Arizona Revised Statutes
Title 5 - Amusements and Sports
§ 5-1201 - Definitions

5-1201. Definitions
In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. " Applicant" means any person that has applied for a license as a fantasy sports contest operator or that has been approved for any act related to fantasy sports contests.
2. " Application" means a request to issue a license as a fantasy sports contest operator or to approve any act related to fantasy sports contests.
3. " Athletic event" :
(a) Means a real-world professional, collegiate or nationally recognized sports game, contest or competition that involves the physical exertion and skill of the participating individual athletes who are each physically present at the location in which the sports game, contest or competition occurs, and the outcome of the sports game, contest or competition is directly dependent on the performance of the participating athletes.
(b) Includes events involving motor vehicles.
4. " Department" means the department of gaming.
5. " Entry fee" means cash or cash equivalent that is paid by a participant to a fantasy sports contest operator to participate in a fantasy sports contest.
6. " Fantasy sports contest" means a simulated game or contest that is offered to the public with an entry fee and that meets all of the following conditions:
(a) No fantasy sports contest team is composed of the entire roster of a real-world sports team.
(b) No fantasy sports contest team is composed entirely of individual athletes who are members of the same real-world sports team.
(c) Each prize or award or the value of all prizes or awards offered to winning fantasy sports contest players is made known to the fantasy sports contest players in advance of the fantasy sports contest.
(d) Each winning outcome reflects the relative knowledge and skill of the fantasy sports contest players and is determined by the aggregated statistical results of the performance of multiple individual athletes or participants selected by the fantasy sports contest player to form the fantasy sports contest team, whose individual performances in the fantasy sports contest directly correspond with the actual performance of those athletes or participants in the athletic events in which those individual athletes or participants participated.
(e) A winning outcome is not based on randomized or historical events or on the score, point spread or performance in an athletic event of a single real-world sports team, a single athlete or any combination of real-world sports teams.
(f) The fantasy sports contest does not constitute or involve and is not based on any of the following:
(i) Racing that involves animals.
(ii) A game or contest ordinarily offered by a horse track or casino for money, credit or any representative of value, including any races, games or contests that involve horses or that are played with cards or dice.
(iii) A slot machine or other mechanical, electromechanical or electronic device, equipment or machine.
(iv) Poker, blackjack, faro, monte, keno, bingo, fan-tan, twenty-one, seven and a half, klondike, craps, chuck-a-luck, Chinese chuck-a-luck, wheel of fortune, chemin de fer, baccarat, pai gow, beat the banker, panguingue, roulette or other banking or percentage games.
(v) Any other game or device that is authorized or that is not authorized by this state.
(vi) A high school or youth sporting event or any event that is not an athletic event.
(vii) A contest that involves or results in betting on a race, a game, a contest or a sport that constitutes event wagering as defined in section 5-1301.
7. " Fantasy sports contest adjusted revenues" means the amount equal to the total of all entry fees that a fantasy sports contest operator collects from all fantasy sports contest players minus the total of all sums paid out as prizes or awards to all fantasy sports contest players, multiplied by the in-state percentage.
8. " Fantasy sports contest operator" or " operator" means a person that is engaged in the business of professionally conducting paid fantasy sports contests for cash or other prizes or awards for members of the general public that requires cash or cash equivalent as an entry fee to be paid by a member of the general public who participates in a paid fantasy sports contest.
9. " Fantasy sports contest platform" means the hardware, software, firmware, communications technology or other equipment, including operator procedures implemented to allow player participation in digital or online fantasy sports contests, and if supported, the corresponding equipment related to the display of the outcomes, and other similar information necessary to facilitate player participation in which a player is provided with the means to establish a player account and the fantasy sports contest operator is provided with the means to review player accounts, suspend fantasy sports contests, generate various financial transaction and account reports, input outcomes for fantasy sports contests and set any configurable parameters.
10. " Fantasy sports contest player" or " player" means an individual who participates in a fantasy sports contest offered by a fantasy sports contest operator.
11. " Fantasy sports contest team" means the simulated team composed of multiple individual athletes, each of whom is a member of a real-world sports team that a fantasy sports contest player selects to compete in a fantasy sports contest.
12. " Highly experienced player" means a fantasy sports contest player who has done at least one of the following:
(a) Entered more than one thousand fantasy sports contests offered by a single fantasy sports contest operator.
(b) Won more than three prizes or awards valued at $1, 000 each or more from a single fantasy sports contest operator.
13. " Holding company" means a corporation, firm, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, trust or other form of business organization that is not an individual and that directly or indirectly does either of the following:
(a) Holds an ownership interest of ten percent or more, as determined by the holding company's board, in a fantasy sports contest operator.
(b) Holds voting rights with the power to vote ten percent or more of the outstanding voting rights of a fantasy sports contest operator.
14. " In-state percentage" means for each fantasy sports contest, the percentage, rounded to the nearest tenth of a percent, equal to the total entry fees collected from all in-state participants divided by the total entry fees collected from all participants in the fantasy sports contest, unless otherwise prescribed by the department.
15. " Key employee" means an employee of a fantasy sports contest operator who has the power to exercise significant influence over decisions concerning the fantasy sports contest operator.
16. " License" means an approval that is issued by the department to any person or entity to be involved in a fantasy sports operation.
17. " Management company" means a person retained by a fantasy sports contest operator to manage a fantasy sports contest platform and provide general administration and other operational services.
18. " Person" means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, limited liability company, federally recognized Indian tribe or other legal entity.
19. " Player account" means an account that is established by a patron for the purpose of participating in fantasy sports contests, including deposits, withdrawals, entry fees and payouts.
20. " Prize or award" means anything of value or any amount of cash or cash equivalents.
21. " Protected information" means information related to playing fantasy sports contests by a fantasy sports contest player that is not readily available to the general public and that is obtained as a result of a person's employment in relation to a fantasy sports contest.
22. " Script" means a list of commands that a fantasy contest-related computer program can execute and that is created by a fantasy sports contest player or by a third party for a fantasy sports contest player to automate processes on a fantasy sports contest platform.

