New York Laws
Title 2 - Right to External Appeal
4914 - Procedures for External Appeals of Adverse Determinations.

(b) (1) The insured shall have four months to initiate an external
appeal after the insured receives notice from the health care plan, or
such plan's utilization review agent if applicable, of a final adverse
determination or denial, or after both the plan and the insured have
jointly agreed to waive any internal appeal, or after the insured is
deemed to have exhausted or is not required to complete any internal
appeal pursuant to section 2719 of the Public Health Service Act, 42
U.S.C. § 300gg-19. Where applicable, the insured's health care provider
shall have sixty days to initiate an external appeal after the insured
or the insured's health care provider, as applicable, receives notice
from the health care plan, or such plan's utilization review agent if
applicable, of a final adverse determination or denial or after both the
plan and the insured have jointly agreed to waive any internal appeal.
Such request shall be in writing in accordance with the instructions and
in such form prescribed by subsection (e) of this section. The insured,
and the insured's health care provider where applicable, shall have the
opportunity to submit additional documentation with respect to such
appeal to the external appeal agent within the applicable time period
above; provided however that when such documentation represents a
material change from the documentation upon which the utilization review
agent based its adverse determination or upon which the health plan
based its denial, the health plan shall have three business days to
consider such documentation and amend or confirm such adverse
determination.
(2) The external appeal agent shall make a determination with regard
to the appeal within thirty days of the receipt of the request therefor,
submitted in accordance with the superintendent's instructions. The
external appeal agent shall have the opportunity to request additional
information from the insured, the insured's health care provider and the
insured's health care plan within such thirty-day period, in which case
the agent shall have up to five additional business days if necessary to
make such determination. The external appeal agent shall notify the
insured, the insured's health care provider where appropriate, and the
health care plan, in writing, of the appeal determination within two
business days of the rendering of such determination.
(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs one and two of this
subsection, if the insured's attending physician states that a delay in
providing the health care service would pose an imminent or serious
threat to the health of the insured, or if the insured is entitled to an
expedited external appeal pursuant to section 2719 of the Public Health
Service Act, 42 U.S.C. § 300gg-19, the external appeal shall be
completed within no more than seventy-two hours of the request therefor
and the external appeal agent shall make every reasonable attempt to
immediately notify the insured, the insured's health care provider where
appropriate, and the health plan of its determination by telephone or
facsimile, followed immediately by written notification of such
determination.
(4) (A) For external appeals requested pursuant to paragraph one of
subsection (b) of section four thousand nine hundred ten of this title,
the external appeal agent shall review the utilization review agent's
final adverse determination and, in accordance with the provisions of

