As used in this section: 
(1) “DD 214” means a United States Department of Defense Report of Separation form or its predecessor or successor forms; 
(2) 
(A) “Local government employer” means a municipality, a county, or township of the state that has issued a resolution to implement a veterans' preference employment policy under § 11-15-103. 
(B) “Local government employer” does not include the state or a public institution of higher education; 
(3) 
(A) “Private employer” means a sole proprietor, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, or other entity with one (1) or more employees. 
(B) “Private employer” does not include the state or a public institution of higher education; 
(4) “Spouse of a disabled veteran” means: 
(A) The spouse of a veteran who has been classified by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs' Veterans Benefits Administration as having a permanent total disability rating; and 
(B) A United States citizen; 
(5) “Surviving spouse” means a spouse of a deceased veteran who is: 
(A) Unmarried at the time he or she seeks a veterans' preference under § 11-15-103; and 
(B) A United States citizen; 
(6) “Veteran” means a person who: 
(A) Served on active duty for a period of more than one hundred eighty (180) days and was discharged or released from active duty with other than a dishonorable discharge; 
(B) Was discharged or released from active duty because of a service-connected disability; or 
(C) As a member of a reserve component under an order to active duty, not to include training, was discharged or released from duty with other than a dishonorable discharge; and 
(7) “Veterans' preference employment policy” means a private employer or local government employer's voluntary preference for hiring, promoting, or retaining a veteran, spouse of a disabled veteran, or surviving spouse of a veteran over another equally qualified applicant or employee.