A. As a routine component of every pregnant woman's prenatal care, every practitioner licensed pursuant to this subtitle who renders prenatal care, including any holder of a multistate licensure privilege to practice nursing, regardless of the site of such practice, shall establish and implement a medical history protocol for screening pregnant women for substance abuse to determine the need for a specific substance abuse evaluation. The medical history protocol shall include, but need not be limited to, a description of the screening device and shall address abuse of both legal and illegal substances. The medical history screening may be followed, as necessary and appropriate, with a thorough substance abuse evaluation.
B. The results of such medical history screening and of any specific substance abuse evaluation which may be conducted shall be confidential and, if the woman is enrolled in a treatment program operated by any facility receiving federal funds, shall only be released as provided in federal law and regulations. However, if the woman is not enrolled in a treatment program or is not enrolled in a program operated by a facility receiving federal funds, the results may only be released to the following persons:
1. The subject of the medical history screening or her legally authorized representative.
2. Any person designated in a written release signed by the subject of the medical history screening or her legally authorized representative.
3. Health care providers for the purposes of consultation or providing care and treatment to the person who was the subject of the medical history screening.
C. The results of the medical history screening required by this section or any specific substance abuse evaluation which may be conducted as part of the prenatal care shall not be admissible in any criminal proceeding.
D. Practitioners shall advise their patients of the results of the medical history screening and specific substance abuse evaluation, and shall provide such information to third-party payers as may be required for reimbursement of the costs of medical care. However, such information shall not be admissible in any criminal proceedings. Practitioners shall advise all pregnant women whose medical history screenings and specific substance abuse evaluations are positive for substance abuse of appropriate treatment and shall inform such women of the potential for poor birth outcomes from substance abuse.
1992, c. 428; 2004, c. 49.
Structure Code of Virginia
Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations
Chapter 24 - General Provisions
§ 54.1-2400. General powers and duties of health regulatory boards
§ 54.1-2400.01. Certain definition
§ 54.1-2400.01:1. Surgery defined; who may perform surgery
§ 54.1-2400.01:2. Ophthalmic prescription defined; who may provide ophthalmic prescriptions
§ 54.1-2400.1. Mental health service providers; duty to protect third parties; immunity
§ 54.1-2400.3. Disciplinary actions to be reported
§ 54.1-2400.4. Mental health service providers duty to inform; immunity; civil penalty
§ 54.1-2400.8. Immunity for reporting
§ 54.1-2400.9. Reporting disabilities of drivers
§ 54.1-2402. Citizen members on health regulatory boards
§ 54.1-2402.1. Appointments, removals, and limitation of terms of members of regulatory boards
§ 54.1-2403. Certain advertising prohibited
§ 54.1-2403.01. Routine component of prenatal care
§ 54.1-2403.02. Prenatal education; cord blood banking
§ 54.1-2403.1. Protocol for certain medical history screening required
§ 54.1-2403.3. Medical records; ownership; provision of copies
§ 54.1-2404. Itemized statements required upon request
§ 54.1-2404.1. Patient records
§ 54.1-2406. Treatment records of practitioners
§ 54.1-2407. Requirements for human research
§ 54.1-2408. Disqualification for license, certificate or registration
§ 54.1-2408.2. Minimum period for reinstatement after revocation
§ 54.1-2408.3. Practice pending appeal
§ 54.1-2408.4. Temporary authorization to practice
§ 54.1-2409. Mandatory suspension or revocation; reinstatement; hearing for reinstatement
§ 54.1-2409.2. Board to set criteria for determining need for professional regulation
§ 54.1-2409.3. Participation of advisory boards in disciplinary proceedings
§ 54.1-2409.4. Authority to receive laboratory results directly