For the purposes of this article, the fact that the umbilical cord has not been cut or that the placenta remains attached shall not be considered in determining whether a human infant has achieved an independent and separate existence.
2010, cc. 810, 851.
Structure Code of Virginia
Title 18.2 - Crimes and Offenses Generally
Chapter 4 - Crimes Against the Person
§ 18.2-30. Murder and manslaughter declared felonies
§ 18.2-31. Aggravated murder defined; punishment
§ 18.2-32. First and second degree murder defined; punishment
§ 18.2-32.1. Murder of a pregnant woman; penalty
§ 18.2-32.2. Killing a fetus; penalty
§ 18.2-32.3. Human infant; independent and separate existence
§ 18.2-33. Felony homicide defined; punishment
§ 18.2-35. How voluntary manslaughter punished
§ 18.2-36. How involuntary manslaughter punished
§ 18.2-36.1. Certain conduct punishable as involuntary manslaughter
§ 18.2-36.2. Involuntary manslaughter; operating a watercraft while under the influence; penalties
§ 18.2-37. How and where homicide prosecuted and punished if death occur without the Commonwealth
§ 18.2-37.1. Certain matters not to constitute defenses
§ 18.2-40. Lynching deemed murder
§ 18.2-41. Shooting, stabbing, etc., with intent to maim, kill, etc., by mob
§ 18.2-42. Assault or battery by mob
§ 18.2-42.1. Acts of violence by mob
§ 18.2-43. Apprehension and prosecution of participants in lynching
§ 18.2-44. Civil liability for lynching
§ 18.2-45. Persons suffering death from mob attempting to lynch another person
§ 18.2-46.2. Prohibited criminal street gang participation; penalty
§ 18.2-46.3. Recruitment of persons for criminal street gang; penalty
§ 18.2-46.3:1. Third or subsequent conviction of criminal street gang crimes
§ 18.2-46.3:3. Enhanced punishment for gang activity taking place in a gang-free zone; penalties
§ 18.2-46.5. Committing, conspiring and aiding and abetting acts of terrorism prohibited; penalty
§ 18.2-46.7. Act of bioterrorism against agricultural crops or animals; penalty
§ 18.2-46.10. Violation of sections within article separate and distinct offenses
§ 18.2-47. Abduction and kidnapping defined; punishment
§ 18.2-48. Abduction with intent to extort money or for immoral purpose
§ 18.2-48.1. Abduction by prisoners or committed persons; penalty
§ 18.2-49. Threatening, attempting, or assisting in such abduction; penalty
§ 18.2-49.1. Violation of court order regarding custody and visitation; penalty
§ 18.2-50. Disclosure of information and assistance to law-enforcement officers required
§ 18.2-50.2. Emergency control of telephone service in hostage or barricaded person situation
§ 18.2-51. Shooting, stabbing, etc., with intent to maim, kill, etc.
§ 18.2-51.2. Aggravated malicious wounding; penalty
§ 18.2-51.4. Maiming, etc., of another resulting from driving while intoxicated
§ 18.2-51.6. Strangulation of another; penalty
§ 18.2-51.7. Female genital mutilation; penalty
§ 18.2-52.1. Possession of infectious biological substances or radiological agents; penalties
§ 18.2-52.2. Animal attack resulting from owner's disregard for human life; penalty
§ 18.2-53. Shooting, etc., in committing or attempting a felony
§ 18.2-53.1. Use or display of firearm in committing felony
§ 18.2-54. Conviction of lesser offenses under certain indictments
§ 18.2-54.1. Attempts to poison
§ 18.2-54.2. Adulteration of food, drink, drugs, cosmetics, etc.; penalty
§ 18.2-55.1. Hazing of youth gang members unlawful; criminal liability
§ 18.2-56. Hazing unlawful; civil and criminal liability; duty of school, etc., officials; penalty
§ 18.2-56.1. Reckless handling of firearms; reckless handling while hunting
§ 18.2-56.2. Allowing access to firearms by children; penalty
§ 18.2-57. Assault and battery; penalty
§ 18.2-57.01. Pointing laser at law-enforcement officer unlawful; penalty
§ 18.2-57.02. Disarming a law-enforcement or correctional officer; penalty
§ 18.2-57.2. Assault and battery against a family or household member; penalty
§ 18.2-57.4. Reporting findings of assault and battery to military family advocacy representatives
§ 18.2-57.5. Certain matters not to constitute defenses
§ 18.2-58.1. Carjacking; penalty
§ 18.2-59. Extortion of money, property or pecuniary benefit
§ 18.2-60.1. Threatening the Governor or his immediate family
§ 18.2-60.2. Members of the Governor's immediate family
§ 18.2-60.3. Stalking; penalty
§ 18.2-60.4. Violation of protective orders; penalty
§ 18.2-60.5. Unauthorized use of electronic tracking device; penalty
§ 18.2-63. Carnal knowledge of child between thirteen and fifteen years of age
§ 18.2-64.1. Carnal knowledge of certain minors
§ 18.2-67.2. Object sexual penetration; penalty
§ 18.2-67.3. Aggravated sexual battery; penalty
§ 18.2-67.4:1. Infected sexual battery; penalty
§ 18.2-67.4:2. Sexual abuse of a child under 15 years of age; penalty
§ 18.2-67.5:1. Punishment upon conviction of third misdemeanor offense
§ 18.2-67.5:2. Punishment upon conviction of certain subsequent felony sexual assault
§ 18.2-67.5:3. Punishment upon conviction of certain subsequent violent felony sexual assault
§ 18.2-67.6. Proof of physical resistance not required
§ 18.2-67.7. Admission of evidence (Supreme Court Rule 2:412 derived from this section)
§ 18.2-67.8. Closed preliminary hearings
§ 18.2-67.9. Testimony by child victims and witnesses using two-way closed-circuit television
§ 18.2-67.9:1. Use of a certified facility dog for testimony in a criminal proceeding
§ 18.2-67.10. General definitions
§ 18.2-71. Producing abortion or miscarriage, etc.; penalty
§ 18.2-71.1. Partial birth infanticide; penalty
§ 18.2-72. When abortion lawful during first trimester of pregnancy
§ 18.2-73. When abortion lawful during second trimester of pregnancy
§ 18.2-74. When abortion or termination of pregnancy lawful after second trimester of pregnancy
§ 18.2-74.1. Abortion, etc., when necessary to save life of woman
§ 18.2-76. Informed written consent required