Georgia Code
Article 4 - Parties
§ 9-11-23. Class Actions

The orders may be combined with other orders, and may be altered or amended by the court as may be desirable from time to time.
History. Ga. L. 1966, p. 609, § 23; Ga. L. 1989, p. 946, § 75; Ga. L. 1996, p. 1203, § 1; Ga. L. 2003, p. 820, § 3; Ga. L. 2005, p. 303, § 1/SB 19.
Editor’s notes.
Ga. L. 2003, p. 820, § 9, not codified by the General Assembly, provides that this Act “shall apply to all civil actions filed on or after July 1, 2003.”
U.S. Code.
For provisions of Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 23, see 28 U.S.C.
Law reviews.
For article discussing liability of corporate directors, officers, and shareholders under the Georgia Business Corporation Code, affected by provisions of the Georgia Civil Practice Act, see 7 Ga. St. B.J. 277 (1971).
For article discussing class actions in Georgia, particularly in light of Georgia Inv. Co. v. Norman, 229 Ga. 160 , 190 S.E.2d 48 (1972), see 24 Mercer L. Rev. 447 (1973).
For article discussing the effect of the Magnuson-Moss Act (15 U.S.C. §§ 2301-2312) upon class actions, see 27 Mercer L. Rev. 1111 (1976).
For note discussing class actions under this Code section, see 11 Ga. L. Rev. 546 (1977).
For article, “Mass Torts and Litigation Disasters,” see 20 Ga. L. Rev. 429 (1986).
For article, “A Comment on Mass Torts and Litigation Disasters,” see 20 Ga. L. Rev. 455 (1986).
For comment, “Mandatory Notice and Defendant Class Actions: Resolving the Paradox of Identity Between Plaintiffs and Defendants,” see 40 Emory L.J. 611 (1991).
For comment, “Catch-23(b)(1)(B): The Dilemma of Using the Mandatory Class Action to Resolve the Problem of the Mass Tort Case,” see 40 Emory L.J. 665 (1991).
For review of 1996 corporation, partnership, and association legislation, see 13 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 70 (1996).
For article, “Class Action Law in Georgia: Emerging Trends in Litigation, Certification, and Settlement,” see 49 Mercer L. Rev. 39 (1997).
For note on the 2003 amendment to this Code section, see 20 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 28 (2003).
For article, “When Reform is not Enough: Assuring More Than Merely ‘Adequate’ Representation in Class Actions,” see 38 Ga. L. Rev. 927 (2004).
For article, “The 2003 Amendment to the Georgia Class Action Statute: A New Day for Georgia Class Actions?,” see 10 Ga. St. B.J. 26 (No. 2, 2004).
For annual survey of trial practice and procedure, see 56 Mercer L. Rev. 433 (2004).
For article, “Class Actions,” see 56 Mercer L. Rev. 1219 (2005).
For annual survey of class action law, see 57 Mercer L. Rev. 1031 (2006).
For survey article on trial practice and procedure, see 60 Mercer L. Rev. 397 (2008).
For annual survey on insurance, see 61 Mercer L. Rev. 179 (2009).
For annual survey of law on class actions, see 61 Mercer L. Rev. 1015 (2010).
For annual survey of law on trial practice and procedure, see 62 Mercer L. Rev. 339 (2010).
For article, “Georgia’s New Evidence Code: After the Celebration, a Serious Review of Anticipated Subjects of Litigation to be Brought on by the New Legislation,” see 64 Mercer L. Rev. 1 (2012).
For article, “Division of Labor: The Modernization of the Supreme Court of Georgia and Concomitant Workload Reduction Measures in the Court of Appeals,” see 30 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 925 (2014).
For annual survey on trial practice and procedure, see 67 Mercer L. Rev. 257 (2015).
For note, “Cybersecurity on My Mind: Protecting Georgia Consumers from Data Breaches,” see 51 Ga. L. Rev. 265 (2016).
For note, “The Great Escape: How One Plaintiff’s Sidestep of a Mandatory Arbitration Clause Was Applied to a Class in Bickerstaff v. SunTrust Bank,” see 68 Mercer L. Rev. 539 (2017).
For article, “The Impropriety of Punitive Damages in Mass Torts,” see 52 Ga. L. Rev. 723 (2018).
For annual review of class actions, see 69 Mercer L. Rev. 1065 (2018).
For article, “Surges and Delays in Mass Adjudication,” see 53 Ga. L. Rev. 1335 (2019).
For annual survey on class actions, see 70 Mercer L. Rev. 895 (2019).
For article with annual survey on class actions, see 72 Mercer L. Rev. 1049 (2021).