New York Laws
Part 4 - Relationship Between Payor Bank and Its Customer
4-401 - When Bank May Charge Customer's Account.

(1) As against its customer, a bank may charge against his account any
item which is otherwise properly payable from that account even though
the charge creates an overdraft.
(2) A bank which in good faith makes payment to a holder may charge
the indicated account of its customer according to
(a) the original tenor of his altered item; or
(b) the tenor of his completed item, even though the bank knows
the item has been completed unless the bank has notice that
the completion was improper.