History. Orig. Code 1863, § 2998; Code 1868, § 3011; Code 1873, § 3066; Code 1882, § 3066; Civil Code 1895, § 3906; Civil Code 1910, § 4503; Code 1933, § 105-2002; Ga. L. 1987, p. 915, § 4.
Cross references.
Punitive damages, § 51-12-5.1 .
Law reviews.
For comment on Atlanta Journal Co. v. Doyal, 31 Ga. App. 592 , 60 S.E.2d 802 (1950), see 13 Ga. B. J. 234 (1950).
For comment discussing admissibility of evidence of malice not previously pleaded, in light of Van Gundy v. Wilson, 84 Ga. App. 429 , 66 S.E.2d 93 (1951), see 14 Ga. B. J. 358 (1952).
For comment on Aderhold v. Zimmer, 86 Ga. App. 204 , 71 S.E.2d 270 (1952), see 15 Ga. B. J. 355 (1953).
For note, “Allowance of Punitive Damages in Products Liability Claims,” see 6 Ga. L. Rev. 613 (1972).
For article surveying torts law, see 34 Mercer L. Rev. 271 (1982).
For article, “Punitive Damages — Their Permissible Scope,” see 19 Ga. St. B. J. 118 (1983).
For article discussing damages in an excess liability action, “The Liability Insurance Policy — Above and Beyond Coverage: Extra-Contractual Rights and Duties,” see 22 Ga. State Bar J. 137 (1986).
For annual survey of the law of evidence, see 38 Mercer L. Rev. 215 (1986).
For article, “The Torok Tort: Recovery for Abusive Litigation,” see 23 Ga. St. B.J. 84 (1987).
For article, “Nonjudicial Foreclosures in Georgia Revisited,” see 24 Ga. St. B. J. 43 (1987).
For comment, “Are Excessive Punitive Damages Unconstitutional in Georgia?: This Question and More in Colonial Pipeline Co. v. Brown,” see 6 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 85 (1989).
For article, “Products Liability Law in Georgia Including Recent Developments,” see 43 Mercer L. Rev. 27 (1991).
Structure Georgia Code
Article 1 - General Provisions
§ 51-12-1. Types of Damages; Evidence Admissible in Actions Involving Special Damages
§ 51-12-2. General and Special Damages Distinguished; When Recovered
§ 51-12-3. Direct and Consequential Damages Distinguished
§ 51-12-4. Damages Given as Compensation for Injury; Measure of Damages Generally; Nominal Damages
§ 51-12-5. Additional Damages for Aggravating Circumstances
§ 51-12-6. Damages for Injury to Peace, Happiness, or Feelings
§ 51-12-7. Recovery of Necessary Expenses
§ 51-12-8. When Damage Too Remote for Recovery Generally
§ 51-12-9. How Remoteness Ascertained
§ 51-12-10. Exception to Rule Against Recovery of Remote Damages
§ 51-12-11. Mitigation of Damages Required; Exception
§ 51-12-12. Court Interference With Jury Verdict as to Damages
§ 51-12-13. Reduction of Expenses, Wages, and Other Damages to Present Value