524.2-205 — Decedent's Nonprobate Transfers To Others.
Section 524.2-206 — Decedent's Nonprobate Transfers To Surviving Spouse.
Section 524.2-207 — Surviving Spouse's Property And Nonprobate Transfers To Others.
Section 524.2-208 — Exclusions, Valuation, And Overlapping Application.
Section 524.2-209 — Sources From Which Elective Share Payable.
Section 524.2-210 — Personal Liability Of Recipients.
Section 524.2-211 — Proceeding For Elective Share; Time Limit.
Section 524.2-212 — Right Of Election Personal To Surviving Spouse.
Section 524.2-213 — Waiver Of Right To Elect And Of Other Rights.
Section 524.2-214 — Protection Of Payors And Other Third Parties.
Section 524.2-215 — Surviving Spouse Receiving Medical Assistance.
Section 524.2-301 — Entitlement Of Spouse; Premarital Will.
Section 524.2-302 — Omitted Children.
Section 524.2-401 — Applicable Law.
Section 524.2-402 — Descent Of Homestead.
Section 524.2-403 — Exempt Property.
Section 524.2-404 — Family Allowance.
Section 524.2-405 — Source, Determination, And Documentation.
Section 524.2-501 — Who May Make A Will.
Section 524.2-502 — Execution; Witnessed Wills.
Section 524.2-503 — Harmless Error.
Section 524.2-504 — Self-proved Will.
Section 524.2-505 — Who May Witness.
Section 524.2-506 — Choice Of Law As To Execution.
Section 524.2-507 — Revocation By Writing Or By Act.
Section 524.2-508 — Revocation By Changes Of Circumstances.
Section 524.2-509 — Revival Of Revoked Will.
Section 524.2-510 — Incorporation By Reference.
Section 524.2-511 — Testamentary Additions To Trusts.
Section 524.2-512 — Events Of Independent Significance.
Section 524.2-513 — Separate Writing Identifying Bequest Of Tangible Property.
Section 524.2-514 — Contracts Concerning Succession.
Section 524.2-515 — Deposit Of Will With Court In Testator's Lifetime.
Section 524.2-516 — Duty Of Custodian Of Will; Liability.
Section 524.2-517 — Penalty Clause For Contest.
Section 524.2-602 — Will May Pass All Property And After-acquired Property.
Section 524.2-603 — Antilapse; Deceased Devisee; Class Gifts; Words Of Survivorship.
Section 524.2-604 — Failure Of Testamentary Provision.
Section 524.2-605 — Increase In Securities; Accessions.
Section 524.2-607 — Nonexoneration.
Section 524.2-608 — Exercise Of Power Of Appointment.
Section 524.2-609 — Ademption By Satisfaction.
Section 524.2-703 — Choice Of Law As To Meaning And Effect Of Governing Instrument.
Section 524.2-704 — Power Of Appointment; Meaning Of Specific Reference Requirement.
Section 524.2-705 — Class Gifts Construed To Accord With Intestate Succession.
Section 524.2-709 — Representation; Per Stirpes; Per Capita At Each Generation.
Section 524.2-711 — Future Interests In "heirs," "heirs At Law," Or "next Of Kin."
Section 524.2-802 — Effect Of Dissolution Of Marriage, Annulment, And Decree Of Separation.
Section 524.2-805 — Reformation To Correct Mistakes.
Section 524.2-806 — Modification To Achieve Transferor's Tax Objectives.
Section 524.2-1001 — Definitions.
Section 524.2-1002 — International Will; Validity.
Section 524.2-1003 — International Will; Requirements.
Section 524.2-1004 — International Wills; Other Points Of Form.
Section 524.2-1005 — International Will; Certificate.
Section 524.2-1006 — International Will; Effect Of Certificate.
Section 524.2-1007 — International Will; Revocation.
Section 524.2-1008 — Source And Construction.
Section 524.2-1010 — International Will Information Registration.
Section 524.2-1101 — Short Title.
Section 524.2-1102 — Definitions.
Section 524.2-1104 — Tax-qualified Disclaimer.
Section 524.2-1105 — When Disclaimer Is Permitted.
Section 524.2-1106 — When Disclaimer Is Barred Or Limited.
