Virginia constitution

Article I: bill of rights

Section 1 - That all men are by nature equally free and independent...

Section 2 - That all power is vested in, and consequently derived from,...

Section 3 - That government is, or ought to be, instituted for the...

Section 4 - That no man, or set of men, is entitled to...

Section 5 - That the legislative, executive, and judicial departments of the Commonwealth...

Section 6 - That all elections ought to be free; and that all...

Section 7 - That all power of suspending laws, or the execution of...

Section 8 - The provisions of this section shall be self-executing.

Section 8a - This section does not confer upon any person a right...

Section 9 - That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive...

Section 10 - That general warrants, whereby an officer or messenger may be...

Section 11 - That the General Assembly shall pass no law whereby private...

Section 12 - That the freedoms of speech and of the press are...

Section 13 - That a well regulated militia, composed of the body of...

Section 14 - That the people have a right to uniform government; and,...

Section 15 - That free government rests, as does all progress, upon the...

Section 15-a - That only a union between one man and one woman...

Section 16 - That religion or the duty which we owe to our...

Section 17 - The rights enumerated in this Bill of Rights shall not...

Article II: franchise and officers

Section 1 - Any person who will be qualified with respect to age...

Section 2 - Nothing in this article shall preclude the General Assembly from...

Section 3 - In elections other than primary elections, provision shall be made...

Section 4 - The General Assembly shall provide for the nomination of candidates,...

Section 5 - (a) the General Assembly may impose more restrictive geographical residence...

Section 6 - The districts delineated in the decennial reapportionment law shall be...

Section 6-a - (i) All records and documents of the Commission, or any...

Section 7 - "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support...

Section 8 - No person, nor the deputy of any person, who is...

Section 9 - No voter, during the time of holding any election at...

Article III: division of powers

Section 1 - The legislative, executive, and judicial departments shall be separate and...

Article IV: legislature

Section 1 - The legislative power of the Commonwealth shall be vested in...

Section 2 - The Senate shall consist of not more than forty and...

Section 3 - The House of Delegates shall consist of not more than...

Section 4 - No person holding a salaried office under the government of...

Section 5 - The members of the General Assembly shall receive such salary...

Section 6 - The General Assembly shall reconvene on the sixth Wednesday after...

Section 7 - The House of Delegates shall choose its own Speaker; and,...

Section 8 - A majority of the members elected to each house shall...

Section 9 - Members of the General Assembly shall, in all cases except...

Section 10 - Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, which...

Section 11 - The presiding officer of each house or upon his inability...

Section 12 - No law shall embrace more than one object, which shall...

Section 13 - All laws enacted at a regular session, including laws which...

Section 14 - For the punishment of crime. Providing a change of venue...

Section 15 - No general or special law shall surrender or suspend the...

Section 16 - The General Assembly shall not make any appropriation of public...

Section 17 - The Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, judges, members of the...

Section 18 - An Auditor of Public Accounts shall be elected by the...

Article V: executive

Section 1 - The chief executive power of the Commonwealth shall be vested...

Section 2 - The Governor shall be elected by the qualified voters of...

Section 3 - No person except a citizen of the United States shall...

Section 4 - The Governor shall reside at the seat of government. He...

Section 5 - The Governor shall communicate to the General Assembly, at every...

Section 6 - (e) In all cases set forth above, the names of...

Section 7 - Gubernatorial appointments to fill vacancies in offices which are filled...

Section 8 - The Governor may require information in writing, under oath, from...

Section 9 - The functions, powers, and duties of the administrative departments and...

Section 10 - Except as may be otherwise provided in this Constitution, the...

Section 11 - No person appointed to any office by the Governor, whose...

Section 12 - He shall communicate to the General Assembly, at each regular...

Section 13 - A Lieutenant Governor shall be elected at the same time...

Section 14 - The Lieutenant Governor shall be President of the Senate but...

Section 15 - An Attorney General shall be elected by the qualified voters...

Section 16 - The General Assembly may provide by law for the waiver...

Section 17 - Commissions and grants shall run in the name of the...