Structure Arizona Revised Statutes

Arizona Revised Statutes

Title 5 - Amusements and Sports

§ 5-101 - Definitions

§ 5-101.01 - Division of racing; director; qualifications; term; deputy director; conflict of interest

§ 5-102 - Arizona racing commission; members; appointment; terms

§ 5-103 - Commissioners; qualifications; oath; interest in racing prohibited; exception; annual report

§ 5-103.01 - Prohibited activities

§ 5-104 - Arizona racing commission; director; division; powers and duties

§ 5-104.01 - Audits and special investigations; exemption

§ 5-105 - Appointment of personnel; tests; reports; detention of animals; testing facilities

§ 5-106 - Supervisor of mutuels; pari-mutuel auditors; other employees; stewards

§ 5-107 - Nature of racing meeting permits; application for permit; cash deposit; return; bond; conditions and priorities for satisfaction of bond

§ 5-107.01 - Necessity for permits for racing meetings; licenses for officials and other persons; unauthorized racing meetings; violation; classification

§ 5-107.02 - Qualification for eligibility of racing meeting operator

§ 5-107.03 - Separate financial records of permittee and concessionaire; violations

§ 5-108 - Issuance of permit or license; grounds for refusal to issue; nontransferable; renewal

§ 5-108.01 - Hearing on application for or renewal of original permit; notice of hearing; decisions of commission and director; appeal; transfer of permit

§ 5-108.02 - Revocation of permits; penalties

§ 5-108.03 - Restrictions on ownership of licenses, permits and tracks; exemptions; sale for fair market value

§ 5-108.04 - Restrictions on loans; exemptions

§ 5-108.05 - Revocation and suspension of licenses; probation; civil penalties; exception

§ 5-109 - Identification of animals; exemptions

§ 5-109.01 - Requirements of permittee regarding Arizona bred horses; powers of commission

§ 5-110 - Racing days, times and allocations; emergency transfer; county fairs; charity days

§ 5-111 - Wagering percentage to permittee and state; exemptions

§ 5-111.01 - Breakage; definition; tax; disposition

§ 5-111.02 - Capital improvements at horse tracks; reduction in percentage to state; approval by commission; definition

§ 5-111.04 - Repayment of nonapproved expenditures of capital monies; judicial review

§ 5-112 - Wagering legalized; simulcasting of races; unauthorized wagering prohibited; classification; report; anticompetitive or deceptive practices prohibited

