California Code
Evidence Code - EVID
DIVISION 11 - WRITINGS

CHAPTER 1 - Authentication and Proof of Writings

ARTICLE 1 - Requirement of Authentication

Section 1400. - 1400. Authentication of a writing means (a) the introduction of...

Section 1401. - 1401. (a) Authentication of a writing is required before it...

Section 1402. - 1402. The party producing a writing as genuine which has...

ARTICLE 2 - Means of Authenticating and Proving Writings

Section 1410. - 1410. Nothing in this article shall be construed to limit...

Section 1410.5. - 1410.5. (a) For purposes of this chapter, a writing shall...

Section 1411. - 1411. Except as provided by statute, the testimony of a...

Section 1412. - 1412. If the testimony of a subscribing witness is required...

Section 1413. - 1413. A writing may be authenticated by anyone who saw...

Section 1414. - 1414. A writing may be authenticated by evidence that: (a)...

Section 1415. - 1415. A writing may be authenticated by evidence of the...

Section 1416. - 1416. A witness who is not otherwise qualified to testify...

Section 1417. - 1417. The genuineness of handwriting, or the lack thereof, may...

Section 1418. - 1418. The genuineness of writing, or the lack thereof, may...

Section 1419. - 1419. Where a writing whose genuineness is sought to be...

Section 1420. - 1420. A writing may be authenticated by evidence that the...

Section 1421. - 1421. A writing may be authenticated by evidence that the...

ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting Acknowledged Writings and Official Writings

Section 1450. - 1450. The presumptions established by this article are presumptions affecting...

Section 1451. - 1451. A certificate of the acknowledgment of a writing other...

Section 1452. - 1452. A seal is presumed to be genuine and its...

Section 1453. - 1453. A signature is presumed to be genuine and authorized...

Section 1454. - 1454. A signature is presumed to be genuine and authorized...

CHAPTER 2 - Secondary Evidence of Writings

ARTICLE 1 - Proof of the Content of a Writing

Section 1520. - 1520. The content of a writing may be proved by...

Section 1521. - 1521. (a) The content of a writing may be proved...

Section 1522. - 1522. (a) In addition to the grounds for exclusion authorized...

Section 1523. - 1523. (a) Except as otherwise provided by statute, oral testimony...

ARTICLE 2 - Official Writings and Recorded Writings

Section 1530. - 1530. (a) A purported copy of a writing in the...

Section 1531. - 1531. For the purpose of evidence, whenever a copy of...

Section 1532. - 1532. (a) The official record of a writing is prima...

ARTICLE 3 - Photographic Copies and Printed Representations of Writings

Section 1550. - 1550. A nonerasable optical image reproduction provided that additions, deletions,...

Section 1550. - 1550. (a) If made and preserved as a part of...

Section 1550.1. - 1550.1. Reproductions of files, records, writings, photographs, fingerprints or other...

Section 1551. - 1551. A print, whether enlarged or not, from a photographic...

Section 1552. - 1552. (a) A printed representation of computer information or a...

Section 1553. - 1553. (a) A printed representation of images stored on a...

ARTICLE 4 - Production of Business Records

Section 1560. - 1560. (a) As used in this article: (1) “Business” includes...

Section 1561. - 1561. (a) The records shall be accompanied by the affidavit...

Section 1562. - 1562. If the original records would be admissible in evidence...

Section 1563. - 1563. (a) This article does not require tender or payment...

Section 1564. - 1564. The personal attendance of the custodian or other qualified...

Section 1565. - 1565. If more than one subpoena duces tecum is served...

Section 1566. - 1566. This article applies in any proceeding in which testimony...

Section 1567. - 1567. A completed form described in Section 3664 of the...

CHAPTER 3 - Official Writings Affecting Property

Section 1600. - 1600. (a) The record of an instrument or other document...

Section 1601. - 1601. (a) Subject to subdivisions (b) and (c), when in...

Section 1603. - 1603. A deed of conveyance of real property, purporting to...

Section 1604. - 1604. A certificate of purchase, or of location, of any...

Section 1605. - 1605. Duplicate copies and authenticated translations of original Spanish title...