Code of Virginia
Chapter 1 - Definitions and General Provisions
§ 64.2-129. Fiduciary duty and authority

A. The legal duties imposed on a fiduciary charged with managing tangible property apply to the management of digital assets, including:
1. The duty of care;
2. The duty of loyalty; and
3. The duty of confidentiality.
B. A fiduciary's or designated recipient's authority with respect to a digital asset of a user:
1. Except as otherwise provided in § 64.2-118, is subject to the applicable terms-of-service agreement;
2. Is subject to other applicable law, including copyright law;
3. In the case of a fiduciary, is limited by the scope of the fiduciary's duties; and
4. May not be used to impersonate the user.
C. A fiduciary with authority over the property of a decedent, protected person, principal, or settlor has the right to access any digital asset in which the decedent, protected person, principal, or settlor had a right or interest and that is not held by a custodian or subject to a terms-of-service agreement.
D. A fiduciary acting within the scope of the fiduciary's duties is an authorized user of the property of the decedent, protected person, principal, or settlor for the purpose of applicable computer-fraud and unauthorized computer-access laws, including Article 7.1 (§ 18.2-152.1 et seq.) of Chapter 5 of Title 18.2.
E. A fiduciary with authority over the tangible personal property of a decedent, protected person, principal, or settlor:
1. Has the right to access the property and any digital asset stored in it; and
2. Is an authorized user for the purposes of computer-fraud and unauthorized computer-access laws, including Article 7.1 (§ 18.2-152.1 et seq.) of Chapter 5 of Title 18.2.
F. A custodian may disclose information in an account to a fiduciary of the user when the information is required to terminate an account used to access digital assets licensed to the user.
G. A fiduciary of a user may request a custodian to terminate the user's account. A request for termination shall be in writing, in either physical or electronic form, and accompanied by:
1. If the user is deceased, a certified copy of the death certificate of the user;
2. A certified copy of the letter of appointment of the representative or a small-estate affidavit or court order, court order, power of attorney, or trust giving the fiduciary authority over the account; and
3. If requested by the custodian:
a. A number, username, address, or other unique subscriber or account identifier assigned by the custodian to identify the user's account;
b. Evidence linking the account to the user; or
c. A finding by the court that the user had a specific account with the custodian, identifiable by the information specified in subdivision a.
2017, cc. 33, 80.