Article VI: judiciary

Section 1 - Subject to the foregoing limitations, the General Assembly shall have...

Section 2 - The Supreme Court shall consist of seven justices. The General...

Section 3 - The Chief Justice shall be selected from among the justices...

Section 4 - The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court shall be the...

Section 5 - The Supreme Court shall have the authority to make rules...

Section 6 - When a judgment or decree is reversed, modified, or affirmed...

Section 7 - All justices of the Supreme Court and all judges of...

Section 8 - The General Assembly may provide for additional judicial personnel, such...

Section 9 - All justices of the Supreme Court and all judges of...

Section 10 - This section shall apply to justices of the Supreme Court,...

Section 11 - No justice or judge of a court of record shall,...

Section 12 - No judge shall be granted the power to make any...

Article VII: local government

Section 1 - The General Assembly may increase by general law the population...

Section 2 - Every law providing for the organization of a regional government...

Section 3 - The General Assembly may provide by general law or special...

Section 4 - The General Assembly may provide by general law or special...

Section 5 - Unless otherwise provided by law, the governing body of each...

Section 6 - Unless two or more units exercise functions jointly as authorized...

Section 7 - On final vote on any ordinance or resolution, the name...

Section 8 - No street railway, gas, water, steam or electric heating, electric...

Section 9 - No franchise, lease, or right of any kind to use...

Section 10 - Any county may, upon approval by the affirmative vote of...

Article VIII: education

Section 1 - The General Assembly shall provide for a system of free...

Section 2 - Standards of quality for the several school divisions shall be...

Section 3 - The General Assembly shall provide for the compulsory elementary and...

Section 4 - The general supervision of the public school system shall be...

Section 5 - (e) Subject to the ultimate authority of the General Assembly,...

Section 6 - A Superintendent of Public Instruction, who shall be an experienced...

Section 7 - The supervision of schools in each school division shall be...

Section 8 - The principal of the Fund shall include assets of the...

Section 9 - The General Assembly may provide for the establishment, maintenance, and...

Section 10 - No appropriation of public funds shall be made to any...

Section 11 - The General Assembly may provide for loans to, and grants...

Article IX: corporations

Section 1 - There shall be a permanent commission which shall be known...

Section 2 - The Commission shall in proceedings before it ensure that the...

Section 3 - Before promulgating any general order, rule, or regulation, the Commission...

Section 4 - The Commonwealth, any party in interest, or any party aggrieved...

Section 5 - No foreign corporation shall be authorized to carry on in...

Section 6 - The creation of corporations, and the extension and amendment of...

Section 7 - The term "corporation" or "company" as used in this article...

Article X: taxation and finance

Section 1 - The General Assembly may define and classify taxable subjects. Except...

Section 2 - All assessments of real estate and tangible personal property shall...

Section 3 - The General Assembly by general law may authorize any county,...

Section 4 - Real estate, coal and other mineral lands, and tangible personal...

Section 5 - The General Assembly, in imposing a franchise tax upon corporations,...

Section 6 - (k) The General Assembly may by general law authorize the...

Section 6-a - b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6, the General Assembly...

Section 6-b - Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6, the General Assembly by...

Section 7 - Other than as may be provided for in the debt...

Section 7-a - The General Assembly shall enact such laws as may be...

Section 8 - The General Assembly may appropriate an amount for transfer from...

Section 9 - (d) Obligations to which section not applicable. The restrictions of...

Section 10 - Neither the credit of the Commonwealth nor of any county,...

Article XI: conservation

Section 2 - In the furtherance of such policy, the General Assembly may...

Section 3 - The natural oyster beds, rocks, and shoals in the waters...

Section 4 - The people have a right to hunt, fish, and harvest...

Article XII: future changes

Section 1 - Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed...

Section 2 - The General Assembly shall provide by law for the election...

Section 1 - This revised Constitution shall, except as is otherwise provided herein,...

Section 2 - Unless otherwise provided herein or by law, nothing in this...

Section 3 - The common and statute law in force at the time...

Section 4 - The requirement of Article VI, Section 7, that justices of...

Section 5 - The General Assembly shall convene at the Capitol at noon...