§ 5-112.01 - Defense to a charge of false arrest

§ 5-113 - Disposition of revenues and monies; funds; committee

§ 5-113.01 - Racing regulation fund; exemption

§ 5-114 - Races exclusively for Arizona bred horses; breeders' awards; certification; fee

§ 5-115 - Violation; classification; civil penalties

§ 5-116 - Prohibition of automatic teller machine or point-of-sale terminal that accepts electronic benefit transfer cards on premises; penalties; violation; classification

§ 5-117 - Ejection or exclusion from racing meeting or racetrack enclosure; due process; rules

§ 5-118 - Authorization to own or lease new additional wagering facilities; written consent

§ 5-131 - Compact; authority to join

§ 5-221 - Definitions

§ 5-222 - Application of this chapter

§ 5-223 - Arizona state boxing and mixed martial arts commission; appointment; terms; compensation; conflict of interest; emergency ringside meetings

§ 5-224 - Division of boxing and mixed martial arts regulation; powers and duties

§ 5-225 - Regulation of boxing contests, tough man contests and mixed martial arts

§ 5-226 - Levy of tax on gross receipts; disposition; verification and financial audit; definition

§ 5-227 - Jurisdiction of commission

§ 5-228 - Persons required to procure licenses; requirements; background information; fee; bond

§ 5-229 - Promoters; licenses; bond; proof of financial responsibility

§ 5-230 - License fees; expiration; renewal

§ 5-231 - Financial interest in boxer prohibited

§ 5-232 - Age of participants

§ 5-233 - Contestants and referees; physical examination; attendance of physician; payment of fees; insurance

§ 5-234 - Attendance by peace officers; duty of chief of police or sheriff

§ 5-235.01 - Disciplinary action; grounds; civil penalty; emergency suspension; injunction

§ 5-236 - Violation; classification

§ 5-237 - Selection of referees

§ 5-238 - Sham boxing; withholding a purse

§ 5-239 - Judicial review

§ 5-240 - Reciprocity

§ 5-301 - Definitions

§ 5-302 - Application of chapter

§ 5-311 - Powers and duties of the commission

§ 5-321 - Numbering; registration fees; exemption from taxation; penalty; procedures

§ 5-321.01 - Staggered watercraft registration; rules

§ 5-322 - Motorized watercraft to be numbered; exceptions

§ 5-323 - Disposition of fees

§ 5-324 - Public records; identification of requester; supplying information by mail; records custodians; certification of records

§ 5-325 - Investment of temporary monies; earned interest

§ 5-326 - Nonresidents; registration; payment of fees; exemption

§ 5-327 - Nonresident boating safety infrastructure fees

§ 5-331 - Personal flotation devices; requirements; exception

§ 5-332 - Fire extinguishers

§ 5-333 - Classification of watercraft; lights

§ 5-334 - Flame arrestor

§ 5-335 - Ventilation

§ 5-336 - Muffling devices

§ 5-341 - Negligent operation of watercraft or water skis; restriction in operation of watercraft; violation; classification

§ 5-343 - Speed restrictions; excessive wake

§ 5-344 - Overloading

§ 5-345 - Navigation rules

§ 5-346 - Water skiing

§ 5-347 - Interference with navigation or launching areas

§ 5-348 - Dumping refuse, rubbish or debris on waterways

§ 5-349 - Watercraft casualties; violation; classification

§ 5-350 - Personal watercraft; requirements for operation; definition

§ 5-361 - Uniform navigational marking of waters; intergovernmental agreements

§ 5-362 - Diver flag

§ 5-371 - Boat liveries; requirements

§ 5-382 - State lake improvement fund; administration; report

§ 5-383 - Law enforcement and boating safety fund; boating law enforcement, personnel, equipment and training funding to counties

§ 5-391 - Enforcement; violation; classification

§ 5-392 - Seizure and forfeiture of watercraft

§ 5-393 - Inspection for stolen watercraft; violation; classification

§ 5-395 - Operating or in actual physical control of a motorized watercraft while under the influence; violation; classification; definition

§ 5-395.01 - Operating or in actual physical control of a motorized watercraft while under the influence; classification; penalties

§ 5-395.02 - Admissibility of breath test or other records

§ 5-395.03 - Test for alcohol concentration or drug content; refusal; civil penalty