Section 524.2-1107 — Power To Disclaim; General Requirements; When Irrevocable.
Section 524.2-1108 — Disclaimer Of Interest In Property.
Section 524.2-1109 — Disclaimer Of Rights Of Survivorship In Jointly Held Property.
Section 524.2-1110 — Disclaimer Of Interest By Trustee.
Section 524.2-1113 — Disclaimer Of Power Held In Fiduciary Capacity.
Section 524.2-1114 — Delivery Or Filing.
Section 524.2-1115 — Recording Of Disclaimer Relating To Real Estate.
Section 524.2-1116 — Application To Existing Relationships.
Section 524.3-101 — Devolution Of Estate At Death; Restrictions.
Section 524.3-102 — Necessity Of Order Of Probate For Will.
Section 524.3-103 — Necessity Of Appointment For Administration.
Section 524.3-104 — Claims Against Decedent; Necessity Of Administration.
Section 524.3-107 — Scope Of Proceedings; Proceedings Independent; Exception.
Section 524.3-108 — Probate, Testacy And Appointment Proceedings; Ultimate Time Limit.
Section 524.3-109 — Statutes Of Limitation On Decedent's Cause Of Action.
Section 524.3-201 — Venue For First And Subsequent Estate Proceedings; Location Of Property.
Section 524.3-203 — Priority Among Persons Seeking Appointment As Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-204 — Demand For Notice Of Order Or Filing Concerning Decedent's Estate.
Section 524.3-301 — Informal Probate Or Appointment Proceedings; Application; Contents.
Section 524.3-302 — Informal Probate; Duty Of Registrar; Effect Of Informal Probate.
Section 524.3-303 — Informal Probate; Proof And Findings Required.
Section 524.3-305 — Informal Probate; Registrar Not Satisfied.
Section 524.3-306 — Informal Probate; Notice Requirements.
Section 524.3-308 — Informal Appointment Proceedings; Proof And Findings Required.
Section 524.3-309 — Informal Appointment Proceedings; Registrar Not Satisfied.
Section 524.3-310 — Informal Appointment Proceedings; Notice Requirements.
Section 524.3-311 — Informal Appointment Unavailable In Certain Cases.
Section 524.3-401 — Formal Testacy Proceedings; Nature; When Commenced.
Section 524.3-402 — Formal Testacy Or Appointment Proceedings; Petition; Contents.
Section 524.3-403 — Formal Testacy Proceeding; Notice Of Hearing On Petition.
Section 524.3-404 — Formal Testacy Proceedings; Written Objections To Probate.
Section 524.3-405 — Formal Testacy Proceedings; Uncontested Cases; Hearings And Proof.
Section 524.3-406 — Formal Testacy Proceedings; Contested Cases; Testimony Of Attesting Witnesses.
Section 524.3-407 — Formal Testacy Proceedings; Burdens In Contested Cases.
Section 524.3-409 — Formal Testacy Proceedings; Order; Foreign Will.
Section 524.3-410 — Formal Testacy Proceedings; Probate Of More Than One Instrument.
Section 524.3-411 — Formal Testacy Proceedings; Partial Intestacy.
Section 524.3-412 — Formal Testacy Proceedings; Effect Of Order; Vacation.
Section 524.3-414 — Formal Proceedings Concerning Appointment Of Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-501 — Supervised Administration; Nature Of Proceeding.
Section 524.3-502 — Supervised Administration; Petition; Order.
Section 524.3-503 — Supervised Administration; Effect On Other Proceedings.
Section 524.3-504 — Supervised Administration; Powers Of Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-505 — Supervised Administration; Interim Orders; Distribution And Closing Orders.
Section 524.3-601 — Qualification.
Section 524.3-602 — Acceptance Of Appointment; Consent To Jurisdiction.
Section 524.3-603 — Bond Not Required Without Court Order; Exceptions.
Section 524.3-604 — Bond Amount; Security; Procedure; Reduction.
Section 524.3-605 — Demand For Bond By Interested Person.
Section 524.3-606 — Terms And Conditions Of Bonds.
Section 524.3-607 — Order Restraining Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-608 — Termination Of Appointment; General.
Section 524.3-609 — Termination Of Appointment; Death Or Disability.
