North Carolina General Statutes
Article 1 - General Provisions.
§ 55-1-65 - Effect of ratification.

55-1-65. Effect of ratification.
Ratification in accordance with this Part shall have the following effects from and after the validation effective time, and without regard to the 120-day period during which a claim may be brought under G.S. 55-1-67:
(1) Each defective corporate action ratified in accordance with G.S. 55-1-62 is not void or voidable as a result of the failure of authorization identified in the action taken under subsection (a) or (b) of G.S. 55-1-62 and is a valid corporate action effective as of the date of the defective corporate action.
(2) The issuance of each putative share or fraction of a putative share purportedly issued pursuant to a defective corporate action identified in the action taken under G.S. 55-1-62 is not void or voidable, and the putative share or fraction of the putative share is an identical share or fraction of a valid share as of the time it was purportedly issued.
(3) Any corporate action taken subsequent to the defective corporate action ratified in accordance with this Part in reliance on the defective corporate action having been validly effected and any subsequent defective corporate action resulting directly or indirectly from the original defective corporate action shall be valid as of the time taken. (2018-45, s. 3.)

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