1-4-111. Purpose. (1) The purpose of 1-4-112, 82-1-501, and this section is to enact into law a presumptive understanding that fossils are not minerals and that fossils belong to the surface estate, unless conveyed by a clear and express grant.
(2) It is the intent of the legislature that 1-4-112, 82-1-501, and this section apply prospectively and retroactively to instruments governed by Montana law to the maximum extent possible under the constitutions of the United States and the state of Montana.
History: En. Sec. 1, Ch. 136, L. 2019.
Structure Montana Code Annotated
Title 1. General Laws and Definitions
Chapter 4. Interpretation of Instruments
1-4-101. Role of the judge -- preference to construction giving each provision meaning
1-4-102. Consideration of circumstances surrounding execution
1-4-103. Intention of the parties -- particular and general provisions
1-4-104. Preference to construction favoring natural right
1-4-105. Written words versus words in printed form
1-4-106. Interpretation of language according to usage in place of execution
1-4-107. Construction of terms
1-4-108. Construction of the terms of a notice