Section 524.3-610 — Termination Of Appointment; Voluntary.
Section 524.3-611 — Termination Of Appointment By Removal; Cause; Procedure.
Section 524.3-612 — Termination Of Appointment; Change Of Testacy Status.
Section 524.3-613 — Successor Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-614 — Special Administrator; Appointment.
Section 524.3-615 — Special Administrator; Who May Be Appointed.
Section 524.3-616 — Special Administrator; Appointed Informally; Powers And Duties.
Section 524.3-617 — Special Administrator; Formal Proceedings; Power And Duties.
Section 524.3-618 — Termination Of Appointment; Special Administrator.
Section 524.3-701 — Time Of Accrual Of Duties And Powers.
Section 524.3-702 — Priority Among Different Letters.
Section 524.3-704 — Personal Representative To Proceed Without Court Order; Exception.
Section 524.3-706 — Duty Of Personal Representative; Inventory And Appraisement.
Section 524.3-707 — Employment Of Appraisers.
Section 524.3-708 — Duty Of Personal Representative; Supplementary Inventory.
Section 524.3-709 — Duty Of Personal Representative; Possession Of Estate.
Section 524.3-710 — Power To Avoid Transfers.
Section 524.3-711 — Powers Of Personal Representatives; In General.
Section 524.3-712 — Improper Exercise Of Power; Breach Of Fiduciary Duty.
Section 524.3-714 — Persons Dealing With Personal Representative; Protection.
Section 524.3-715 — Transactions Authorized For Personal Representatives; Exceptions.
Section 524.3-716 — Powers And Duties Of Successor Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-717 — Corepresentatives; When Joint Action Required.
Section 524.3-718 — Powers Of Surviving Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-719 — Compensation Of Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-720 — Expenses In Estate Litigation.
Section 524.3-801 — Notice To Creditors.
Section 524.3-802 — Statutes Of Limitations.
Section 524.3-803 — Limitations On Presentation Of Claims.
Section 524.3-804 — Manner Of Presentation Of Claims.
Section 524.3-805 — Classification Of Claims.
Section 524.3-806 — Allowance Of Claims.
Section 524.3-807 — Payment Of Claims.
Section 524.3-808 — Individual Liability Of Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-809 — Secured Claims.
Section 524.3-810 — Claims Not Due And Contingent Or Unliquidated Claims.
Section 524.3-811 — Counterclaims.
Section 524.3-812 — Execution And Levies Prohibited.
Section 524.3-813 — Compromise Of Claims.
Section 524.3-814 — Encumbered Assets.
Section 524.3-815 — Administration In More Than One State; Duty Of Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-816 — Final Distribution To Domiciliary Representative.
Section 524.3-817 — Joint Contract Claims.
Section 524.3-901 — Successors' Rights If No Administration.
Section 524.3-902 — Distribution; Order In Which Assets Appropriated; Abatement.
Section 524.3-903 — Right Of Retainer.
Section 524.3-904 — Interest On General Pecuniary Devise.
Section 524.3-906 — Distribution In Kind; Valuation; Method.
Section 524.3-907 — Distribution In Kind; Evidence.
Section 524.3-908 — Distribution; Right Or Title Of Distributee.
Section 524.3-909 — Improper Distribution; Liability Of Distributee.
Section 524.3-910 — Purchasers From Distributees Protected.
Section 524.3-911 — Partition For Purpose Of Distribution.
Section 524.3-913 — Distributions To Trustee.
Section 524.3-914 — Unclaimed Assets.
Section 524.3-915 — Distribution To Person Under Disability.
Section 524.3-916 — Apportionment Of Estate Taxes And Generation-skipping Tax.
Section 524.3-1003 — Closing Estates; By Sworn Statement Of Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-1004 — Liability Of Distributees To Claimants.
Section 524.3-1005 — Limitations On Proceedings Against Personal Representative.
Section 524.3-1006 — Limitations On Actions And Proceedings Against Distributees.
Section 524.3-1007 — Certificate Discharging Liens Securing Fiduciary Performance.
Section 524.3-1008 — Subsequent Administration.
Section 524.3-1102 — Procedure For Securing Court Approval Of Compromise.
Section 524.3-1201 — Collection Of Personal Property By Affidavit.
Section 524.3-1202 — Effect Of Affidavit.
