The following words and phrases as used in this article, unless a different meaning is plainly required by the context, shall have the following meanings:
"Acquirer" means a business organization, financial institution or an agent of a business organization or financial institution that authorizes a merchant to accept payment by credit card or credit card number for money, goods, services or anything else of value.
"Cardholder" means the person or organization named on the face of a credit card to whom or for whose benefit the credit card is issued by an issuer.
"Credit card" means any instrument or device, whether known as a credit card, credit plate, payment device number, or by any other name, issued with or without fee by an issuer for the use of the cardholder in obtaining money, goods, services or anything else of value on credit. For the purpose of this article, "credit card" shall also include a similar device, whether known as a debit card, or any other name, issued with or without fee by an issuer for the use of the cardholder in obtaining money, goods, services or anything else of value by charging the account of the cardholder with a bank or any other person even though no credit is thereby extended.
"Expired credit card" means a credit card which is no longer valid because the term shown on it has elapsed.
"Issuer" means the business organization or financial institution or its duly authorized agent which issues a credit card.
"Payment device number" means any code, account number or other means of account access, other than a check, draft or similar paper instrument, that can be used to obtain money, goods, services or anything else of value, or to initiate a transfer of funds. "Payment device number" does not include an encoded or truncated credit card number or payment device number.
"Receives" or "receiving" means acquiring possession or control of the credit card number or payment device number or accepting the same as security for a loan.
"Revoked credit card" means a credit card which is no longer valid because permission to use it has been suspended or terminated by the issuer.
"Sales draft" means a paper or electronic form evidencing a purchase of goods, services or anything else of value from a merchant through the use of a credit card.
"Cash advance/withdrawal draft" means a paper form evidencing a cash advance or withdrawal from a bank or other financial institution through the use of a credit card.
Code 1950, § 18.1-125.2; 1968, c. 480; 1975, cc. 14, 15; 1977, c. 103; 1980, c. 99; 1985, c. 266; 1991, c. 546; 2017, c. 41.
Structure Code of Virginia
Title 18.2 - Crimes and Offenses Generally
Chapter 6 - Crimes Involving Fraud
§ 18.2-168. Forging public records, etc.
§ 18.2-169. Forging, or keeping an instrument for forging, a seal
§ 18.2-170. Forging coin or bank notes
§ 18.2-171. Making or having anything designed for forging any writing, etc.
§ 18.2-172. Forging, uttering, etc., other writings
§ 18.2-172.1. Falsifying or altering and fraudulently using transcripts or diplomas; penalty
§ 18.2-172.2. Maliciously affixing another's signature to writing; penalty
§ 18.2-173. Having in possession forged coin or bank notes
§ 18.2-174. Impersonating law-enforcement officer; penalty
§ 18.2-174.1. Impersonating certain public safety personnel; penalty
§ 18.2-177. Illegal use of insignia
§ 18.2-177.1. False representation of military status; penalty
§ 18.2-178. Obtaining money or signature, etc., by false pretense
§ 18.2-178.1. Financial exploitation of vulnerable adults; penalty
§ 18.2-178.2. Financial exploitation by an agent; penalty
§ 18.2-179. Unlawful operation of coin box telephone, parking meter, vending machine, etc.
§ 18.2-180. Manufacture, etc., of slugs, etc., for such unlawful use
§ 18.2-181. Issuing bad checks, etc., larceny
§ 18.2-181.1. Issuance of bad checks
§ 18.2-182.1. Issuing bad checks in payment of taxes
§ 18.2-184. Presumption as to notation attached to check, draft or order
§ 18.2-185. Evidence and presumptions in malicious prosecution actions after issuance of bad check
§ 18.2-186. False statements to obtain property or credit
§ 18.2-186.3. Identity theft; penalty; restitution; victim assistance
§ 18.2-186.3:1. Identity fraud; consumer reporting agencies; police reports
§ 18.2-186.4. Use of a person's identity with the intent to coerce, intimidate, or harass; penalty
§ 18.2-186.4:1. Internet publication of personal information of certain public officials
§ 18.2-186.6. Breach of personal information notification
§ 18.2-187.2. Audiovisual recording of motion pictures unlawful; penalty
§ 18.2-188. Defrauding hotels, motels, campgrounds, boardinghouses, etc.