§ 5-395.04 - Preliminary breath tests; authority

§ 5-396 - Aggravated operating or actual physical control of motorized watercraft while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs; classification

§ 5-396.01 - Aggravated operating or actual physical control of a motorized watercraft while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs; forfeiture of motorized watercraft; disposition

§ 5-397 - Operating or in actual physical control of a motorized watercraft while under the extreme influence of intoxicating liquor; trial by jury; sentencing; classification; definition

§ 5-398 - Reimbursement of incarceration costs

§ 5-398.01 - Waiver of fine, surcharge or assessment

§ 5-398.02 - Records of convictions and judgments; abstract of record; reports

§ 5-399 - Towing companies

§ 5-399.01 - Abandoned watercraft; notice of intent to transfer ownership

§ 5-399.02 - Unclaimed watercraft; transfer of ownership; violation; classification

§ 5-399.03 - Abandoned watercraft processing rules; fees

§ 5-401 - Definitions

§ 5-402 - Licensing authority; powers; duties

§ 5-403 - Qualification for license; renewal; transfer

§ 5-403.01 - License location transfers

§ 5-404 - Application for license

§ 5-405 - Form of license; display

§ 5-406 - Persons allowed to conduct games; premises; equipment; expenses; compensation

§ 5-407 - Statement of receipts; expenses; penalty

§ 5-408 - Examination of books and records

§ 5-409 - Forfeiture of license; ineligibility to apply for license; classification

§ 5-410 - Violation; classification

§ 5-411 - Credentials and authority of employees of the licensing authority

§ 5-412 - Preemption by state of bingo taxation

§ 5-413 - License classification; requirements

§ 5-414 - Fees; tax

§ 5-415 - Excessive gross receipts; change of license class

§ 5-531 - Definitions

§ 5-532 - Authorization of state lottery revenue bonds

§ 5-533 - Issuance and sale of bonds; state lottery revenue bond proceeds fund; use of bond proceeds

§ 5-534 - State lottery revenue bond debt service fund

§ 5-535 - Securing principal and interest; refunding bonds

§ 5-536 - Lien of pledge

§ 5-537 - Bond purchase; cancellation

§ 5-538 - Payment of bonds

§ 5-539 - Investment of monies; funds

§ 5-540 - Characteristics of bonds; negotiable; exemption from taxation; obligation; legal investments

§ 5-541 - Effect of changing circumstances of bonds; agreement of state

§ 5-542 - Validity of bonds

§ 5-543 - State officials to comply with agreements

§ 5-551 - Definitions

§ 5-552 - Arizona state lottery commission; membership; appointment; term; chairman; removal; reimbursement of expenses

§ 5-553 - Executive director; appointment

§ 5-554 - Commission; director; powers and duties; definitions

§ 5-555 - Apportionment of revenue

§ 5-556 - Powers and duties of director

§ 5-557 - Monthly reports; annual reports

§ 5-558 - Studies and investigations

§ 5-559 - Contracts; limitation; restrictions

§ 5-560 - Security operations; powers; peace officer status

§ 5-561 - Department of public safety; investigation; authority; payment

§ 5-562 - Licenses to sell tickets or shares; fee; conditions; definitions

§ 5-562.01 - Prosecution; payment of costs

§ 5-563 - Right to prize not assignable; exceptions

§ 5-564 - Sale at unauthorized price or by unauthorized persons; violation; classification

§ 5-565 - Sale of tickets or shares to underage persons; violation; classification

§ 5-565.01 - Sale to persons using state issued electronic benefits transfer cards; violation; classification

§ 5-565.02 - Purchase of lottery tickets or shares by minors

§ 5-566 - Alteration of lottery tickets; violation; classification

§ 5-567 - Purchase of tickets and receipt of prizes by certain persons prohibited

§ 5-568 - Disposition of unclaimed prize money

§ 5-569 - Lottery redemption agents

§ 5-570 - Award of prize to certain persons prohibited

§ 5-571 - State lottery fund

§ 5-572 - Use of monies in state lottery fund; report

§ 5-573 - State lottery prize fund; setoff for state debts; notification to department of economic security; prizewinner confidentiality