Section 524.3-1203 — Summary Proceedings.
Section 524.3-1204 — Small Estates; Closing By Sworn Statement Of Personal Representative.
Section 524.4-101 — Definitions.
Section 524.4-202 — Payment Or Delivery Discharges.
Section 524.4-203 — Resident Creditor Notice.
Section 524.4-204 — Proof Of Authority-bond.
Section 524.4-206 — Power Of Representatives In Transition.
Section 524.4-207 — Provisions Governing Ancillary And Other Local Administrations.
Section 524.4-301 — Jurisdiction By Act Of Foreign Personal Representative.
Section 524.4-302 — Jurisdiction By Act Of Decedent.
Section 524.4-303 — Service On Foreign And Nonresident Personal Representatives.
Section 524.4-401 — Effect Of Adjudication For Or Against Personal Representative.
Section 524.5-101 — Short Title.
Section 524.5-102 — Definitions.
Section 524.5-103 — Supplemental General Principles Of Law Applicable.
Section 524.5-104 — Facility Of Transfer.
Section 524.5-106 — Subject-matter Jurisdiction.
Section 524.5-107 — Transfer Of Jurisdiction.
Section 524.5-109 — Practice In Court.
Section 524.5-110 — Letters Of Office.
Section 524.5-111 — Effect Of Acceptance Of Appointment.
Section 524.5-112 — Termination Of Or Change In Guardian's Or Conservator's Appointment.
Section 524.5-114 — Waiver Of Notice.
Section 524.5-115 — Guardian Ad Litem.
Section 524.5-117 — Multiple Appointments Or Nominations.
Section 524.5-118 — Background Study.
Section 524.5-119 — Central Registration Of Guardians And Conservators; Appropriation.
Section 524.5-120 — Bill Of Rights For Persons Subject To Guardianship Or Conservatorship.
Section 524.5-121 — Bill Of Particulars.
Section 524.5-201 — Appointment And Status Of Guardian.
Section 524.5-202 — Parental Appointment Of Guardian.
Section 524.5-203 — Objection By Minor Or Others To Parental Appointment.
Section 524.5-204 — Judicial Appointment Of Guardian: Conditions For Appointment.
Section 524.5-205 — Judicial Appointment Of Guardian: Procedure.
Section 524.5-207 — Powers And Duties Of Guardian.
Section 524.5-209 — Rights And Immunities Of Guardian.
Section 524.5-210 — Termination Of Guardianship; Other Proceedings After Appointment.
Section 524.5-211 — Delegation Of Power By Parent Or Guardian.
Section 524.5-301 — Appointment And Status Of Guardian.
Section 524.5-302 — Appointment Of Guardian By Will Or Other Writing.
Section 524.5-303 — Judicial Appointment Of Guardian: Petition.
Section 524.5-304 — Judicial Appointment Of Guardian: Preliminaries To Hearing.
Section 524.5-307 — Guardian Proceedings; Presence And Rights At Hearing.
Section 524.5-309 — Who May Be Guardian: Priorities.
Section 524.5-310 — Findings; Order Of Appointment.
Section 524.5-311 — Emergency Guardian.
Section 524.5-312 — Temporary Substitute Guardian.
Section 524.5-313 — Powers And Duties Of Guardian.
Section 524.5-315 — Rights And Immunities Of Guardian; Limitations.
Section 524.5-316 — Reports; Monitoring Of Guardianship; Court Orders.
Section 524.5-317 — Termination Or Modification Of Guardianship; Court Orders.
Section 524.5-401 — Protective Proceeding.
Section 524.5-402 — Jurisdiction Over Business Affairs Of Person Subject To Conservatorship.
Section 524.5-403 — Original Petition For Appointment Or Protective Order.
Section 524.5-405 — Original Petition: Minors; Preliminaries To Hearing.
Section 524.5-406 — Original Petition: Persons Under Disability; Preliminaries To Hearing.
Section 524.5-408 — Conservatorship Proceedings: Procedure At Hearing.
Section 524.5-409 — Findings; Order Of Appointment.
Section 524.5-410 — Powers Of Court.
Section 524.5-411 — Required Court Approval.
Section 524.5-412 — Protective Arrangements And Single Transactions.