§ 18.2-188.1. Defrauding person having a lien on an animal; penalty
§ 18.2-189. Defrauding keeper of motor vehicles or watercraft
§ 18.2-190. Fraudulent misrepresentation as to breed of bull or cattle
§ 18.2-190.3. Sale of an unlawful electronic communication device; penalty
§ 18.2-190.4. Manufacture of an unlawful electronic communication device; penalty
§ 18.2-190.5. Separate offenses; penalty
§ 18.2-190.8. Civil relief; damages
§ 18.2-193. Credit card forgery
§ 18.2-194. Unauthorized possession of two or more signed credit cards or credit card numbers
§ 18.2-195. Credit card fraud; conspiracy; penalties
§ 18.2-195.1. Credit card factoring
§ 18.2-195.2. Fraudulent application for credit card; penalties
§ 18.2-196. Criminal possession of credit card forgery devices
§ 18.2-196.1. Unlawful use of payment card scanning devices and re-encoders; penalty
§ 18.2-197. Criminally receiving goods and services fraudulently obtained
§ 18.2-198. Obtaining airline, railroad, steamship, etc., ticket at discount price
§ 18.2-199. Penalties for violation of article
§ 18.2-200. Failure to perform promise to deliver crop, etc., in return for advances
§ 18.2-200.1. Failure to perform promise for construction, etc., in return for advances
§ 18.2-201. Advances secured by fraudulent promise to perform agricultural labor
§ 18.2-204. False statement for the purpose of defrauding industrial sick benefit company
§ 18.2-204.1. Fraudulent use of birth certificates, etc.; penalty
§ 18.2-206. Procuring an animal, aircraft, vehicle or boat with intent to defraud
§ 18.2-207. Making false entry, etc., in marriage register, etc.
§ 18.2-208. Making false statement, etc., for marriage record, etc.
§ 18.2-209. False publications
§ 18.2-209.1. Penalties for false certificate or failure to give bond
§ 18.2-213. Simulation of warrants, processes, writs and notices
§ 18.2-213.2. Filing false lien or encumbrance against another
§ 18.2-214. Changing or removing, etc., trademarks, identification marks, etc.
§ 18.2-216. Untrue, deceptive or misleading advertising, inducements, writings or documents
§ 18.2-216.1. Unauthorized use of name or picture of any person; punishment
§ 18.2-218. Failure to indicate goods, etc., are "seconds," "irregulars," "secondhand," etc.
§ 18.2-220. Use of word "wholesale" or "wholesaler."
§ 18.2-221. Advertising new or used automobiles or trucks
§ 18.2-222. Misrepresentation as to source of merchandise; penalty
§ 18.2-223. "Going out of business" sales; permit required
§ 18.2-225. Misrepresentations as to agricultural products
§ 18.2-227. Same; sale from pump indicating other brand
§ 18.2-228. Same; imitating indicia of other brands
§ 18.2-229. Same; false trade name or mixing brands
§ 18.2-230. Same; assisting in violation of §§ 18.2-226 through 18.2-229
§ 18.2-231. Same; label required
§ 18.2-232. Same; punishment for violation of §§ 18.2-226 through 18.2-231
§ 18.2-233. Sale of goods marked "sterling" and "sterling silver."
§ 18.2-234. Sale of goods marked "coin" and "coin silver."
§ 18.2-235. Regulating sale of merchandise made of gold
§ 18.2-237. Buying, etc., certain secondhand materials; intent; possession
§ 18.2-238. Buying, etc., pig iron, etc., with intent to defraud; possession; evidence of intent
§ 18.2-239. Pyramid promotional schemes; misdemeanor; definitions; contracts void
§ 18.2-241. Acceptance of promissory notes in payment for food sold at retail
§ 18.2-242. Use of games, lotteries, etc., for promoting sale of certain products
§ 18.2-243. When issuer or distributor of advertisements not guilty of violation; inadvertent error
§ 18.2-244. Right to select clientele or customers not affected
§ 18.2-245. Enjoining violation of this article
§ 18.2-246. Penalty in general for violations
§ 18.2-246.3. Money laundering; penalties
§ 18.2-246.7. Requirements for delivery sales
§ 18.2-246.8. Age verification requirements
§ 18.2-246.9. Disclosure requirements
§ 18.2-246.10. Shipping requirements
§ 18.2-246.11. Registration and reporting requirements
§ 18.2-246.12. Collection of taxes
§ 18.2-246.13. Civil penalties; penalties
§ 18.2-246.14. Counterfeit cigarettes; penalty; civil penalty