§ 5-574 - Audit of accounts

§ 5-575 - Prizes; setoff for debts to state agencies; definitions

§ 5-576 - Lottery; advertising; professional sports; prohibition

§ 5-601 - Gambling on Indian reservations; tribal-state compacts; tribal-state compact fund

§ 5-601.02 - New standard form of tribal-state gaming compact; effects

§ 5-602 - Gaming certification and enforcement; powers; duties; deputy director

§ 5-602.01 - Rules; civil penalties

§ 5-603 - Department of gaming investigators; peace officer status

§ 5-604 - Department of gaming; director; qualifications; term; conflict of interest; grounds for dismissal

§ 5-605 - Tribal-state compacts; 2021 compact trust fund; annual report; definition

§ 5-701 - Definitions

§ 5-702 - Posting passenger information signs

§ 5-703 - Posting ski information signs

§ 5-704 - Additional duties of ski area operators

§ 5-705 - Duties of skiers in any action against the ski area operator

§ 5-706 - Release of liability

§ 5-707 - Competition

§ 5-801 - Definitions

§ 5-802 - Formation of authority

§ 5-803 - Board of directors

§ 5-804 - Administrative powers and duties

§ 5-805 - Executive director; duties

§ 5-806 - Gift ban; principals and lobbyists; exemptions

§ 5-807 - Constructing and operating multipurpose facility

§ 5-808 - Major league baseball spring training facilities; local financial participation

§ 5-809 - Community youth and amateur sports and recreational facilities; local financial participation

§ 5-810 - Regulating sale, use and consumption of alcoholic beverages

§ 5-811 - Conflicts of interest; violation; classification

§ 5-812 - Performance audit

§ 5-813 - Disadvantaged business enterprise participation goals; contractor employment requirements

§ 5-814 - Monthly report; appearance before joint legislative budget committee

§ 5-815 - Intercollegiate football national championship and playoff games

§ 5-831 - Annual budget

§ 5-832 - General fund; investments

§ 5-833 - Construction account

§ 5-834 - Facility revenue clearing account

§ 5-835 - Tourism revenue clearing account

§ 5-836 - Operating account

§ 5-837 - Cactus league promotion account

§ 5-838 - Youth and amateur sports facilities account; reserve

§ 5-839 - Car rental surcharge

§ 5-840 - Tax on hotels

§ 5-841 - Audit

§ 5-1131 - Annual budget

§ 5-1132 - General fund; investments

§ 5-1133 - Excise tax on car rentals

§ 5-1134 - Excise tax on hotels and motels

§ 5-1135 - Tax on restaurants and bars

§ 5-1136 - Tax on amusements and sporting events

§ 5-1137 - Tax on retail

§ 5-1138 - Administration of tax

§ 5-1139 - Conditional reduction of district taxes

§ 5-1140 - Annual audit

§ 5-1431 - Annual budget

§ 5-1432 - General fund; investments

§ 5-1433 - Performance audit

§ 5-1434 - Annual audit

§ 5-861 - Definitions

§ 5-862 - Authorization of bonds

§ 5-863 - Issuance and sale of bonds; notice

§ 5-864 - Bond proceeds subaccount

§ 5-865 - Debt service account

§ 5-866 - Securing principal and interest

§ 5-867 - Lien of pledge

§ 5-868 - Bond purchase; cancellation

§ 5-869 - Payment of bonds

§ 5-870 - Use of surplus monies

§ 5-871 - Investment of monies in the bond proceeds subaccount

§ 5-872 - Investment of monies in debt service account

§ 5-873 - Authorized investments of monies

§ 5-874 - Deposit and disbursement of monies

§ 5-875 - Characteristics of bonds; negotiable; obligation; legal investments; exemption from taxation

§ 5-876 - Effect of changing circumstances on bonds; agreement of state

§ 5-877 - Validity of bonds; legal opinion

§ 5-1161 - Definitions

§ 5-1162 - Obligation for the bonds

§ 5-1163 - Authorization of bonds

§ 5-1164 - Issuance and sale of bonds

§ 5-1165 - Bond proceeds account

§ 5-1166 - Debt service account

§ 5-1167 - Securing principal and interest

§ 5-1168 - Lien of pledge

§ 5-1169 - Bond purchase for cancellation

§ 5-1170 - Payment of bonds

§ 5-1171 - Investment of monies in the bond proceeds account

§ 5-1172 - Investment of monies in the debt service account

§ 5-1173 - Authorized investment of monies

§ 5-1174 - Deposit and disbursement of monies

§ 5-1175 - Characteristics of bonds; negotiability; legal investments; exemption from taxation