this title, shall make a determination as to whether the health care
plan acted reasonably and with sound medical judgment and in the best
interest of the patient. When the external appeal agent makes its
determination, it shall consider the clinical standards of the plan, the
information provided concerning the patient, the attending physician's
recommendation, applicable and generally accepted practice guidelines
developed by the federal government, national or professional medical
societies, boards and associations. Provided that such determination
shall:
(i) be conducted only by one or a greater odd number of clinical peer
reviewers,
(ii) be accompanied by a notice of appeal determination which shall
include the reasons for the determination; provided, however, that where
the final adverse determination is upheld on appeal, the notice shall
include the clinical rationale, if any, for such determination,
(iii) be subject to the terms and conditions generally applicable to
benefits under the evidence of coverage under the health care plan,
(iv) be binding on the plan and the insured, and
(v) be admissible in any court proceeding.
(B) For external appeals requested pursuant to paragraph two of
subsection (b) of section four thousand nine hundred ten of this title,
the external appeal agent shall review the proposed health service or
procedure for which coverage has been denied and, in accordance with the
provisions of this title and the external agent's investigational
treatment review plan, make a determination as to whether the patient
costs of such health service or procedure shall be covered by the health
care plan; provided that such determination shall:
(i) be conducted by a panel of three or a greater odd number of
clinical peer reviewers,
(ii) be accompanied by a written statement:
(a) that the patient costs of the proposed health service or procedure
shall be covered by the health care plan either: when a majority of the
panel of reviewers determines, based upon review of the applicable
medical and scientific evidence and, in connection with rare diseases,
the physician's certification required by subsection (g-7) of section
four thousand nine hundred of this article and such other evidence as
the insured, the insured's designee or the insured's attending physician
may present (or upon confirmation that the recommended treatment is a
clinical trial), the insured's medical record, and any other pertinent
information, that the proposed health service or treatment (including a
pharmaceutical product within the meaning of subparagraph (B) of
paragraph two of subsection (e) of section four thousand nine hundred of
this article) is likely to be more beneficial than any standard
treatment or treatments for the insured's condition or disease or, for
rare diseases, that the requested health service or procedure is likely
to benefit the insured in the treatment of the insured's rare disease
and that such benefit to the insured outweighs the risks of such health
service or procedure (or, in the case of a clinical trial, is likely to
benefit the insured in the treatment of the insured's condition or
disease); or when a reviewing panel is evenly divided as to a
determination concerning coverage of the health service or procedure, or
(b) upholding the health plan's denial of coverage;
(iii) be subject to the terms and conditions generally applicable to
benefits under the evidence of coverage under the health care plan,
(iv) be binding on the plan and the insured, and
(v) be admissable in any court proceeding.
As used in this subparagraph (B) with respect to a clinical trial,
patient costs shall include all costs of health services required to

provide treatment to the insured according to the design of the trial.
Such costs shall not include the costs of any investigational drugs or
devices themselves, the cost of any nonhealth services that might be
required for the insured to receive the treatment, the costs of managing
the research, or costs which would not be covered under the policy for
noninvestigational treatments.
(C) For external appeals requested pursuant to paragraph three of
subsection b of section four thousand nine hundred ten of this title
relating to an out-of-network denial, the external appeal agent shall
review the utilization review agent's final adverse determination and,
in accordance with the provisions of this title, shall make a
determination as to whether the out-of-network health service shall be
covered by the health plan.
(i) The external appeal agent shall assign one clinical peer reviewer
to make a determination as to whether the out-of-network health service
is materially different from the alternate recommended in-network health
service.
(ii) If a determination is made that the out-of-network health service
is not materially different from the alternate recommended in-network
health service, the out-of-network health service shall not be covered
by the health plan.
(iii) If a determination is made that the out-of-network health
service is materially different from the alternate recommended
in-network health service, the external appeal agent shall assign a
panel with an additional two or a greater odd number of clinical peer
reviewers, which shall make a determination as to whether the
out-of-network health service shall be covered by the health plan;
provided that such determination shall:
(I) be accompanied by a written statement:
(1) that the out-of-network health service shall be covered by the
health care plan either: when a majority of the panel of reviewers
determines, upon review of the treatment requested by the insured, the
alternate recommended health service proposed by the plan, the clinical
standards of the plan, the information provided concerning the insured,
the attending physician's recommendation, the applicable medical and
scientific evidence, the insured's medical record, and any other
pertinent information that the out-of-network health service is likely
to be more clinically beneficial than the alternate recommended
in-network health service and the adverse risk of the requested health
service would likely not be substantially increased over the in-network
health service; or
(2) uphold the health plan's denial of coverage;
(II) be subject to the terms and conditions generally applicable to
benefits under the evidence of coverage under the health care plan;
(III) be binding on the plan and the insured; and
(IV) be admissible in any court proceeding.
(D) For external appeals requested pursuant to paragraph four of
subsection (b) of section four thousand nine hundred ten of this title
relating to an out-of-network referral denial, the external appeal agent
shall review the utilization review agent's final adverse determination
and, in accordance with the provisions of this title, shall make a
determination as to whether the out-of-network referral shall be covered
by the health plan; provided that such determination shall:
(i) be conducted only by one or a greater odd number of clinical peer
reviewers;
(ii) be accompanied by a written statement:
(I) that the out-of-network referral shall be covered by the health
care plan either when the reviewer or a majority of the panel of

