Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations
Chapter 107 - Mining and metal recovery.
107.15 - Requirements for mineral exploration.

107.15 Requirements for mineral exploration.
(1) Legislative purpose. The purpose of this section is to further the public interest in informed decision-making by appropriate state agencies, including the office of the state geologist, which are responsible for mineral, geologic and other earth-related sciences by ensuring that those agencies have as much geological information as possible where such information is relevant to their functions and at the same time protecting proprietary rights in such information.
(2) Definitions. In this section:
(a) “Exploration" has the meaning designated in s. 293.01 (5).
(b) “Licensee" means any person licensed to conduct exploration activities by the department of natural resources under s. 293.21. If the person is a corporation or limited liability company, “licensee" includes the parent and any subsidiary or affiliates of the corporation or limited liability company engaged in mining or activities related to mining in this state.
(c) “Metalliferous minerals" means naturally occurring minerals which contain metal.
(d) “Mining" or “mining operation" has the meaning designated in s. 293.01 (9).
(e) “Prospecting" has the meaning designated in s. 293.01 (18).
(4) Release of geologic data.
(a) The licensee shall submit to the state geologist a report containing the following information on or before July 1 of the year following each year in which soil, rock, core or drill cutting samples are obtained by the licensee:
1. The name and address of the person conducting exploration and, if the person is a corporation or limited liability company, the names and addresses of the parent and any subsidiaries or domestic affiliates of the corporation or limited liability company engaged in exploration activities in this state;
2. The names and addresses of the owners of the lands in this state on which exploration activities have been conducted;
3. The specific location, inclination and the collar azimuth of completed drill holes;
4. The date core samples and drill cuttings which have been collected or prepared, were obtained;
5. The approximate elevation of the collars of drill holes;
6. The percent core recovery log; and
7. A noninterpretive lithologic description of all portions of core samples and, of all drill cuttings if any noninterpretive lithologic descriptions of drill cuttings are prepared, excluding mention of metalliferous minerals found in the samples and cuttings.
(b) The state geologist may require that designated representative and reasonable quantities of soil, rock, core or drill cutting samples obtained by a licensee during exploration be retained by the licensee and released to the state geologist for purposes of geologic study. The state geologist shall designate the samples and the quantities to be retained by the licensee and shall notify the licensee by December 31 of the year in which a report under par. (a) is submitted. The licensee shall release the samples no later than July 1 of the year following the year in which an exploration lease for the site where the samples were obtained has expired, but release shall be no later than 10 years after the commencement of drilling at the site.
(c) The state geologist or his or her designee may visually examine, at reasonable hours mutually agreed upon by the licensee and the state geologist, core samples or drill cuttings which are reported on under par. (a), except for those core samples or drill cuttings or portions of core samples or drill cuttings which the licensee deems proprietary or confidential.
(d) No later than upon the termination of mining or the abandonment of a site subsequent to prospecting, or 10 years from the date core samples or drill cuttings were originally obtained, the licensee shall submit to the state geologist, if not previously submitted, the following noninterpretive geologic information and samples:
1. The name and address of the person conducting exploration and, if the person is a corporation or limited liability company, the names and addresses of the parent and any subsidiaries or domestic affiliates of the corporation or limited liability company engaged in exploration, prospecting or mining in this state;
2. The names and addresses of the owners of the lands in this state on which exploration activities have been conducted;
3. The specific location, inclination and the collar azimuth of completed drill holes;
4. A noninterpretive lithologic description of all portions of core samples and, of all drill cuttings if any noninterpretive lithologic descriptions of drill cuttings are prepared, excluding mention of the quantity of metalliferous minerals found in the samples and cuttings;
5. Geologic maps of a lithologic nature of a scale smaller than one inch equals 200 feet normally prepared as a permanent record of an exploration, prospecting or mining operation;
6. The date core samples and drill cuttings were obtained;
7. The approximate elevation of the collars of drill holes;
8. The percent core recovery log; and
9. Upon the request of the state geologist, a representative sample of any core samples or drill cuttings which have been collected.
(e) The information submitted to the state geologist under par. (a) or (d) may not be used by any person as the basis for any claim of civil liability which is unrelated to metalliferous mineral mining. Any person submitting information in good faith and in compliance with this section shall not be held responsible for any consequences of the use of or reliance upon such information.
(f) Exploration data and samples submitted under par. (a) or (b), or both, shall be kept confidential until December 31 of the 3rd year following the date of submission. The confidentiality of the data and samples obtained during prospecting or mining shall extend to the time of the abandonment of a site subsequent to prospecting, the termination of mining if mining occurs, or 10 years after the core samples or drill cuttings were obtained, whichever is earliest.
(5) Fees. The state geologist shall charge a reasonable fee to persons requesting copies of any written information collected or prepared under this section. A person employed by a state agency shall not be charged for such information if the information requested is necessary for the performance of the person's duties.
(6) Penalties.
(a) Any person who knowingly or willfully fails to comply with the reporting requirements of this section shall be fined up to $50,000.
(b) In addition to the penalty prescribed in par. (a), any person who fails to submit information which is required to be submitted under this section shall forfeit $10 for each day after the date on which the information should have been submitted until the information is provided.
(c) Any person who knowingly or willfully violates the confidentiality requirements of this section shall be fined not less than $50 nor more than $50,000, or be imprisoned for not less than one month nor more than 6 months, or both. This paragraph shall not prevent the use of the confidential information:
1. For assessment purposes under s. 36.25 (6); or
2. By the secretary of the department of natural resources for purposes of specific environmental analysis and permit application evaluation and by the secretary of the department of revenue provided that the confidential information shall not be released by either the department of revenue or the department of natural resources, that the departments of revenue and natural resources shall establish procedures to keep any confidential information confidential, and that the responsible person or persons in each department shall be subject to the penalty specified under this paragraph for the unauthorized release of confidential information.
History: 1977 c. 422, 447; 1979 c. 142; 1981 c. 87; 1993 a. 112; 1995 a. 227.
The public disclosure of confidential mining exploration data and core samples is an unconstitutional taking of property without just compensation. Noranda Exploration, Inc. v. Ostrom, 113 Wis. 2d 612, 335 N.W.2d 596 (1983).