Sec. 525.
(1) Unless prohibited by the articles of incorporation or bylaws, action required or permitted to be taken under authorization voted at a meeting of the board or a committee of the board, may be taken without a meeting if, before or after the action, all members of the board then in office or of the committee consent to the action in writing or by electronic transmission.
(2) A consent under this section shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the board or committee. The consent has the same effect as a vote of the board or committee for all purposes.
(3) An individual may direct that a consent to an action of the board or committee will take effect at a future time. All of the following apply for purposes of this subsection:
(a) The individual may provide the direction through an agent or in some other manner.
(b) Subject to subdivision (c), the individual shall select a specific date on which the consent takes effect that is not more than 60 days after the date he or she provides the direction.
(c) The individual may direct that the consent will take effect at the time a specified future event occurs rather than on a specific date under subdivision (b), if that event will occur not more than 60 days after the date he or she provides the direction.
(d) The consent shall only take effect if the individual is a director at the future time specified in the direction. An individual is not required to be a director at the time the consent is executed or evidence of the direction is provided to the corporation for the consent to take effect.
(e) Unless otherwise provided in the direction, a direction is revocable at any time before the consent becomes effective.
(f) For the purposes of this section, if evidence of a direction under this subsection is provided to the corporation and is not revoked, the future time established in the direction is considered the time the consent takes effect.
History: 1972, Act 284, Eff. Jan. 1, 1973 ;-- Am. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989 ;-- Am. 2001, Act 57, Imd. Eff. July 23, 2001 ;-- Am. 2018, Act 85, Eff. June 24, 2018
Structure Michigan Compiled Laws
Act 284 of 1972 - Business Corporation Act (450.1101 - 450.2099)
284-1972-5 - Chapter 5 Directors and Officers (450.1501...450.1571)
Section 450.1501 - Management of Corporation; Qualifications of Director.
Section 450.1511 - Removal of Directors by Shareholders.
Section 450.1514 - Removal of Director by Court.
Section 450.1515 - Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989.
Section 450.1515a - Filling Vacancy in Board.
Section 450.1521 - Regular or Special Meetings of Board.
Section 450.1523 - Quorum; Majority Vote as Constituting Action of Board.
Section 450.1525 - Consent to Action of Board Without Meeting.
Section 450.1528 - Committees; Powers and Authority; Limitations; Subcommittees.
Section 450.1529 - Submission of Matter to Shareholder Vote.
Section 450.1535 - Removal or Resignation of Officers; Contract Rights.
Section 450.1541 - Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989.
Section 450.1545 - Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989.
Section 450.1545a - Interest of Director or Officer in Transaction; Compensation of Directors.
Section 450.1546 - Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989.
Section 450.1548 - Loan, Guaranty, or Assistance by Corporation to Director, Officer, or Employee.
Section 450.1553 - Presumption of Concurrence by Director in Corporation Action; Effect of Dissent.
Section 450.1554 - Action Against Director or Shareholder; Limitation.
Section 450.1561 - Indemnification of Certain Persons Generally.
Section 450.1562 - Additional Provisions for Indemnification of Certain Persons.
Section 450.1563 - Indemnification Against Actual and Reasonable Expenses.
Section 450.1564 - Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989.
Section 450.1564c - Application for Indemnification to Court; Determination.