§ 5-1176 - Effect of changing circumstances on bonds; agreement of state

§ 5-1177 - Validity of bonds; legal opinion

§ 5-1461 - Definitions

§ 5-1462 - Obligations for the bonds

§ 5-1463 - Authorization of bonds

§ 5-1464 - Issuance and sale of bonds

§ 5-1465 - Bond proceeds account

§ 5-1466 - Debt service account

§ 5-1467 - Securing principal and interest

§ 5-1468 - Lien of pledge

§ 5-1469 - Bond purchase for cancellation

§ 5-1470 - Payment of bonds

§ 5-1471 - Investment of monies in the bond proceeds account

§ 5-1472 - Investment of monies in the debt service account

§ 5-1473 - Authorized investment of monies

§ 5-1474 - Deposit and disbursement of monies

§ 5-1475 - Characteristics of bonds; negotiability; legal investments; exemption from taxation

§ 5-1476 - Effect of changing circumstances on bonds; agreement of state

§ 5-1477 - Validity of bonds; legal opinion

§ 5-1101 - Definitions

§ 5-1102 - Formation of district; board of directors; duties

§ 5-1103 - Sports authority; establishment; authority board

§ 5-1104 - Sports authority plan; authority board powers and duties; advisory board

§ 5-1105 - Executive director; duties

§ 5-1106 - Major league baseball spring training facilities; local financial participation

§ 5-1107 - Youth sports and recreation; local financial participation

§ 5-1108 - Gift ban; exemptions

§ 5-1109 - Regulating sale, use and consumption of alcoholic beverages

§ 5-1110 - Conflicts of interest

§ 5-1111 - Performance audits

§ 5-1112 - Quarterly report; appearance before joint legislative budget committee

§ 5-1201 - Definitions

§ 5-1202 - Fantasy sports contests; exceptions; rules; licensure

§ 5-1203 - Prohibited employees; procedures and controls

§ 5-1204 - Financial responsibility

§ 5-1205 - Prohibitions; exception

§ 5-1206 - Problem gambling; self-exclusion list; program; liabilities

§ 5-1207 - Department of gaming; authority

§ 5-1208 - Requirements

§ 5-1209 - Revocation, suspension or denial of license; grounds; definitions

§ 5-1210 - Violations; classification; penalties

§ 5-1211 - Fees; penalty

§ 5-1212 - Fantasy sports contest fund

§ 5-1213 - Conditional enactment; notice

§ 5-1301 - Definitions

§ 5-1302 - Department of gaming; powers; duties

§ 5-1303 - Event wagering; license required; exception

§ 5-1304 - Licensure; application

§ 5-1305 - License review; approval; fees; material change; exemption; display; transferability

§ 5-1306 - License revocation; suspension; denial; grounds; definitions

§ 5-1307 - Limited event wagering operator licenses; definition

§ 5-1308 - Supplier license

§ 5-1309 - Management services provider license

§ 5-1310 - License fees; bond

§ 5-1311 - License restrictions; prohibited licensees; violation; classification

§ 5-1312 - Reporting

§ 5-1313 - Escrow account; insurance; cash-on-hand; financial practices; audit; post-employment restrictions

§ 5-1314 - Event wagering authorized

§ 5-1315 - Prohibited wagers

§ 5-1316 - Integrity; reporting prohibited or suspicious conduct; investigations

§ 5-1317 - Sports governing body agreements

§ 5-1318 - Fees; event wagering fund

§ 5-1319 - Financial responsibility

§ 5-1320 - Problem gambling; self-exclusion list; program; liabilities

§ 5-1321 - Conditional enactment; notice

§ 5-1401 - Definitions

§ 5-1402 - Formation of authority

§ 5-1403 - Board of directors

§ 5-1404 - Administrative powers and duties

§ 5-1405 - Executive director; duties

§ 5-1406 - Conflicts of interest

§ 5-1407 - Gift ban; exemption

§ 5-1408 - Regulating sale, use and consumption of alcoholic beverages

§ 5-1409 - Annual report; appearance before joint legislative budget committee