reviewers determines, upon review of the training and experience of the
in-network health care provider or providers proposed by the plan, the
training and experience of the requested out-of-network provider, the
clinical standards of the plan, the information provided concerning the
insured, the attending physician's recommendation, the insured's medical
record, and any other pertinent information, that the health plan does
not have a provider with the appropriate training and experience to meet
the particular health care needs of an insured who is able to provide
the requested health service, and that the out-of-network provider has
the appropriate training and experience to meet the particular health
care needs of an insured, is able to provide the requested health
service, and is likely to produce a more clinically beneficial outcome;
or
(II) upholding the health plan's denial of coverage;
(iii) be subject to the terms and conditions generally applicable to
benefits under the evidence of coverage under the health care plan;
(iv) be binding on the plan and the insured; and
(v) be admissible in any court proceeding.
(c) No external appeal agent or clinical peer reviewer conducting an
external appeal shall be liable in damages to any person for any
opinions rendered by such external appeal agent or clinical peer
reviewer upon completion of an external appeal conducted pursuant to
this section, unless such opinion was rendered in bad faith or involved
gross negligence.
(d) (1) Except as provided in paragraphs two and three of this
subsection, payment for an external appeal shall be the responsibility
of the health care plan. The health care plan shall make payment to the
external appeal agent within forty-five days, from the date the appeal
determination is received by the health care plan, and the health care
plan shall be obligated to pay such amount together with interest
thereon calculated at a rate which is the greater of the rate set by the
commissioner of taxation and finance for corporate taxes pursuant to
paragraph one of subsection (e) of section one thousand ninety-six of
the tax law or twelve percent per annum, to be computed from the date
the bill was required to be paid, in the event that payment is not made
within such forty-five days.
(2) If an insured's health care provider requests an external appeal
of a concurrent adverse determination and the external appeal agent
upholds the health care plan's determination in whole, payment for the
external appeal shall be made by the health care provider in the manner
and subject to the timeframes and requirements set forth in paragraph
one of this subsection.
(3) If an insured's health care provider requests an external appeal
of a concurrent adverse determination and the external appeal agent
upholds the health care plan's determination in part, payment for the
external appeal shall be evenly divided between the health care plan and
the insured's health care provider who requested the external appeal and
shall be made by the health care plan and the insured's health care
provider in the manner and subject to the timeframes and requirements
set forth in paragraph one of this subsection; provided, however, that
the superintendent may, upon a determination that health care plans or
health care providers are experiencing a substantial hardship as a
result of payment for the external appeal when the external appeal agent
upholds the health care plan's determination in part, in consultation
with the commissioner of health, promulgate regulations to limit such
hardship.
(4) If an insured's health care provider was acting as the insured's
designee, payment for the external appeal shall be made by the health

care plan. The external appeal and any designation shall be submitted on
a standard form developed by the superintendent in consultation with the
commissioner of health pursuant to subsection (e) of this section. The
superintendent shall have the authority upon receipt of an external
appeal to confirm the designation or request other information as
necessary, in which case the superintendent shall make at least two
written requests to the insured to confirm the designation. The insured
shall have two weeks to respond to each such request. If the insured
fails to respond to the superintendent within the specified timeframe,
the superintendent shall make two written requests to the health care
provider to file an external appeal on his or her own behalf. The health
care provider shall have two weeks to respond to each such request. If
the health care provider does not respond to the superintendent's
requests within the specified timeframe, the superintendent shall reject
the appeal. If the health care provider responds to the superintendent's
requests, payment for the external appeal shall be made in accordance
with paragraphs two and three of this subsection.
(e) The superintendent, in consultation with the commissioner of
health, shall promulgate by regulation a standard description of the
external appeal process established under this section, which shall
provide a standard form and instructions for the initiation of an
external appeal by an insured.