Section 524.5-413 — Who May Be Conservator; Priorities.
Section 524.5-414 — Petition For Order Subsequent To Appointment.
Section 524.5-416 — Terms And Requirements Of Bond.
Section 524.5-417 — General Powers And Duties Of Conservator.
Section 524.5-418 — General Powers And Duties Of Conservator With Respect To Real Property.
Section 524.5-419 — Inventory; Records.
Section 524.5-420 — Reports; Appointment Of Visitor; Monitoring; Court Orders.
Section 524.5-421 — Title After Appointment.
Section 524.5-422 — Interest Of Person Subject To Conservatorship Nonalienable.
Section 524.5-423 — Sale, Encumbrance, Or Other Transaction Involving Conflict Of Interest.
Section 524.5-424 — Protection Of Person Dealing With Conservator.
Section 524.5-426 — Delegation.
Section 524.5-427 — Principles Of Distribution By Conservator.
Section 524.5-428 — Death Of Person Subject To Conservatorship.
Section 524.5-429 — Claims Against Person Subject To Conservatorship.
Section 524.5-430 — Personal Liability Of Conservator.
Section 524.5-431 — Termination Of Proceedings.
Section 524.5-433 — Foreign Conservator: Proof Of Authority; Bond; Powers.
Section 524.5-501 — Guardianship, Conservatorship; Workers' Compensation Proceedings.
Section 524.5-502 — Compensation And Expenses.
Section 524.5-601 — Short Title.
Section 524.5-602 — Definitions.
Section 524.5-603 — International Application.
Section 524.5-604 — Communication Between Courts.
Section 524.5-605 — Cooperation Between Courts.
Section 524.5-606 — Taking Testimony In Another State.
Section 524.5-701 — Definitions; Significant Connection Factors.
Section 524.5-702 — Exclusive Basis.
Section 524.5-703 — Jurisdiction.
Section 524.5-704 — Special Jurisdiction.
Section 524.5-705 — Exclusive And Continuing Jurisdiction.
Section 524.5-706 — Appropriate Forum.
Section 524.5-707 — Jurisdiction Declined By Reason Of Conduct.
Section 524.5-708 — Notice Of Proceeding.
Section 524.5-709 — Proceedings In More Than One State.
Section 524.5-801 — Transfer Of Guardianship Or Conservatorship To Another State.
Section 524.5-802 — Accepting Guardianship Or Conservatorship Transferred From Another State.
Section 524.5-901 — Registration Of Guardianship Orders.
Section 524.5-902 — Registration Of Protective Orders.
Section 524.5-903 — Effect Of Registration.
Section 524.6-201 — Definitions.
Section 524.6-202 — Ownership As Between Parties, And Others; Protection Of Financial Institutions.
Section 524.6-203 — Ownership During Lifetime.
Section 524.6-204 — Right Of Survivorship.
Section 524.6-205 — Effect Of A Written Notice To Financial Institution.
Section 524.6-206 — Accounts And Transfers Nontestamentary.
Section 524.6-207 — Rights Of Creditors.
Section 524.6-208 — Financial Institution Protection; Payment On Signature Of One Party.
Section 524.6-210 — Financial Institution Protection; Payment Of P.o.d. Account.
Section 524.6-211 — Financial Institution Protection; Discharge.
Section 524.6-212 — Financial Institution Protection; Setoff.
Section 524.6-215 — Designation Of Agent.
Section 524.6-216 — Types Of Account; Existing Accounts.
Section 524.6-301 — Definitions.
Section 524.6-302 — Registration In Beneficiary Form; Sole Or Joint Tenancy Ownership.
Section 524.6-303 — Registration In Beneficiary Form; Applicable Law.
Section 524.6-304 — Origination Of Registration In Beneficiary Form.
Section 524.6-305 — Form Of Registration In Beneficiary Form.
Section 524.6-306 — Effect Of Registration In Beneficiary Form.
Section 524.6-307 — Death Of Owner; Creditors.
Section 524.6-308 — Protection Of Registering Entity.
Section 524.6-309 — Nontestamentary Transfer; Revocation Of Designation.
Section 524.6-310 — Terms, Conditions, And Forms For Registration.
Section 524.6-311 — Application.